Mukati
tsananguro
Chestnuts miti inokura munyika zhinji dzepasi. Ivo vanochenesa mweya zvakanaka uye vanoshanda seye chaicho kushongedzwa kwemigwagwa. Miti ine maumbirwo epakutanga emashizha uye michero mune iri prickly sheath. Munguva yemaruva, mhepo yakazadzwa nekunhuhwirira kunofadza.
Vana vanowanzo gadzira yematsutso emichero kubva kune michero yemuti. Zvakare, mune dzinoverengeka nyika, dzakasiyana ndiro dzakagadzirwa pahwaro hwe chestnuts. Zvisinei, izvi hazvisi zvese zvinonakidza nezve chestnuts. Muchikamu chino, tichagovana zvinonyanya kufadza nezve chirimwa.
Zvibereko zvemuti Noble Chestnut kana Chaicho Chestnut (Castanea sativa Mille). Iyo ndeyemhuri yebeech uye inokura munzvimbo dzinodziya dzepasi muEurope, Asia, North America neCaucasus.
Nutsu inoibva "mabhokisi" akatenderera ane zvidimbu 2-4.
Izvo zvakakosha kusiyanisa michero yeakanaka chestnut kubva kune michero yebhiza chestnut, isingadyi, uye mune dzimwe nguva inogona kutungamira kune chepfu. Horse chestnut yakapararira muRussia, inoshandiswa kugadzirisa maguta uye inozivikanwa nehunhu hwayo "kenduru" maruva. Kune chibereko chimwe chete muhombodo yebhokisi chestnut, inonaka inovava, uye kwete inotapira, seyakanaka chestnut nzungu.
Kune Mutambo weChestnut muFrance. Iyi nati inoonekwa sechigadzirwa chenyika yeFrance.
Inofungidzirwa kuti makumi mana kubva muzana emakwenzi akadyiwa ari muChina.
Maumbirwo uye macalorie zvemukati chestnut
Chestnut ine flavonoid, oiri, pectins, tanins, starch, shuga, mapuroteni emiriwo. Iyi ndiyo chete nzungu ine vhitamini C, zvakare ine mavitamini A uye B, zvicherwa zvinhu (iron, potasium).
- Mapuroteni, g: 3.4.
- Mafuta, g: 3.0.
- Carbohydrate, g: 30.6
- Calorie zvemukati - 245 kilocalories
Nhoroondo ye chestnuts
Chestnut muti wemhuri yeBeech ine michero yezita rimwe chete. Iyo yakatetepa yehuni-yeganda yeganda yemuchero inoviga nzungu, chikamu chinodyiwa che chestnut. Chestnuts dzairimwa mukare Girisi uye yekare Roma.
Varoma vaizvishandisa pakudya, uye maGiriki vaizvishandisa semushonga. VaRoma vakaunza chestnuts kuBritain. Kubva kuEurope, chestnuts yakapararira pasirese.
Miti yematombo yave ichikura pane yedu nyika kubvira prehistoric times. Kutaurwa kwekutanga kwechirimwa kwakatangira muna 378 BC.
Michero yemuti yakambodaidzwa kunzi "mupunga unomera pamuti." Izvi zvinokonzerwa nehutano hwehutano. Izvo zvakafanana nemupunga wakasviba. Zvisinei, muchokwadi, zvirimwa hazvina kana chinhu chakafanana uye hazvina hukama. Chestnuts inogona kukura kweanopfuura makore mazana mashanu. Uye yakawanda yenguva ino vanobereka michero.
Chokwadi, vanhu vanoparadza miti kare kare. Mukurapa, "chestnut bhiza" yakapararira. Iyo simiti yakaunzwa kuEurope kubva kuTurkey. Iyo pakutanga yaishandiswa sekudya kwemabhiza. Pakupedzisira, pahwaro hwemichero, ivo vakatanga kugadzirira mushonga wekukosora mhuka. Ndokusaka chirimwa chakawana zita racho.
Parizvino, pane angangoita makumi matatu emhando dze chestnuts. Nekudaro, hadzisi dzese dzakakodzera chikafu, uye dzinoshandiswawo mukurapa. Mhando dzakasiyana ndedzekushandisa.
Mhando dze chestnuts
Ngatitangei nenyaya yekuti chikafu chinodyiwa chakasiyana zvachose nemuti, michero iyo maKievans anogona kutora paKhreshchatyk. Chitarisiko chakakosha kumaguta eour country chinopihwa neyekushongedza bhiza chestnut, iyo yakawana zita rayo rekuti michero yayo ine ruvara rwakafanana uye inopenya seiya emabhiza emahara. Mamwe mazita echirimwa ichi idumbu kana esculus.
Maruva, michero uye kuhukura kwebhokisi chestnut zvinhu zvakasarudzika zvigadzirwa kubva kune izvo zvinodhaka zvekurapa zvevascular zvirwere. Mukurapa kwechinyakare, muto wakasvinwa kubva pamaruva matsva unoshandiswa mukati kuitira vasodilation pamakumbo uye nemamota. Kubva pane decoction yemakwati ematavi, mabhati akagadzirwa emamorrhoids. Chinwiwa chinodhaka chemaruva akaomeswa chinoshandiswa kunze kwekurwadziwa kwerheumatic uye arthric…
Asi iyo inodyarwa yekudyara chestnut ndeyemhuri yakasiyana zvachose. Inokura zvakanyanya muMediterranean, dunhu reGungwa Dema reAsia Minor neCaucasus. Muour country, chestnut yemusango inowanikwa muCrimea. Ichokwadi, iyo "yakabudirira" mhando dzeEuropean dzinorimwa muItari, France kana Spain dzakakura zvakanyanya - saizi yemandarin.
Ko chestnut inodyiwa inotaridzika sei?
Inogona kusiyaniswa nemashizha ayo marefu, ane mazino, ayo akasungirirwa pamubato kwete nenyeredzi, asi rimwe nerimwe. Miti yacho inosvika makumi mana emamita pakureba, uye maruva acho akajairika-anotaridzika kunge spikelets ane yero yeruvara. Iyo capsule yemichero yakafukidzwa nenhamba yakakura yeminzwa mirefu mirefu, uye mukati (kusiyana neyakafanana bhiza chestnut) kune 40-2 nzungu muchimiro chebhuru panguva imwe chete.
Iyo nzungu dzinodyiwa pachezvadzo dzinoonekwa kunze zvishoma zvishoma nezvibereko zvebhiza chestnut. Iyo hombe, yakapetwa (dzimwe nguva inenge yakati sandara) nzungu ine ganda rakatetepa rakasviba bhuru. Iyo tsanga yeakadai chestnut yakachena neinotapira pulp - kana yakagochwa, kuravira kwayo kunenge kwakaoma, crumbly mbatatisi.
Chokwadi chinonakidza: Pamiti yematanda, makore mazana mashanu haisi rekodhi. Ichi chirimwa chave chiripo kubvira prehistoric nguva. Muzana ramakore rechina BC. vaRoma vairima chestnuts nekukuya nzungu kuita hupfu hwekubheka chingwa.
Kushandisa chestnuts
Nekuda kweiyo yakakwira yezvinyorwa zvematani, hazvikurudzirwe kushandisa chestnuts mbishi.
Ivo idhishi yakajairika mumakicheni eFrance, Japan, Italy, China, uye nyika dzeAsia. Inogona kukangwa, kubikwa, kubikwa, kupiswa.
Iyo inonyanya kufarirwa dhishi yakagochwa chestnuts. Kuti uigadzirire, michero inoda kutemerwa kuyambuka kuyambuka, inozoenderera mberi nekugadzirisa kucheneswa kwenzungu kubva mugoko. Wobva waisa nzungu mugango rekutsvaira, nepo zvisingakurudzirwe kushandisa Teflon, kufukidza nemaputi akanyorova kuitira kuti chestnuts irege kuoma, uye kuvhara chivharo. Mushure memaminitsi makumi maviri nemakumi matatu, chestnuts ichave yagadzirira.
Munguva yekutsvaira, kutarisirwa kunofanira kutorwa kuchengetedza napkin yakanyorova uye kushandura chestnuts nguva nenguva. Mushure mekutsvaira, zvinokurudzirwa kukurumidza kubvisa peel kubva pam chestnuts, sezvo zvichizoomarara zvakare mushure mekutonhora.
Chestnuts inokurudzirwa kubikwa kamwe chete pavanokurumidza kurasikirwa nekuravira kwavo.
Anogona zvakare kushandiswa kugadzira furawa nekuiisa pachingwa, zvihwitsi, ice cream, makeke, mapeke. Hupfu hwemucheka hunoshandiswa muCorsica kubheka chingwa, mumanzungu pachawo - ekugadzira muto we chestnut negariki nehanyanisi, sedivi padivi remastowe.
France inozivikanwa netsika yayo yekugocha chestnuts mumigwagwa. Kune zororo renyika reFrance rinodaidzwa kuti "Raviro Svondo", iro rakavakirwa pa "Mutambo we chestnuts".
Machestnuts anofamba zvakanaka ne mulled waini, Norman cider, shrimp, orenji mousse, asparagus, scallops.
MuJapan, ivo vakagadzirirwa nehuku uye mupunga, kana kunoshandiswa sechikafu chedoro. MuChina, chestnuts inozivikanwa sekuwedzera kune nyama. Zvakare, madhishi akagadzirwa kubva munyama yenguruve idzo dzakadyiswa nema chestnuts anonyanya kukosheswa ipapo.
Unobatsira maficha
Chestnuts ine huwandu hwakawanda hwezvinhu zvinobatsira muviri, izvo zvinobatsira kuwedzera hutachiona, kusimbisa kwese kwemuviri.
Nezvinangwa zvekurapa, decoctions, infusions kana zvinwiwa zvinodhaka zve chestnut zvinoshandiswa. Ivo anoshandiswa atherosclerosis, neBP, chirwere chemoyo, chirwere chechiropa, articular rheumatism, varicose veins, chirwere chevakadzi
Contraindications
Horse chestnut products is contraindicated muvana, vakadzi vane kusakwana kwekuenda kumwedzi, pamuviri uye lactation, vanhu vanotambura nekuderera kweropa, atonic constipation, hypoacid gastritis, kusagadzikana kweropa.
Varwere vane renal kusakwana vachitora chestnut mishonga inoda kugara ichitariswa nezvechiremba. Vanhu vese vanoshuvira kurapwa neichi chirimwa vanofanirwa kutora kuongororwa kweropa kune prothrombin, uye kana kuverenga kweprotein ikadzikira, saka unofanira kubva wamira kutora mushonga.
Izvo zvinofanirwa kuyeukwa kuti chipimo chinokurudzirwa chemushonga wekurapa wakashandiswa kana mumwe mushonga haufanire kupfuudzwa. Mhuka dzinovaraidza dzinoratidzirwa kutsvaira michero ye chestnut, mhedzisiro yacho kwakakomba chepfu. Izvo zvinodikanwa kuti utarise vana, nekuti michero yemuti uyu haidyike.
Mashoko Anofadza
Muti wekare kare wemuti wemiti muti unokura muSicily. Ichowo chakakora kwazvo pasi. Dhiramu kutenderera - 58 masendimita. Masayendisiti haakwanise kuona zera remuti. Zvichida iri makore 2000-4000 ekuberekwa. Iyo yekare uye gobvu chirimwa chakanyorwa muGuinness Book.
Mutambo we chestnut unoitwa gore rega rega muItari. Munguva yezororo, vaenzi vanorapwa kune ndiro dzakagadzirwa kubva pamichero yemuti. Makore akati apfuura apfuura mumwe wavo akaverengerwa muBhuku reGuinness.
Mubiki weimwe yeresitorendi ine mukurumbira yekuItaly akagadzira hupfu hwenutnut manoodles zana metres. Nyanzvi yakashanda zuva rese pane zvinyorwa. Iye pachezvake akakanya mukanyiwa ndokugadzira ma noodles achishandisa yakakosha pasita muchina.
Mushure mezvo, ma noodles akachekwa uye akabikwa kusvikira al dente. Vese vashanyi vemutambo vakaitirwa kune iyo ndiro. Vaenzi nevatongi vaifarira chestnut noodles zvakanyanya zvekuti ivo vakabva vadya zvese zvisina kana trace.
MuGeneva, kwemazana maviri emakore, kwave kune tsika yekuzivisa kutanga kwechirimo nemutemo wakasarudzika apo shizha rekutanga rinotumbuka pa "official chestnut" iri kukura pasi pemahwindo eiyo cantonal chivakwa chehurumende.
Zvinoenderana nehuwandu, kazhinji chirimo chakaziviswa munaKurume, kunyangwe zvaimboitika kare, uye muna 2002 chestnut yakatumbuka muna Zvita 29.Gore rinonyanya kushamisa raive 2006: kutanga, chitubu chakaziviswa munaKurume, uyezve muna Gumiguru, semuti pakarepo kubuda maruva zvakare.
Muna 1969, chestnut yakava chiratidzo cheKiev - nekuda kwekuti zvainakidza kutarisa, uye mashizha nemaruva zvaive zvine chimiro chakarairwa.