Paive nenguva apo kudya kwemuriwo uye vegan kwaingova chikamu chediki subculture munyika dzekuMadokero. Zvaitendwa kuti iyi ndiyo nharaunda yekufarira kwevahippies nevaratidziri, uye kwete huwandu hwevanhu.
Vegetarians uye vegans vakaonekwa neavo vakavakomberedza kana nekugamuchirwa uye kushivirira, kana neruvengo. Asi iye zvino zvinhu zvose zviri kuchinja. Vatengi vakawanda vari kutanga kuona maitiro akanaka ekudya kwekudyara kwete pahutano chete, asiwo pane zvimwe zvakawanda zvehupenyu.
Kudya kwezvirimwa kwave kuri kukuru. Vane mukurumbira veruzhinji uye makambani makuru ari kudaidzira shanduko kune veganism. Kunyangwe zvinofarirwa naBeyoncé naJay-Z vakagashira mararamiro evegan uye vakaisa mari mukambani yechikafu yevegan. Uye kambani huru yezvekudya pasi rose, Nestlé, inofanotaura kuti chikafu chezvirimwa chicharamba chichizivikanwa pakati pevatengi.
Kune vamwe, imararamiro. Zvinoitika kuti kunyangwe makambani ese anotevera huzivi maererano nezvavanoramba kubhadhara chero chinhu chinokonzera kuponda.
Kunzwisisa kuti kushandiswa kwemhuka sekudya, zvipfeko, kana chimwe chinangwa hakuna kukosha kune hutano hwedu uye kugara zvakanaka kunogona kuve hwaro hwekuvandudza hupfumi hwezvirimwa.
Kubatsirwa kwehutano
Makumi emakore ekutsvagisa kwakaratidza kuti kudya-kwekudyara kwekudyara kunopokana ndeimwe yehutano hwakanyanya munyika. Chikafu chiri muchikafu-chinodyarwa chikafu chinobatsira kuderedza kuzvimba mumuviri, kuvandudza tsinga yeropa, uye kuderedza njodzi ye metabolic syndrome uye chirwere cheshuga.
Nyanzvi dzezvokudya zvinovaka muviri dzinobvuma kuti mamwe mapuroteni emhuka—nzungu, mhodzi, mbambaira, uye tofu—manyuko anokosha uye asingadhuri eprotein nezvimwe zvinovaka muviri.
Chikafu chezvirimwa chakachengeteka pamatanho ese ehupenyu hwemunhu, kusanganisira kubata pamuviri, hucheche, uye hudiki. Kutsvakurudza kunoramba kuchisimbisa kuti kudya kwakadzikama, kwezvinomera kunogona kupa munhu zvokudya zvose zvinodiwa kuti ave noutano hwakanaka.
Ruzhinji rwevegans uye vekudyara, maererano nezvidzidzo, vanowana yakakurudzirwa zuva nezuva mvumo yeprotein. Kana iri iron, kudya kwezvirimwa kunogona kuva nezvakawanda kana kudarika kudya kune nyama.
Kwete chete zvigadzirwa zvemhuka hazvidiwi kune hutano hwakakwana, asi nhamba iri kukura yevanovaka muviri uye vashandi vehutano vari kubvuma kuti zvigadzirwa zvemhuka zvinotokuvadza.
Tsvagiridzo yezvekudya zvakadyarwa yakaratidza kakawanda kuti huwandu hwehuwandu hwemuviri uye huwandu hwekufutisa hwakaderera muvanhu vanodya zvinomera-zvikafu. Kudya kunovaka muviri, kunobva muzvirimwa kunobatsirawo kuderedza ngozi yechirwere chemwoyo, sitiroko, kenza, kufutisa, uye chirwere cheshuga, izvo zviri pakati pezvikonzero zvikuru zvorufu munyika dzakawanda dzokuMadokero.
Ethics
Nokuda kworuzhinji rwavanhu vari kurarama munyika yanhasi, kudya nyama hakusati kuchisiri rutivi runokosha rwokurarama. Vanhu vemazuva ano havachadi kuzvidzivirira pamhuka kuti vararame. Naizvozvo, mazuva ano, kudya zvipenyu kwazova sarudzo, kwete chinhu chinodiwa.
Mhuka dzakangoita sevanhu vakangwara sezvatiri, vane zvavanoda, zvido zvavo uye zvavanofarira. Sayenzi inoziva kuti, kufanana nesu, vanogona kuwana mhatsa yakasiana-siana yokunzwa nemirangariro, zvakadai somufaro, marwadzo, mufarwa, rutyo, nzara, rusuruvaro, kufinhwa, kuvhiringidzika, kana kuti kugutsikana. Vanoziva nezvenyika yakavapoteredza. Hupenyu hwavo hwakakosha uye hausi zviwanikwa kana midziyo yekushandisa nevanhu.
Chero kushandiswa kwemhuka kwekudya, zvipfeko, varaidzo kana kuedza kushandiswa kwemhuka zvinopesana nekuda kwavo, zvichikonzera kutambura uye, kazhinji, kuponda.
Kuchengetedza kwezvakatipoteredza
Hutano nehunhu hunobatsira hazvirambike, asi kuchinjira kune chirimwa chekudya kwakanakira nharaunda.
Tsvagiridzo nyowani inoratidza kuti kuchinjira kune chirimwa-chakudya chekudya kunogona kuderedza yako pachako kukanganisa kwezvakatipoteredza kupfuura kuchinja kumota yakasanganiswa. Sangano reFood and Agriculture Organisation reUnited Nations (FAO) rinoti chikamu chinosvika makumi matatu kubva muzana chenyika isina kufukidzwa nechando chinoshandiswa zvakananga kana zvisina kunanga kugadzira chikafu chezvipfuyo.
Mubani reAmazon, inoda kusvika 70% yevhu resango rakashandurwa kuita nzvimbo inoshandiswa semafuro emombe. Kufudza zvakanyanya kwakakonzera kurasikirwa kwezvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana uye kubereka kwezvinhu zvipenyu, kunyanya munzvimbo dzakaoma.
Chirevo chine mavhoriyamu maviri chine musoro unoti "Livestock in a Changing Landscape" yakaita zvinotevera zvakakosha zvakawanikwa:
1. Mhuka dzinopfuura mabhiriyoni 1,7 dzinoshandiswa mukuchengetwa kwemhuka munyika yose uye dzinotora chikamu chinopfuura chikamu chimwe muzvina chepasi.
2. Kugadzirwa kwezvokudya zvemhuka kunotora chikamu chimwe muzvitatu chenyika yose inorimika iri panyika.
3. Indasitiri yezvipfuyo, iyo inosanganisira kugadzirwa uye kutakurwa kwechikafu, inobata chikamu che18% chese kuburitswa kwegasi regreenhouse munyika.
Zvinoenderana neongororo ichangoburwa pamusoro pekukanganisa kwezvakatipoteredza kwezvinotsiva nyama yezvirimwa, kugadzirwa kwega kwega kwenyama yezvirimwa kunokonzeresa kuburitsa kwakadzikira pane kugadzirwa kwenyama chaiyo.
Kuchengeta zvipfuyo kunoitawo kuti vanhu vasashandisa mvura zvakanaka. Indasitiri yezvipfuyo inoda kushandiswa kwakanyanya kwemvura, kazhinji ichipedza zvemuno mukati mekuwedzera kunetseka kwekuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze uye inogara ichiderera zviwanikwa zvemvura yakachena.
Sei tichigadzira chikafu chekudya?
Kuderedza kugadzirwa kwenyama uye zvimwe zvigadzirwa zvemhuka hakungotsigire kurwira kuponesa pasi redu uye kunobatsira kune imwe nzira yakagadzikana uye ine tsika yehupenyu.
Nekukanda zvigadzirwa zvemhuka, haungodzikisi zvakanyanya kukanganisa kwako kwezvakatipoteredza, asi iwe zvakare unotamba chikamu chako mukuvandudza hupenyu hwevanhu pasirese.
Kuchengeta mhuka kune migumisiro inosvika kure kuvanhu, kunyanya kune vasina rubatsiro nevarombo. Maererano neWorld Health Organization, gore negore vanhu vanopfuura mamiriyoni 20 vanofa nekushaya zvokudya zvinovaka muviri, uye vanhu vanenge bhiriyoni imwe chete vanogara nenzara.
Zvizhinji zvezvokudya zvinopiwa kumhuka zvino zvinogona kushandiswa kudyisa vane nzara pasi rose. Asi pachinzvimbo chekupa zviyo kuvanhu vanoshaya nevanotambura nedambudziko rekudya pasi rose, zvirimwa izvi zviri kupihwa zvipfuyo.
Zvinoda avhareji yemakirogiramu mana ezviyo nemamwe mapuroteni emiriwo kugadzira hafu yekirogiramu chete yenyama yemombe!
Mabhenefiti ehupfumi
A chirimwa-based kurima sisitimu inounza kwete chete zvakatipoteredza uye rubatsiro rwevanhu, asiwo zvehupfumi. Chikafu chekuwedzera chaizogadzirwa kana huwandu hweUS vakachinjira kune vegan chikafu chaigona kupa 350 miriyoni vamwe vanhu.
Kuwanda kwechikafu uku kwaizoripa kurasikirwa kwese kubva mukuderedzwa kwezvipfuyo. Zvidzidzo zvehupfumi zvinoratidza kuti kugadzirwa kwezvipfuyo munyika zhinji dzekuMadokero kunoburitsa isingasviki 2% yeGDP. Zvimwe zvidzidzo muUS zvinoratidza kudzikiswa kunogona kuitika muGDP inosvika 1% nekuda kwekuchinja kwenyika kuenda kune veganism, asi izvi zvichagadziriswa nekukura mumisika yezvirimwa.
Maererano nekuongorora kwakabudiswa mumagazini yeAmerica Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), kana vanhu vakaramba vachidya zvigadzirwa zvemhuka, pane kuchinja kune kudya kwekudyara kwemiti, izvi zvinogona kudhura United States kubva ku197 kusvika ku289 bhiriyoni. madhora pagore, uye Hupfumi hwepasi rose hunogona kurasikirwa nemadhora mazana maviri nemakumi mashanu emadhora ne2050.
IUS inogona kuchengetedza mari yakawanda kupfuura chero nyika ipi neipi nekuchinja kune hupfumi hwezvirimwa nekuda kwemitengo yakakwira yehutano hweveruzhinji. Maererano nekuongorora kwePNAS, kana vanhu vekuAmerica vakangotevera mazano ekudya ane utano, US inogona kuchengetedza $ 180 mabhiriyoni mumari yekuchengetedza utano uye $ 250 mabhiriyoni kana vakashandura kune hupfumi hwemiti. Izvi zvinongova nhamba dzemari uye hazvitombofungi kuti hupenyu hunofungidzirwa hwe320 hunoponeswa gore negore nekuderedza zvirwere zvisingaperi uye kufutisa.
Maererano neimwe ongororo yakaitwa nePlant Foods Association, mabasa ehupfumi muindasitiri yezvekudya zvezvirimwa zveUS chete madhora mabhiriyoni gumi nematanhatu, 13,7 pagore. Pazviyero zvekukura zvazvino, indasitiri yezvekudya yezvirimwa inotarisirwa kuburitsa madhora mabhiriyoni gumi mumari yemutero mumakore gumi nematatu anotevera. Kutengeswa kwemishonga yemakwenzi muUS kuri kukura paavhareji ye10% pagore.
Zvese izvi inhau dzinovimbisa dzevamiriri vemararamiro ezvirimwa, uye zvidzidzo zvitsva zviri kubuda zvichiratidza mabhenefiti akawanda ekudzivisa zvigadzirwa zvemhuka.
Tsvagiridzo inosimbisa kuti, pamatanho mazhinji, hupfumi hwezvirimwa huchavandudza hutano uye hutano hwevanhu pasi rese nekuderedza nzara munyika dzichiri kusimukira uye kuderedza chirwere chisingaperi kuMadokero. Panguva imwecheteyo, pasi redu richawana zororo shoma kubva pakukuvadzwa kunokonzerwa nekugadzirwa kwezvigadzirwa zvemhuka.
Mushure mezvose, kunyange kana hutsika uye hutsika hazvina kukwana kutenda mune zvikomborero zvehupenyu hwemiti, zvishoma simba remasimba ose dhora rinofanira kugutsikana nevanhu.