Chii chinonzi piramidhi: tsananguro, zvinhu, mhando, chikamu chesarudzo

Muchinyorwa chino, tichatarisa tsanangudzo, zvinhu zvikuru, mhando uye zvingasarudzwa zvechikamu chepiramidhi. Ruzivo rwakaratidzwa runoperekedzwa nemifananidzo inodhirowa kuti ione zviri nani.

Piramidhi Tsanangudzo

Piramidi chimiro chejometri chiri muchadenga; polyhedron inoumbwa nehwaro uye zviso zveparutivi (ine vertex yakajairika), nhamba yacho inotsamira pane nhamba yemakona echigadziko.

Cherechedza: piramidhi chinhu chakakosha.

piramidhi zvinhu

Pamufananidzo uri pamusoro:

• Base (quadrangle ABCD) - chiso chechimiro chiri polyhedron. Haasi muridzi wepamusoro.
• Pamusoro pepiramidhi (nguva E) ndiyo inowanzoitika yezviso zvemativi ese.
• Zviso zveparutivi ndiwo makona matatu anosangana pa vertex. Muchiitiko chedu, izvi ndezvi: General Conditions of Purchase, AED, BEC и CED.
• Mbabvu dzeparutivi - mativi emativi ezviso, kunze kweaya ari echigadziko. Avo. ichi chi AE, BE, CE и DE.
• Pyramid Height (EF or h) - perpendicular yakadonha kubva kumusoro kwepiramidhi kusvika pachigadziko chayo.
• Side face urefu (EM) - kureba kwekatatu, iyo inotarisana nedivi remufananidzo. Mupiramidhi yenguva dzose inonzi apothematic.
• Nzvimbo yepamusoro yepiramidhi ndiyo nzvimbo yechigadziko nemativi ayo ese akatarisana. Mafomu ekutsvaga (mufananidzo chaiwo), pamwe nemapiramidhi, anounzwa mumabhuku akasiyana.

Kukura kwepiramidhi - chifananidzo chinowanikwa ne "kucheka" piramidi, kureva kana zviso zvayo zvose zvakarongeka mundege yeumwe wavo. Kune yenguva dzose quadrangular piramidi, kusimudzira mundege yechigadziko kunotevera.

Cherechedza: yakabudiswa mune rimwe bhuku.

Sectional maonero epiramidhi

1. Diagonal chikamu - ndege yekucheka inopfuura nepamusoro pemufananidzo uye diagonal yechigadziko. Piramidhi ine quadrangular ine zvikamu zviviri zvakadaro (imwe yega yega diagonal):

2. Kana ndege yekucheka yakaenzana nechepasi pepiramidi, inoiparadzanisa kuva mifananidzo miviri: piramidhi yakafanana (kuverenga kubva kumusoro) uye piramidhi yakaderedzwa (kuverenga kubva pachigadziko). Chikamu chacho chigadziko-seporikani.

Mumufananidzo uyu:

• piramidi EABCD и EA₁B₁C₁D₁ zvakafanana;
• quadrangles ABCD и A₁B₁C₁D₁ zvakafananawo.

Cherechedza: Kune mamwe marudzi ekucheka, asi haana kunyanya kuwanda.

Mhando dzemapiramidhi

1. Regular piramidhi - hwaro hwechiumbwa iporigoni yenguva dzose, uye vertex yayo inoratidzwa pakati pechigadziko. Inogona kuva katatu, quadrangular (inoratidzwa pazasi), pentagonal, hexagonal, nezvimwe.
2. Piramidhi ine mupendero weparutivi perpendicular kusvika pachigadziko - imwe yemativi emapendero emufananidzo inowanikwa pakona yakarurama kune ndege yechigadziko. Muchiitiko ichi, kumucheto uku ndiko kureba kwepiramidhi.
3. Piramidhi yakatemwa - chikamu chepiramidhi chinoramba chiri pakati pechigadziko chayo uye ndege yekucheka inopindirana nechigadziko ichi.
4. Tetrahedron - Iri piramidhi ine triangular, zviso zvayo 4 katatu, imwe neimwe inogona kutorwa sechigadziko. Is zvechokwadi (sepamufananidzo uri pazasi) – kana mipendero yese yakaenzana, kureva kuti zviso zvese zvine makona matatu akaenzana.