Mukati
Hunyanzvi hwekurovedza muviri
Kusimba uye Kudzidzira muviri
Unyanzvi gymnastics chirango mukati mejimnastics. Ichi chiitiko, kusiyana nezvimwe zvese, chinoitwa nemhando dzakasiyana senge iro rack, mhete kana mabhawa asina kuenzana. Kunyangwe zvingaite senge mutambo wazvino uno, chokwadi ndechekuti iko kurovedza muviri kwakamuka munguva dzekare, kunyanya muzana ramakore XNUMXth, nekuda kwaFriedrich Ludwig Jahn, purofesa we Berlin yeGerman Institute, iyo muna 1811 yakagadzira nzvimbo yekutanga yekudzidzira kwejimnastics yehunyanzvi kunze. Zvakawanda zvemidziyo zvazvino zvinotorwa kubva kune avo magadzirirwo. Zvinonyanya kushamisa? Iyi jimunasitikisi yakazvimiririra kubva kujimnastics zvakawandisa muna 1881 uye yaive muAthens, paMitambo yeOlympic ya1896, payakazozivikanwa pasi rese, yaiitwa chete nevarume. Yakanga iri kusvika 1928 apo vakadzi vakabvumidzwa kutora chikamu mu Amsterdam maOlimpiki.
Inflection poindi
Iyo XNUMXth century yanga ichikosha kune gymnastics yekudhirowa, kunyanya kubva 1952. Gore rino rinoratidza kutanga kwenguva yejimnastics semutambo uye zviitiko zvemujaho zvechinyakare zvinotanga kuitika, kubvisa zviitiko zvemitambo uye mapoka ekutanga anosanganisira anosvika 6 zvinhu. Nepo varume vachikwikwidza muna 1903 mu World Artistic Gymnastics Makwikwi, mukwikwidzi wepamusoro-soro wepasi rese mumutambo uyu, wevakadzi wakatanga kubva muna 1934.
Vakuru vemajimu
Romanian jimunasiti anomira kunze Nadia Comaneci, pazera remakore gumi nemana, kubvira paakakwanisa kuita nhoroondo mujimnastics yehunyanzvi nekuwana mukana wekutanga gumi muMontreal, zvibodzwa zvisina ani akawana mumitambo yeOlympic ya10. Simone mabhuru, uyo akatanga kuita semutsivi muAmerican Cup ndokupinda mumakwikwi mushure mekudonha kweumwe wevadzidzi vake. Ane muridzi wegumi menduru dzegoridhe mumakwikwi, uye mu Rio maOlimpiki akawana bronze mumatare asina kuenzana uye goridhe pasi uye kusvetuka, kuve iye Around-Around shasha uye kuwana nzvimbo yekutanga nechikwata. Chinhu chinonyanya kushamisa ndechekuti pamakore makumi maviri nemaviri iye atove nebasa repasi rine zita rake: «MaBiles», Iyo inosanganisira yakawedzera mbiri kumashure flip nehafu kutenderera.
Unyanzvi hwekudzidzira
Chinhu chekutanga kuita kusiyanisa pakati pevanhurume nevanhukadzi vane hunyanzvi hwejimnastiki, nekuti parizvino havaratidzi maitiro akafanana. Chikamu chevarume chakaumbwa nenzira nhanhatu: zvindori, yakakwira bar, pommel bhiza, yakafanana mabara, dhongi kusvetuka uye pasi. Ivo vanoita jimunasiti, kune rimwe divi, vanoita maekisesaizi mana: isina kuenzana mabhawa, bhalanzi bango, pasi uye kusvetuka (bhiza, trestle kana dhongi).
Curiosities
- MuAmsterdam muna 1928, vakadzi vakabvumidzwa kukwikwidza pachavo