Calcium (Ca) - tsananguro yemaminerari. Hutano hunobatsira uye zvinokuvadza

tsananguro

Karusiyamu chinhu chikuru subgroup II weboka IV ye periodic system yemakemikari ezve DI Mendeleev, ine atomiki nhamba makumi maviri uye maatomu mashoma e20. Iri zita rinogamuchirwa ndiCa (kubva muchiLatin - Calcium).

Calcium nhoroondo

Calcium yakawanikwa muna 1808 naHumphrey Davy, uyo, ne electrolysis yeslaked lime uye mercury oxide, akawana calcium amalgam, semhedzisiro yekudzora mercury kubva pakasara simbi, inonzi calcium. MuchiLatin, lime rinonzwika kunge calx, uye iri raive zita raive rakasarudzwa neechemist chemist kune yakavhurika chinhu.

Zvepanyama uye zvemakemikari zvivakwa

Calcium inogadziriswa, yakapfava, chena-chena alkali simbi. Nekuda kwekudyidzana neoksijeni uye kabhoni dhayokisaidhi, iyo simbi pamusoro inokura isina kujeka, saka calcium inoda yakasarudzika nzira yekuchengetedza - mudziyo wakasungwa wakavharwa umo simbi inodururwa netaundi remvura parafini kana parafini inosungirwa.

Zvinodiwa zvezuva nezuva zvecalcium

Karusiyamu ndiyo inonyanya kuzivikanwa yezvinhu zvinodiwa kuti zviitwe nemunhu, izvo zvinodikanwa zvezuva nezuva kubva pa700 kusvika 1500 mg kune munhu mukuru ane hutano, asi inowedzera panguva yekuzvitakura nekuyamwisa, izvi zvinofanirwa kutariswa uye calcium inofanira kuwanikwa mukati. chimiro chekugadzirira.

Mune zvakasikwa

Calcium ine akakwirira kwazvo emakemikari chiitiko, saka hazviitike mune zvakasikwa nenzira yayo yemahara (yakachena) Kunyange zvakadaro, ndiyo yechishanu inonyanya kuzivikanwa muguruva repasi, muchimiro chemakemikari inowanikwa mune sedimentary (limestone, choko) nematombo (granite), anorite feldspar ine yakawanda calcium.

Muzvinhu zvipenyu zvakapararira zvakakwana, huvepo hwayo hunowanikwa muzvirimwa, mhuka nevanhu, uko iriko kunyanya mukuumbwa kwemazino uye mapfupa emapfupa.

Zvokudya zvine calcium

Zvitubu zvecalcium: dairy uye zvigadzirwa zvemukaka (iyo huru sosi yecalcium), broccoli, kabichi, sipinashi, turnip mashizha, cauliflower, asparagus. Calcium inewo mazai evha, bhinzi, nyemba, nzungu, maonde (calorizator). Chimwe chitubu chakanaka chekudya calcium ndiyo mapfupa akapfava esalmon uye sardines, chero chikafu chegungwa. Shasha mune calcium yemukati ndeye sesame, asi ingori nyowani.

Calcium inofanira kupinda mumuviri mune imwe chiyero ne phosphorus. Chiyero chakaringana chezvinhu izvi chinoonekwa se1: 1.5 (Ca: P). Naizvozvo, zvakanaka kudya chikafu chakafuma mune izvi zvicherwa panguva imwechete, semuenzaniso, nyama yechiropa uye chiropa chehove dzakakora, pizi dzakasvibirira, maapuro uye radishes.

Kubata calcium

Chipingamupinyi kune yakajairwa kunwiwa kwecalcium kubva muchikafu mashandiro emakabohydrate muchimiro chemasiwiti uye alkalis, ayo anorerutsa iyo hydrochloric acid mudumbu, izvo zvinodiwa pakuparara kwecalcium. Maitiro ekufananidza calcium akaomesesa, saka dzimwe nguva hazvina kukwana kuti uzviwanire chete nechikafu, imwe yekuwedzera inodiwa ye trace element inodiwa.

Kushamwaridzana nevamwe

Kuvandudza kunwa kwecalcium mumatumbo, vhitamini D inodiwa, iyo inokonzeresa kufambisa calcium. Kana uchitora calcium (muchimiro chekuwedzera) mukudya, kunwa kwesimbi kwakadzivirirwa, asi kutora macalcium ekuwedzera zvakasiyana nechikafu hakukanganise maitiro aya chero nenzira.

Inobatsira zvivakwa zvecalcium uye zvazvinoita pamuviri

Inenge yese calcium yemuviri (kubva pa1 kusvika ku1.5 kg) inowanikwa mumapfupa nemeno. Karusiyamu inobatanidzwa mukugadzirisa kwekushushikana kwetishu yemhasuru, mhasuru contractility, kuwanda kweropa maitiro, chikamu cheyukosi uye membranes yemasero, maseru nemanyoro emvura, ine antiallergic uye anti-kupisa mhedzisiro, inodzivirira acidosis, inomutsa huwandu ma enzyme nemahormone. Karusiyamu inobatanidzwawo mukugadzirisa kwekubvumidzwa kwesero membrane, ine mhedzisiro inopesana neiyo sodium.

Zviratidzo zvekushomeka kwecalcium

Zviratidzo zvekushaikwa kwecalcium mumuviri zvinotevera, pakutanga kuona, zviratidzo zvisina hukama.

• huta, kudzikira kwemanzwiro;
• cardiopalmus;
• cramps, chiveve yemakumbo;
• kunonoka kukura uye vana;
• BP;
• delamination uye fragility yezvipikiri;
• kurwadza kwemajoini, kudzikisira "marwadzo echikumbaridzo";
• kumwedzi kuenda kumwedzi.
• Zvinokonzera kushomeka kwecalcium

Izvo zvinokonzeresa kushomeka kwecalcium zvinogona kuve zviyero zvisina mwero (kunyanya kutsanya), yakaderera calcium mune chikafu, kuputa uye kushuva kofi uye zvine caffeine zvine zvinwiwa, dysbiosis, hosha yeitsvo, thyroid gland, nhumbu, lactation uye kuenda kumwedzi.

Zviratidzo zvecalcium yakawandisa

Karusiyamu yakawandisa, iyo inogona kuitika nekunyanyisa kushandiswa kwezvigadzirwa zvemukaka kana kushandiswa kusingadzorwi kwemishonga, inoratidzirwa nenyota yakasimba, kusvotwa, kurutsa, kurasikirwa nechido, kushaya simba, uye kuwedzera weti.

Iko kushandiswa kwecalcium mune akajairwa hupenyu

Calcium yawana kunyorera mukugadzira metallothermic yeuranium, muchimiro chemakemikari echisikigo inoshandiswa senge mbishi yekugadzira gypsum nesimende, seinouraya utachiona (inozivikanwa bleach).