Mifananidzo yema microbead ari munyanza inogona kusafadza moyo semifananidzo yekamba dzemugungwa dzakavharirwa mumarin'i epurasitiki, asi mapurasitiki madiki aya ari kuunganawo mumigwagwa yedu yemvura uye achityisidzira hupenyu hwemhuka dzemugungwa.
Ko mamicrobeads anobva sei kubva kune sipo kuenda kunyanza? Nenzira yakasarudzika, mushure mekugezwa kwemangwanani ega ega, mapurasitiki madiki aya anogezwa pasi pemvura. Uye vezvezvakatipoteredza vangada zvikuru kuti izvi zvisaitike.
Chii chinonzi microbeads?
A microbead ipurasitiki diki ingaita mirimita imwe kana diki (inenge saizi yepini).
Microbeads anowanzo shandiswa seabrasives kana exfoliators nekuti iwo akaomarara ibasa rekuchenesa rinoshanda risingakuvadze ganda rako, uye harinyungudika mumvura. Nezvikonzero izvi, mamicrobead ave chinhu chakajairika mune zvakawanda zvekuchengetedza zvigadzirwa zvemunhu. Zvigadzirwa zvine microbeads zvinosanganisira kukwesha kumeso, mushonga wemazino, moisturizer uye lotions, deodorants, sunscreens, uye makeup zvigadzirwa.
Hunhu hunogadzira mamicrobead anoshanda exfoliants anoitawo kuti ive njodzi kune zvakatipoteredza. "Maitiro acho akafanana nemabhodhoro epurasitiki uye mamwe mapurasitiki ane njodzi kune zvakatipoteredza ari kucherwa achikandwa mugungwa."
Ko ma microbead anopinda sei mumakungwa?
Idzi zvidimbu zvidiki zvepurasitiki hazvinyunguduki mumvura, ndosaka zvichigona kubvisa mafuta netsvina kubva mumaburi eganda. Uye nekuti idiki kwazvo (isingasviki 1 millimeter), mamicrobead haaseferwe kunze pamiti yekuchenesa mvura. Izvi zvinoreva kuti vanopedzisira vapinda mumvura muhuwandu hukuru.
Maererano neongororo yakabudiswa neAmerican Chemical Society mujenari Environmental Science & Technology, mhuri dzeUS dzinogeza 808 trillion microbeads zuva nezuva. Pachigadzirwa chekugadzirazve, 8 trillion microbeads inoguma yakananga mumvura. Izvi zvakakwana kuvhara 300 tennis courts.
Kunyange zvazvo ma microbeads akawanda kubva kumiti inoshandiswa patsva haapedze zvakananga mumvura, zvidimbu zviduku zvepurasitiki zvine nzira yakajeka inozopedzisira yava munzizi nemadziva. Matrillion 800 asara ma microbeads anozopedzisira ave mumatope, ayo anozoiswa sefetereza muuswa nemuvhu, uko ma microbeads anogona kupinda mumvura nekuyerera.
Yakawanda sei kukuvadza kunogona kukonzera microbead kune zvakatipoteredza?
Pane imwe nguva mumvura, ma microbeads anowanzo pedzisira ari mucheni yezvokudya, sezvo anowanzoita saizi yakafanana nemazai ehove, chikafu chezvipenyu zvakawanda zvemugungwa. Zvinopfuura 2013 mhando dzemhuka dzemugungwa dzinokanganisa ma microbeads echikafu, kusanganisira hove, turtles nemagull, maererano ne250 kudzidza.
Kana ikabatwa, microbeads haingobvisi mhuka dzekudya zvakakosha, asi dzinogonawo kupinda mudumbu radzo, zvichikonzera marwadzo, kudzivirira kudya, uye pakupedzisira kutungamirira kurufu. Pamusoro pezvo, mapurasitiki ari mumamicrobead anokwezva uye anotora makemikari ane muchetura, saka ane chepfu kumhuka dzesango dzinodzidya.
Nyika iri kubata sei nedambudziko remicrobead?
Nzira yakanakisa yekudzivirira kusvibiswa kwemicrobead, maererano neongororo yakabudiswa neAmerican Chemical Society, ndeyekubvisa microbeads kubva muchikafu.
Muna 2015, United States yakarambidza kushandiswa kwepurasitiki microbead musipo, mazino uye kugeza muviri. Kubva pakasainwa Mutungamiriri wenyika VaBarack Obama kuita mutemo, makambani makuru akaita seUnilever, Procter & Gamble, Johnson & Johnson neL’Oreal akatsidzira kubvisa kushandiswa kwema microbeads muzvigadzirwa zvavo, zvisinei hazvisati zvajeka kuti ma brand ese akatevedzera here kuzvipira uku. .
Pashure pacho, nhengo dzeParamende yeBritain dzakadana zvigadzirwa zvine microbeads. Canada yakapa mutemo wakafanana kuUS, waida kuti nyika irambidze zvigadzirwa zvese zvine microbead panosvika Chikunguru 1, 2018.
Nekudaro, vezvemitemo havazive nezvese zvigadzirwa zvine microbeads, zvichigadzira mukana mukurambidzwa kweUS kunobvumira vanogadzira kuti varambe vachitengesa zvimwe zvigadzirwa zvine microbeads, zvinosanganisira detergents, sandblasting materials, uye cosmetics.
Ndingabatsira sei kurwisa kusvibiswa kwemicrobead?
Mhinduro iri nyore: rega kushandisa uye kutenga zvigadzirwa zvine microbeads.
Iwe unogona kuzvitarisa wega kana chigadzirwa chine microbeads. Tarisa kune zvinotevera zvinongedzo pane label: polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), uye naironi (PA).
Kana iwe uchida zvigadzirwa zve exfoliating, tsvaga echisikigo exfoliants senge oats, munyu, yogati, shuga, kana kofi nzvimbo. Mukuwedzera, iwe unogona kuedza imwe nzira yekushongedza kune microbeads: jecha rekugadzira.
Kana iwe uchinge uchinge uine zvigadzirwa zvine microbead mumba mako, usangozvirasa kure - zvikasadaro ma microbeads anobva mugomba acharamba achipinda mumvura yekugezesa. Imwe mhinduro inogoneka ndeyekuvadzosera kumugadziri.