Mukaka wemucheche ndiwo wekutanga waunopa mwana wako kana wasarudza kumuyamwisa mubhodhoro kana kuti kana kuyamwisa kusiri kufamba sezvaunotarisirwa. Uyu mukaka wemhando yepamusoro wakanyatsogadzirwa kuti uswedere pedyo nepaunokwanisa kumukaka wezamu uye nokudaro unosangana nezvinodiwa zvinovaka muviri zvemwana wako mumwedzi yake yekutanga.

Mukaka wemuzamu hapana mubvunzo kuti ndicho chikafu chakanyanya kukodzera pane zvinodiwa nemucheche: hapana mukaka wakanyatsokwana munzira dzese. Asi zvirokwazvo kuyamwisa chisarudzo chega chega chiri chaamai vese.

Kana iwe usingakwanisi kuyamwisa mwana wako kana iwe wakasarudza kumudyisa bhodhoro, mukaka chaiwo, wakanyatsogadziriswa kune zvinodiwa zvekudya zvemwana muduku unotengeswa, muma pharmacy uye muzvitoro zvikuru. Kumwana kubva pamwedzi 0 kusvika ku6, uyu mukaka wemucheche, unonziwo "mucheche mucheche". Chekupedzisira, chero chinenge chasarudzwa, chinobata zvese zvinodiwa nemucheche. Vitamin D chete uye fluoride supplementation inodiwa.

Mikaka yezera rekutanga inogadzirwa kubva pamukaka wemhou wakagadzirwa kuti uswedere pedyo nekuumbwa kwemukaka wezamu asi uine chimiro chiri kure kwazvo nemukaka wemhou sezvatinoziva, izvo zvisina kuchinjirwa kune zvinodiwa. yemwana asati asvika makore matatu.

MaProteins

Hunhu hwemaforoma evacheche aya ezera rekutanga mapuroteni akadzikiswa, anonyatsoenderana nezvinodiwa nemucheche kuti ave nechokwadi chekukura kwakanaka kwehuropi uye tsandanyama. Mukaka uyu hauna chokwadi chinodarika 1 g yeprotein pa1,8 ml, inopesana ne100 g pa3,3 ml yemukaka wemhou uye 100 kusvika 1 g pa1,2 ml mumukaka wezamu. Mamwe mareferensi anotova ne100 g chete yehuwandu hwakafanana.

Lipids

Huwandu hwema lipids huri mumukaka wezera rekutanga hwakada kufanana neiyo yemukaka wezamu ine 1 g / 3.39 ml. Nekudaro, mafuta elactic anotsiviwa zvakanyanya nemafuta emiriwo, kuitira kuvimbisa kudyiwa kwemamwe akakosha mafuta acids (linoleic uye alphalinolenic acid kunyanya) yakakosha pakukura kwehuropi.

Carbohydrate

Iro 1st zera mukaka rine 7,65 g yemacarbohydrates pa 100 ml inopesana ne6,8 g / 100 ml yemukaka wezamu uye 4,7 g chete yemukaka wemhou! Makabhohaidhiretsi aripo muchimiro cheglucose uye lactose, asiwo muchimiro che dextrin maltose.

Vitamine, trace elements uye mineral salt

1st zera mukaka anewo mavhitamini akakosha akadai se:

• Vitamin A inobatanidzwa mukuona uye immune system
• Vitamin B, iyo inofambisa kubatanidzwa kwemakhahydrates
• Vitamin D, iyo inosunga calcium kumapfupa
• Vhitamini C inokosha kuti inyatsotora iron
• Vitamin E inovimbisa kukura kwakanaka kwesero uye inodiwa kuti huropi hwakanaka uye kukura kwetsinga
• vhitamini K iyo inobatsira ropa kugwamba zvakajairika uye inobata basa mukugadzirwa kwemafupa uye kukura kwesero
• Vhitamini B9, inonziwo folic acid, inonyanya kukosha pakukurumidza kuvandudza masero: masero matsvuku eropa, masero machena eropa, masero ematumbo uye ayo ari paganda. Inotorawo chikamu mukushanda kwakanaka kwetsinga dzetsinga uye mukugadzira mamwe ma neurotransmitters.

Iwo zvakare ane akawanda trace elements uye mineral salts, kusanganisira sodium, potassium, chlorine, calcium, magnesium uye iron, izvo zvinobatsira mukushanda kwakanaka kwemasero mumuviri wemwana. Chiyero chavo chakanyatso kuenderana nezvinodiwa zvemucheche uye kwete kuremedza itsvo dzake dzisati dzakura.

Zvisinei nerudzi rwakasarudzwa, mukaka ese ekutanga anopa hutano hwakafanana hwese uye ese ane anenge akafanana kuumbwa. Izvo zvakati, mitsara yakagadziridzwa zvakanyanya kupindura kune mamwe matambudziko evacheche muchiitiko che:

• Prematurity: Mikaka iyi inonyorerwa muNeonatology inochinjirwa kune zvinodiwa chaizvo zvevacheche vasati vasvika 3,3 kg uye vane mamwe mabasa - kunyanya kugaya - vachiri vasati vakura. Iwo akapfuma muprotein pane yekare 1st zera mukaka, uye anowedzera kupfumiswa mu polyunsaturated fatty acids (omega 3 uye omega 6 kunyanya), sodium, mineral salt uye mavitamini. Kune rimwe divi, ivo vane yakaderedzwa lactose yemukati kuti ive nechokwadi chekugaya zvirinani. Kana mwana asvika 3 kg, chiremba anowanzopa mukaka wakazara.
• Colic: kana mwana ane dumbu rakaoma, kuputika kana gasi, mukaka uri nyore kugaya unogona kupiwa. Muchiitiko ichi, sarudza mukaka wemucheche usina lactose kana protein hydrolyzate.
• Manyoka akanyanya: kana mwana wako akaona chiitiko chikuru chemanyoka, mukaka unozodzoreredzwa nemukaka wekutanga-wemazino usati wapa mukaka wenguva dzose wemwana zvakare.
• Kudzoreredza: kana mwana achida kudzoka zvakanyanya, zvinokwana kumupa mukaka wakakora - ungave neprotein, kana nehupfu hwecarob kana chibage starch (inongowedzera mudumbu, saka nyore kunwa). Mikaka iyi yezera diki inonzi "anti-regurgitation milks" muzvitoro zvemishonga, uye "comfort milks" kana ichitengeswa muzvitoro zvikuru. Zvisinei, chenjerera kuti usakanganise regurgitation ne gastroesophageal reflux chirwere (GERD) inoda kubvunzurudzwa kwevana.
• Allergies kumaprotein emukaka wemhou: kana mwana wako aine genetic akaiswa munjodzi yeallergies nekuda kwenhoroondo yemhuri yake, chiremba wevana vako anogona kukutungamira kune chaiwo mukaka usina allergenic protein uye lactose.

Muma pharmacy kana muzvitoro zvikuru?

Hazvinei kuti anotengeswa kupi uye mhando yavo, mafomu ese evacheche ezera rekutanga anoenderana nemirairo yakafanana, anodzorwa nemaitiro akafanana uye anosangana nemiyero yakafanana yekuumbwa. Saka, zvinopesana nekutenda kwakakurumbira, mukaka unotengeswa muma pharmacy hauna kuchengetedzeka kana nani pane mukaka unotengeswa muzvitoro zvikuru kana zvepakati.

Chokwadi, mukaka wese wevacheche parizvino uri pamusika unoteerera zvakafanana kurudziro dzeEurope. Kuumbwa kwavo kunotsanangurwa zvakajeka mumutemo wehurumende we11 Ndira 1994 unoratidza kuti vanogona kutsiva mukaka waamai. Ose akagadzirwa kuti ave nechokwadi chekuti mwana agayiwa zvakanaka uye kuti anyatsopinzwa nemuviri wake.

Nekudaro, iwo mabhureki makuru ane mukana wekuva nehukuru hwemari nzira yekuvandudza kuumbwa kwemukaka nekusvika padhuze nemukaka wemazamu.

Zvakadini nemukaka weorganic?

Organic mukaka unosangana neyakafanana kuumbwa uye kuchengetedza zvinodiwa seyakajairwa gadziriro, asi inogadzirwa kubva pamukaka kubva kumombe dzakasimudzwa maererano nemitemo yekurima organic. Nekudaro, organic mukaka wemhou unomiririra 80% yechigadzirwa chakapedzwa nekuti kune yasara 20% mafuta emuriwo anowedzerwa izvo zvisiri zvekurima. Zvisinei, iwe unogona kutarisa kunaka kwemafuta aya nekunyatsoverenga kuumbwa kwemukaka wecheche.

Organic mucherechedzo usina kukosha kuvashandi vehutano nekuti zvidzoreso zvinotonga kugadzirwa kwemukaka wevacheche wekare - usiri-organic, wakaomarara uye wakaomarara zvekuti unova nechokwadi chekuchengetedza hutano hwakakwana. Ndiko kutenda kwako, kunyanya pakuremekedza zvakatipoteredza, izvo zvinokutungamirira kana kusaenda kumukaka weorganic.

Kana mwana akadyiswa mubhodhoro, anopihwa mukaka wemucheche, unonziwo “mushonga wemucheche” kubva pakuzvarwa kusvika kudya kwaanoita kwakasiyana zvakakwana kuti awane kana kudya kumwe chete kwakakwana pazuva (muriwo + nyama kana hove kana zai + mafuta + muchero) uye pasina mukaka (bhodhoro kana kuyamwisa).

Saka, maererano nekurudziro, zvinokurudzirwa kushandura kumukaka wezera rechipiri kazhinji mushure mekunge mwana apedza mwedzi mitanhatu, asi zvisati zvaitika mwedzi mina.

Mimwe mienzaniso

Unogona kuchinjira kumukaka wezera rechipiri kana:

• Mwana wako ane mwedzi mishanu uye unomupa chikafu chisina mabhodhoro chakazara kamwe chete pazuva
• Uri kuyamwisa uye mwana wako ane mwedzi mitanhatu yekuberekwa anodya kudya kamwe chete pazuva asina kuyamwisa

Iwe unomirira usati waunza mukaka wezera rechipiri kana:

• Mwana wako ane mwedzi 4, 5 kana 6 asi haasati atanga kusiyanisa
• Uri kuyamwisa mwana wako uye unoda kumurumura kuti achinje mabhodhoro efodya yevacheche. Uchazopa mwana wako mukaka wemucheche kusvikira awana kudya kwakakwana pazuva pasina mukaka.