Negatoscopes ndechimwe chezvinhu zvakakosha zvekufungidzira zvekurapa zvinogona kuwanikwa munzvimbo dzekushanda, makamuri ekukurumidzira kana mahofisi ekurapa. Kuverengerwa kwemifananidzo yeX-ray neradiologists, nyanzvi kana varapi vese idanho rakakosha mukutanga kuongororwa uye kutora mutoro weiyo pathology yakasimbiswa.

Iwo negatoscopes anovhenekera matafura anopenya anoita kuti zvikwanise kuverenga X-rays kuburikidza nekujeka. Kuvhenekera kwakapararira kwakafanana nechiedza chechisikigo. Kuverengera kwekuverenga kwechifananidzo cheX-ray uye kurongeka kwekuongororwa kunoguma kunoenderana zvakananga nemhando yekuvhenekesa uku.

Zvinoumba

Conventional negatoscopes marudzi emabhokisi, rimwe remativi marefu ayo ari backlit translucent girazi. Iyi pani inobvumira chiedza kuti chigovane zvakaenzana pamusoro pechiso chayo chose.

Iwo negatoscopes anowanikwa muhukuru hwakasiyana ane 1 kusvika 4 kuverenga renji, iyo inogona kubatidzwa pamwe chete kana zvakasiyana. Saizi yavo inokodzera akawanda x-ray evakuru kana vana. Simba rinopihwa kubva kune mains nebhatani rekuti / kudzima. Pane mamwe mamodheru, kusimba kwechiedza kunogona kugadziridzwa ne dimmer ichibvumira simba rechiedza chinofambiswa kuti chigadziriswe. Tembiricha yeruvara yemachubhu efluorescent iri pakati pe6100 ne7220 Kelvins. Iwo negatoscopes anowanikwa ari vertical modhi kuti aturike pamadziro kana mune yakatwasuka modhi yekuisa pachigadziko chedhesiki.

Kutora x-ray inhanho yakajairika inotorwa kumisikidza kana kusimbisa kuongororwa. Aya mabvunzo anokurumidza uye ari nyore kuita. Murwere anoiswa pasi pedanda re X-rays. Maerekitironi, ayo anopfuura nemuviri, anowedzera kana kushomeka zvichienderana nekuwanda kwematishu kana nhengo dzakayambuka.

Kuverenga x-rays

• Matishu akaonda kwazvo, akadai semapfupa, anodzora zvakasimba matanda eX-ray anopfuura nawo: anooneka machena muruvara pamufananidzo;
• Pakati pepakati density tishu, semhasuru, zvine mwero attenuate X-rays: anoita greyish paX-ray;
• Yakaderera density tishu, senge mvura kana mhepo, haambotapudza x-ray danda: inoratidzika yakasviba muruvara pamufananidzo.

Mufananidzo wematishu emukati akaunganidzwa pa x-ray firimu saka anogona kufananidzwa mupfungwa nemufananidzo "wakajairika". Chero tsvina inenge iripo inogona kunge yakafanana ne pathology.

Dudziro yeradiographs

Mukuvhiyiwa kwemapfupa, X-rays inoita kuti zvikwanise kuratidza zvakasiyana-siyana zvironda zvemusculoskeletal system:

• kuputika kwebhonzo;
• kukuvadza kune cartilage yemajoini;
• tendon kuputika;
• etc.

X-rays inogonawo kuongorora:

• kutadza kwemoyo;
• pneumonia;
• bundu;
• pulmonary emphysema;
• kuvhara mumatumbo;
• zvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana;
• etc.

Matanho ekushanda

Mushandi anoisa mufananidzo weX-ray waanoda kuverenga pandiro yemuoni weX-ray uye anobatidza ndiro inowirirana. Panyaya ye vertical negatoscopes, iyo mifananidzo "yakachekwa" mugororo riri pamusoro pegirazi. Kuverenga kunoitwa nekujeka nekuda kwekuvhenekerwa nemachubhu efluorescent ayo anoparadzira mwenje wakafanana nemwenje wechisikigo.

Nguva yekuishandisa?

X-rays inoshandiswa kuverenga mifananidzo yeX-ray mumadhipatimendi mazhinji ezvipatara uye mumahofisi echiremba.

Kugadziriswa kwe x-ray muoni

Kuchengeta muoni weX-ray achishanda nemazvo uye kuve nechokwadi chekuverenga kwakanakisa kweX-rays, akati wandei ma paramita anofanirwa kuongororwa nguva nenguva:

• kuchena kwegirazi;
• kupenya, kunofanira kuramba kune homogeneous pamusoro pese pese pepane;
• tembiricha yemachubhu, iyo inofanirwa kugara ichiongororwa kuti ione chero anomalies emwenje.

Mhando dzakasiyana dze negatoscope

• Iyo yemhando yepamusoro X-ray X-ray muoni: iyi ndiyo yakajairika modhi inowanikwa muzvipatara kana mumahofisi evanachiremba. Iyo inogadziriswa nemaoko neimwe kana anopfuura switch inogonesa kuverenga kuverenga (s) kubatidzwa. Aya mitsara anogona kuvhenekerwa zvakasiyana kana panguva imwe chete. Mamwe mamodheru akashongedzerwa ne dimmer;
• Iyo yekuwedzera-flat modhi inopa yakanyanya homogeneous yekuvhenekesa modhi isina stroboscopic maitiro (kupenya kwechiedza). Iine 1 kusvika ku4 mitsara uye ine dimmer;
• Iyo otomatiki X-ray yekuona: switch-on inoitwa otomatiki kana mufananidzo waiswa. Zviedza zvinouya chimwe nechimwe;
• Iyo mazino x-ray anoona inobvumira vanachiremba vemazino uye orthodontists kuverenga kwakanaka kwazvo kwemazino x-rays: panoramic x-rays, retro-alveolar x-rays, refu-cone kuongorora;
• "Chizvarwa chitsva" chekurapa X-ray chitaridzi chinovimbisa kupenya kwakasimba uye kwakafanana. Zvishandiso zvaro zvakanyanya kusimba uye hurefu hwayo hunenge husingagumi. Zvikamu zvaro zvemagetsi zvinosangana nemitemo yakasimba kwazvo. Zvose izvi zvinoita kuti ive yakanyatsogadzikana chiedza bhokisi. Pane mamwe mamodheru, kusimba kwechiedza kunogona kugadziriswa ne dimmer. Mamodheru ane maratidziro akabatanidzwa ane ergonomic uye rational control box. Iyo yekuisa inogona kuve yakatwasuka, yakatwasuka, uye pachigadziko chesimbi.

Maitiro ekusarudza muoni akakodzera

• Huwandu hwemateki: kubva pa1 kusvika ku4 tracks kazhinji, asi kune mamodheru anokwira kusvika ku12 tracks uye zvakatowanda;
• kunaka kwechiedza;
• murairo wekutanga;
• kutevedzera mitemo yekuchengeteka;
• Kumaka kweEC.

Zvimwe zvinoshandiswa zve X-ray viewer

Isu tinoshandisa negatoscopes muminda kunze kwekurapa:

• mukutora mifananidzo kuverenga zvisina kunaka kana masiraidhi;
• mukudhinda kwekuisa mafirimu eoffset kana mukudhinda skrini;
• mune graphic art kuteedzera chifananidzo kana kugadzira montages.