Candida albicans ifungus inowanzowanikwa mumaruva emucous membranes. Haisi pathogenic uye inobatsira pakuenzanisa kwe microbiota yedu. Zvisinei, kuwedzera kweanarchic kwembiriso iyi inonzi pathological: inonzi candidiasis.

Candida albicans ivhu rakaita sembiriso yegenus Candida uye yemhuri saccharomycetaceae. Candida albicans inoiswa pakati peasexual fungi iyo kubereka kwayo kunonyanya kunzi clonal. Candida albicans inhengo ye diploid ine mapeya masere emakromosomes. Iyo heterozygosity inoipa iyo kugona kukuru kuchinjika kune kwakasiyana nharaunda.

Candida albicans yakasikwa inoumba maruva emucous membrane yemunhu. Kuvapo kwayo hakusi pathological. Tinowana fungus iyi mudumbu re70% yevakuru vane hutano. Nekudaro, kusaenzana kwehomoni kana immune system kunogona kukonzera kuwanda kweanarchic yefungus iyi inozokonzera zvimwe zviratidzo. Tiri kutaura nezve candidiasis kana kunyange mycosis.

C. albicans virulence factor inobvumira kuti iwande:

• dimorphism (kushandura mbiriso kune fungus zvichienderana nenharaunda yakapoteredza);
• adhesins (nhamba huru yepamusoro-soro inobvumira C. albicans kunamatira nyore kumasero emuiti wayo);
• enzymatic secretions;
• etc.

C. albicans zvirwere zvinogona kugariswa kunhengo yesikarudzi, yemukanwa kana yekugayiwa mucosa. Mukuwedzera, kuwanda kweCandida albicans paganda hakuna kunaka uye kunokonzera zviratidzo zveganda. Kunyanya kashoma, muvarwere vasina immunocompromised, C. albicans inogona colonize imwe kana dzimwe nhengo kana kunyange muviri wose: tinotaura nezve systemic candidiasis. Muchiitiko ichi, njodzi yekufa inenge 40%.

Candida albicans i microorganism commensal kune microbial flora muvanhu uye mhuka dzine ropa rinodziya. Inowanikwa mumuromo, kugaya uye genital mucous membranes, nenzira ye blastospores, inoonekwa seyo saprophytic fomu inogara mu symbiosis neine zvisikwa zvipenyu. Muzvidzidzo zvine hutano, mbiriso inogovaniswa zvakasiyana zvichienderana nenzvimbo dzesampling, iyo huru reservoir inoramba iri nzira yekugaya:

• ganda (3%);
• mukadzi (13%);
• turakiti ano-rectal (15%);
• mhango yemuromo (18%);
• dumbu uye duodenum (36%);
• jejunum uye ileum (41%).

Nekudaro, manhamba aya anofanirwa kucherechedzwa nekuchenjerera sezvo matekiniki esampling asina kufanana nguva dzose uye nzvimbo dzesampling hadziwanzo ratidza nharaunda ine homogeneous.

C.albicans saka yakakosha pachiyero cheiyo microbiota. Nekudaro, kana iyi chiyero mune yayo commensal chimiro uye dziviriro yekudzivirira yaputswa, iyi symbiosis inova parasitic. Izvi zvinoguma nechirwere chinotapukira chinonzi candidiasis.

Candidiasis chirwere chinokonzerwa nefungus Candida albicans. Haisi chirwere chinotapukira: mbiriso yatovepo mumuviri, mu mucous membranes, muromo, digestive system uye nhengo dzepabonde. Candidiasis yakabatana nekuwanda kweanorachika kweCandida albicans, iyo pachayo inokonzerwa nekusagadzikana kwemuviri kana mahomoni kana kupera simba kwemaruva emicrobial. Mukuwedzera, hutachiona hwehutachiwana hwehutachiwana husingaonekwi sezvirwere zvepabonde (STIs), kunyange zvazvo kusangana pabonde kune ngozi yehutachiona hwehutachiwana (iyo yekupedzisira inokonzera kupera simba kwemaruva ekuberekwa).

Zvakadaro, kutapuriranwa kweC. albicans kubva kumunhu kuenda kumunhu kunogoneka kuburikidza nekubata tsvina, kubuda kwemate kana kuburikidza nemaoko. Muzvipatara, C. albicans inomiririra honzeri huru ye Zvirwere zveNosocomial mukana.

Zvinhu zvinotyisa

Zvimwe zvinhu zvine njodzi zvinoburitsa kukura kwe candidiasis:

• kudzokorora makosi emishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya;
• kutora mishonga inokanganisa hutachiona (corticosteroids, immunosuppressants, chemotherapy, nezvimwewo);
• a immunodépression (yekuzvarwa nayo, yakabatana neHIV kana kuisirwa).

Vaginal yeast infections ndiyo inowanzoitika candidiasis, inobata 10 kusvika 20% yevakadzi panguva yekuita zvepabonde. Ivo vanofarirwa ne:

• kuchinja kwehomoni;
• kutora estrogen-progestogen contraceptives;
• dikita ;
• bhurugwa rakanyanyisa;
• zvipfeko zvemukati zvisina kugadzirwa nedonje (uye kunyanya tambo);
• kupfeka panty liner;
• hutsanana husina kunaka;
• kurara kwenguva refu.