Chii chinonzi silinda: tsananguro, zvinhu, mhando, chikamu chesarudzo

Muchinyorwa chino, tichatarisa tsananguro, zvinhu zvikuru, mhando uye zvingangoitika zvemuchinjika-chikamu sarudzo dzeimwe yeanozivikanwa matatu-dimensional geometric maumbirwo - humburumbira. Ruzivo rwakaratidzwa runoperekedzwa nemifananidzo inodhirowa kuti ione zviri nani.

Cylinder Definition

Zvadaro, tichatsanangura silinda yedenderedzwa yakatwasuka semhando yakakurumbira yemufananidzo. Mamwe marudzi achanyorwa muchikamu chekupedzisira chebhuku rino.

Silinda yedenderedzwa yakatwasuka - Ichi chimiro chejometri chiri muchadenga, chinowanikwa nekutenderedza rectangle kumativi ayo kana axis yesymmetry. Nokudaro, silinda yakadaro dzimwe nguva inonzi kutenderera humburumbira.

Iyo cylinder mumufananidzo uri pamusoro inowanikwa semugumisiro wekutenderera kwekona yekona ABCD kumativi axis O₁O₂ 180 ° kana rectangles SUBSCRIPTION₂O₁/O₁O₂CD kumativi ose O₁O₂ pa 360 °.

Zvinhu zvikuru zvehumburumbira

• Masilinda mabhesi - madenderedzwa maviri ehukuru hwakafanana / nzvimbo ine nzvimbo panzvimbo O₁ и O₂.
• R ndiyo radius yezvigadziko zvehumburumbira, zvikamu AD и BC – madhayamita (d).
• O₁O₂ - iyo axis ye symmetry ye cylinder, panguva imwechete ndiyo yayo kureba (h).
• l (AB, CD) - jenereta ye cylinder uye panguva imwechete mativi erectangle ABCD. Kuenzana nekukwirira kwechimiro.

Cylinder reamer - lateral (cylindrical) pamusoro pechifananidzo, chakaiswa mundege; irectangle.

• kureba kwerectangle iyi yakaenzana nedenderedzwa renheyo yecylinder (2πR);
• hupamhi hwakaenzana nehurefu / jenareta yehumburumbira.

Cherechedza: mafomula ekutsvaga uye cylinder anoratidzwa muzvinyorwa zvakasiyana.

Mhando dzezvikamu zvehumburumbira

1. Axial chikamu chehumburumbira - rectangle yakaumbwa semugumisiro wekupindirana kwechimiro chine ndege inopfuura nepakati payo. Muchiitiko chedu, izvi ndizvo ABCD (ona mufananidzo wekutanga webhuku racho). Nzvimbo yechikamu chakadaro yakaenzana nechigadzirwa chehurefu hwesilinda uye dhayamita yehwaro hwayo.
2. Kana iyo ndege yekucheka isingapfuuri neaxis ye cylinder, asi iri perpendicular kune zvigadziko zvayo, ipapo chikamu chiriwo rectangle.
3. Kana iyo ndege yekucheka yakaenzana nemabhesi emufananidzo, ipapo chikamu denderedzwa chakafanana nemabhesi.
4. Kana iyo cylinder inopindirana nendege isingaenderani nezvigadziko zvayo uye, panguva imwe chete, haina kubata chero ipi zvayo, ipapo chikamu chacho chinonzi ellipse.
5. Kana ndege yekucheka ikapindira imwe yezvigadziko zve cylinder, chikamu chichava parabola / hyperbola.

Mhando dzemasilinda

1. silinda yakatwasuka - ine zvigadziko zvakafanana zve symmetrical (denderedzwa kana ellipse), yakaenzana kune imwe neimwe. Chikamu chiri pakati pemakona e symmetry yezvigadziko ndeye perpendicular kwavari, ndiyo axis ye symmetry uye kureba kwechimiro.
2. inclined cylinder - ine zvigadziko zvakafanana uye zvakafanana. Asi chikamu chiri pakati pemapoinzi esymmetry hachina perpendicular kune idzi mabhesi.
3. Oblique (beveled) silinda - zvigadziko zvemufananidzo hazvina kufanana.
4. denderedzwa humburumbira – hwaro idenderedzwa. Kune zvakare elliptical, parabolic uye hyperbolic cylinders.
5. equilateral humburumbira Silinda yedenderedzwa yekurudyi ine dhayamita yehwaro yakaenzana nekukwirira kwayo.