Akathisia chiratidzo chinotsanangurwa nechishuwo chekufamba kana kutsika panzvimbo nenzira isingarambiki uye isingapere. Iyi sensorimotor disorder inonyanya kuwanikwa mumakumbo ezasi. Akathisia inogona kuperekedzwa nemafungiro kusagadzikana, kuzvidya mwoyo. Chikonzero cheakathisia chinofanira kutanga uye chinonyanya kuzivikanwa uye kurapwa kwekutanga kunofanira kutariswa pane chikonzero ichi.

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Akathisia chiratidzo chinotsanangurwa nechishuwo chekufamba kana kutsika panzvimbo nenzira isingarambiki uye isingapere. Iyi sensorimotor disorder - iyo inofanirwa kusiyaniswa kubva ku psychomotor agitation - inonyanya kuwanikwa mumakumbo ezasi. Zvinowanzoitika kana wakagara kana wakarara. Kusagadzikana, kushaya hope kwechipiri, kunyange kushungurudzika mumhando huru kunowanzoonekwa. Akathisia inogona kuperekedzwa nemafungiro kusagadzikana, kuzvidya mwoyo.

Kusiyanisa kuongororwa pakati peakathisia uye kusagadzikana kwegumbo syndrome kunoramba kuchikakavadzana zvichipiwa huwandu hwepamusoro hwekiriniki hunopindirana pakati pezviviri. Vamwe vatsvakurudzi vanotenda kuti zviratidzo zviviri zvakafanana asi kuti zvinoonekwa sezvakasiyana nekuda kwekusiyana kwenhaka yemafungiro aya: zvidzidzo pamusoro pemakumbo asingazorori syndrome anouya zvakanyanya kubva mumabhuku etsinga uye pakurara uye Akathisia yezvinyorwa zvepfungwa uye psychopharmacological.

Nzira yekuziva akathisia

Parizvino, akathisia inongoongororwa chete pakuongorora kwekiriniki uye mushumo wevarwere, sezvo pasina chibvumirano chekuongorora ropa, kuongororwa kwekufungidzira, kana neurophysiological kudzidza.

Izvo zvakakosha zveacute neuroleptic-induced akathisia ndezvekunyunyuta kwekusashivirira uye imwe yeanotevera anoonekwa mafambiro:

• Kusagadzikana kwekufamba kana kuzunungusa kwemakumbo kana wakagara;
• Kusvetuka kubva kune imwe tsoka kuenda kune imwe kana kutsika-tsika wakamira;
• Kuda kufamba kubvisa kusashivirira;
• Kusagona kugara kana kumira pasina kufamba kwemaminetsi akati wandei.

Chishandiso chinowanzo shandiswa chekuongorora ndicho Barnes Akathisia Rating Scale (BARS), inova chiyero chezvina-mapoinzi umo zvikamu zvechirwere uye chinangwa chechirwere zvinoyerwa zvakaparadzana zvobva zvabatanidzwa. Chinhu chega chega chakayerwa pachiyero chechina-mapoinzi, kubva ku zero kusvika kune matatu:

• Chinangwa chechikamu: pane kusagadzikana kwekufamba. Kana hutsinye huri hunyoro kusvika pakati nepakati, mazamu ezasi anonyanya kukanganiswa, kazhinji kubva muhudyu kusvika kumakumbo, uye kufamba kunotora chimiro chekuchinja panzvimbo paunenge wakamira, uchizununguka, kana kufamba kwetsoka paunenge ugere. Kana zvakanyanya, zvisinei, akathisia inogona kukanganisa muviri wose, zvichiita kuti kunenge kusingagumi kutenderera uye kufamba-famba, kazhinji kunoperekedzwa nekusvetuka, kumhanya uye, dzimwe nguva, kukanda kubva pachigaro kana kukanda. mubhedha.
• The subjective component: kuomarara kwekushungurudzika kunosiyana kubva pa "kushungurudza zvishoma" uye kusunungurwa nyore nyore nekufambisa nhengo kana kuchinja nzvimbo, kune "kusagadzikana zvachose". Muchimiro chakanyanya kuomarara, munhu wacho anogona kusakwanisa kuchengetedza chero chinzvimbo kweanopfuura masekonzi mashoma. Kunyunyuta kwepamusoro kunosanganisira manzwiro ekusagadzikana kwemukati - kazhinji mumakumbo - kumanikidzwa kufambisa makumbo uye kurwadziwa kana nyaya yacho yakakumbirwa kuti isafambisa makumbo avo.

Zvinhu zvinotyisa

Kunyange zvazvo acute antipsychotic-induced akathisia inowanzobatanidzwa neschizophrenia, zvinoratidzika kuti varwere vane mafungiro, kunyanya bipolar disorder, vari pangozi huru.

Zvimwe zvengozi zvinogona kuzivikanwa:

• Head trauma;
• Cancer ;
• Kushaikwa kwesimbi.

Chisingaperi kana kunonoka akathisia inogonawo kubatanidzwa nekukwegura uye zvepabonde zvevakadzi.

Antipsychotics

Akathisia inowanzoonekwa mushure mekurapwa nezera rekutanga antipsychotics, ine kuwanda kwereshiyo kubva pa8 kusvika 76% yevarwere vanorapwa, zvichiita kuti ive ine nharo inonyanya kukonzeresa yemishonga iyi. . Kunyange zvazvo kuwanda kweakathisia kwakaderera nechizvarwa chechipiri antipsychotic mishonga, iri kure ne zero;

Antidepressants

Akathisia inogona kuitika panguva yekurapa ne antidepressants.

Mamwe mabviro emishonga

Iyo inorwisa mabhakitiriya azithromycin 55, calcium channel blockers, lithium, uye zvinodhaka zvinowanzo shandiswa mukutandara segamma-hydroxybutyrate, methamphetamine, 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, ecstasy) uye cocaine.

Parkinsonian mamiriro

Akathisia yakatsanangurwa pamwe chete nekukanganisika kwakasiyana kwakabatana nechirwere cheParkinson.

Spontaneous Akathisia

Akathisia yakashumwa mune zvimwe zviitiko zvekusarapwa schizophrenia, uko kwave kunzi "spontaneous akathisia".

Kusateerera zvakanaka kurapwa

Kutambura kunokonzerwa neakathisia kwakakosha uye kunogona kunge kuri chikonzero chekusatevedzera neuroleptic kurapwa kunokonzera chiratidzo ichi.

Kuwedzera kwezviratidzo zvepfungwa

Kuvapo kweakathisia kunowedzerawo zviratidzo zvepfungwa, kazhinji zvichiita kuti varapi vawedzere zvisina kufanira vamiririri vanogumbura, zvakadai sekusarudza serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) kana antipsychotics.

kuzvisungirira

Akathisia inogona kusanganiswa nekushatirwa, hutsinye, chisimba, kana kuedza kuzviuraya.

Chikonzero cheakathisia chinofanira kutanga uye chinonyanya kuzivikanwa uye kurapwa kwekutanga kunofanira kutariswa pane chikonzero ichi.

Sezvo Akathisia inokura zvakanyanya nekuda kwekutora psychotropic zvinodhaka, kurudziro yekutanga ndeyekudzikisa kana kushandura mushonga kana zvichibvira. Mune varwere vanotora mishonga yechizvarwa chekutanga, kuedza kunofanira kuitwa kuchinja kune chechipiri chizvarwa chevamiririri vanoita sechinokonzera zvishoma akathisia, kusanganisira quetiapine uye iloperidone.

Kana kushayikwa kwesimbi kuripo, zvingabatsira kugadzirisa mamiriro acho ezvinhu.

Inofanirawo kuonekwa kuti "kubvisa akathisia" kunogona kuitika - kutevera kuchinja kwekurapa, kuwedzera kwekanguva kunogona kuitika: saka hazvidikanwi kutonga kushanda kwekuderedzwa kwedhesi kana "kuchinja kwemishonga pamberi pemavhiki matanhatu kana zvimwe.

Zvisinei, akathisia inogona kuramba yakaoma zvikuru kurapa. Zvakawanda zvakasiyana zvinonzi zvinobatsira, asi humbowo huchiri kuzosimbiswa.