Mukati
Zvese nezve cod: giya, nzira uye maficha ekuredza
Hove huru yekuchamhembe yakapa zita rayo kumhuri huru yevamiririri ve ichthyofauna. Kuonekwa kwehove kunozivikanwa. Muviri wakaita sorupindwa nemusoro wakakura. Muromo wakakura, kuvapo kwemazino akadudzwa kunoenderana nerudzi rwekodha. Hunhu hunenge hwese cod ibarbel iri pazasi peshaya. Nekusiyana kwese kwezvipenyu mumhuri yecod, cod pachayo inewo akati wandei masubspecies. Tichifunga nezvekufanana kwekunze nedzimwe hove dzakaita sekodhi, nhengo dzakawanda dzemhuri dzinonzi cod, semuenzaniso, arctic cod, iri pedyo nehukama kune cod (polar cod). Panguva imwecheteyo, genus Gadus (chaizvoizvo, cod) inosanganisira Baltic, Atlantic, White Sea, Pacific, Greenland, dema uye dzimwe cod. Masayendisiti anoparadzanisa marudzi ehove kwete chete maererano nezvinobvira morphological features, asiwo maererano nemararamiro avo. Mamiriro ekuvapo kwehove anogona kunge akasiyana zvakanyanya. Kana iyo Atlantic cod inoratidzwa nekuvapo mune dense ine munyu pasi pemvura yemakungwa eAtlantic, saka iyo White Sea cod inogona kunamatira kune yakakwira matinji emvura. Kazhinji, mhando dzekodha dzakadai seBaltic neGungwa Dzvuku dzakajairana nemunyu wakaderera wenzvimbo yavo yekugara, inova chinhu chakakosha che subspecies yavo. Mazhinji emhando dzecod, zvisinei, haakwanise kugara munzvimbo dzakasvibiswa dzemakungwa, nepo relict vanhu veWhite Sea cod vakamuka, vanogara mumadziva ezvitsuwa (Kildin Island, nezvimwewo), iyo yakaonekwa apo madhamu akabatana negungwa. Pano, cod inorarama chete mukati memvura yepakati, nokuti iyo yakaderera inoratidzwa nehupamhi hwehydrogen sulfide, uye iyo yepamusoro yakasvibiswa zvakanyanya. Zvichienderana nemhando, cod inotungamirira mararamiro akasiyana. Vamwe, vanonyanya kugara, vamwe vanoshingairira kufamba vachitevedza sherufu yegungwa, nekuwedzera, kusimuka kwekufamba kune hunhu. Zvokudya zvinosarudzwa nehove zvakare zvinoshanduka zvakanyanya. Inogona kunge iri hove dzepakati nepakati, pwere dzemhando dzine hukama, uye dzakasiyana siyana crustaceans uye molluscs. Saizi yekodhi inosiyana zvakanyanya zvichienderana nemhando uye mamiriro ekugara. Asi kazhinji, hove inonzi yakakura, uremu hunogona kusvika kudarika 40 kg.
Nzira dzokubata hove
Cod chinhu chakakosha uye chakakurumbira zvikuru chekutengesa hove. Anobatwa nemagiya akasiyana-siyana: mambure, trawls, tiers nevamwe. Kune varedzi vevaraidzo, mafeni ekuredza mugungwa mumvura inotonhora yeNorthern Hemisphere, cod zvakare inofarira mukombe. Tichifunga nezvemararamiro, mhando huru yeamateur hove ndeyekutenderera yekuredza. Pasi pemamwe mamiriro ezvinhu, cod inogona kubatwa kubva kumahombekombe ine pasi uye inotenderera gear "cast".
Kubata hove parutanda
Kuredza kunoitwa kubva muzvikepe zvemakirasi akasiyana-siyana pakadzika kukuru kwemakungwa ekuchamhembe. Pakubata hove, varedzi vanoshandisa marine grade spinning rods. Kune giya, senge iri nyaya yekutsika, chinonyanya kudiwa kuvimbika. Reel dzinofanirwa kunge dziine tambo inoshamisa yekuredza kana tambo. Kuwedzera kune dambudziko-isina mabhureki system, iyo coil inofanirwa kuchengetedzwa kubva mumvura yemunyu. Kuredza pasi kubva muchikepe kunogona kusiyana mumitemo yekuraura. Mumhando dzakawanda dzehove dzemugungwa, kukurumidza kutenderera kwegiya kunogona kudikanwa, izvo zvinoreva chiyero chegiya chakakwira chemagetsi emhepo. Zvinoenderana nemusimboti wekushanda, macoils anogona kuve ari maviri ekuwedzera uye inertial-isina. Saizvozvo, tsvimbo dzinosarudzwa zvichienderana neiyo reel system. Kana kubata hove pasi pehove dzemugungwa, nzira yekubata hove yakakosha. Kuti usarudze waya wakakodzera, iwe unofanirwa kubvunza vane ruzivo veko vanoredza kana vatungamiriri. Cod inoumba masumbu makuru, ane kushingaira kuruma, ane ruzivo anglers uye madhairekitori haakurudzire kushandisa akawanda-hook tackle. Pakuruma hove dzakawanda panguva imwe chete, kuredza kunogona kushanduka kuita basa rakaoma, rakaoma. Vanhu vakakura kwazvo havawanzo kubatwa, asi hove dzinofanirwa kusimudzwa kubva pakadzika, izvo zvinounza kurovedza muviri kukuru kana uchitamba mhuka. Zviri nani kutumidza chero mabheti uye nozzles anoonekwa seanonyanya kufarirwa. Universal, unogona kufunga akasiyana vertical spinners. Kushandiswa kwemarigi ezviredzo zvechisikigo ("hove dzakafa" kana kucheka) zvakare kwakakosha. Panyaya yekubata hove nekutapa pasi, zvidhinha zvakasiyana-siyana zvine sinkers zvemhando dzakasiyana-siyana zvakakodzera: kubva "cheburashkas" kusvika kune "madonhwe" akakombama, uremu hwakakwana hwekushandisa pakadzika hukuru. Iyo leash, kazhinji, inosungirirwa sequentially uye dzimwe nguva ine urefu hunosvika 1 m (kazhinji 30-40 cm). Saizvozvowo, zvikorekedzo zvinofanira kusarudzwa maererano nekugadzirwa kwakagadzirirwa uye simba rakakwana. Mazhinji snap anopihwa nemamwe mabheji kana akasiyana octopus nezvimwe zvinhu. Zvakakosha kucherechedza pano kuti kushandiswa kwezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana kunowedzera kushandiswa uye nyore nyore kushandiswa kwemidziyo, asi kunoda kunyanya kuchenjerera kune kuvimbika kwemidziyo. Izvo zvinodikanwa kushandisa chete zvigadzirwa zvemhando yepamusoro, kana zvisina kudaro "zvisingatarisirwi" kurasikirwa kwemikombe kunogona kuitika. Nheyo yekubata hove iri nyore, mushure mekudzikisa siner munzvimbo yakatwasuka kusvika pakadzika yakafanotemerwa, muredzi anoita nguva nenguva madiki ekubata, zvinoenderana nemusimboti wekupenya kwakatwasuka. Munyaya yekurumwa kunoshanda, izvi, dzimwe nguva, hazvidiwi. "Kudzika" kwehove pazviredzo zvinogona kuitika pakudzikisa midziyo kana kubva pakudzika kwechikepe.
Zviredzo
Paunenge uchishandisa mabheti akasiyana-siyana uye rigs, zvinokwanisika kushandisa ese ari maviri mabheti ekugadzira senge octopus, vibrotails, nezvimwewo, pamwe chete neakasikwa mabheti. Inogona kuva honye dzegungwa, mollusks, shrimps, kucheka hove dzakasiyana-siyana uye mukati mavo. Mabheti akasanganiswa anowanzoshandiswa achishandisa zvose zvekugadzira uye zvechisikigo, semuenzaniso, vibrotail + shrimp uye zvichingodaro.
Nzvimbo dzekuredza uye dzekugara
Cod uye subspecies dzayo dzakaparadzirwa zvakanyanya mumakungwa anotonhora ekuchamhembe kwehemisphere. Sezvatotaurwa, mamiriro ezvinhu ehupenyu uye chido chekutama zvinoenderana nemhando. Atlantic cod inogona kufamba zviuru zvemakiromita kubva kunzvimbo dzekuberekesa kuenda kunzvimbo dzekudyisa. Iyo Pacific subspecies inongogara uye inoita chete mwaka wekufamba kubva kumahombekombe kuenda pakadzika padyo. Cod inofarira kugara muzvikamu zvezasi zvemvura, nepo kudzika kunogona kuve kwakakura. Mundege yakatwasuka, inogara codfish inosvika pakadzika inosvika 1 km.
Kubereka
Cod spawning yakanangana nemararamiro emhando dzakasiyana siyana. Pacific cod inobereka munzvimbo yemahombekombe, mazai anonamira uye anogara pasi. Mune mamwe marudzi, kubereka kunoitika mumbiru yemvura. Nzvimbo dzekuberekesa dzakasungirirwa kumvura yegungwa, kubereka kunoparadzaniswa, hove dzinogona kugara munzvimbo yekuberekesa kweinenge mwedzi. Ipapo inodzokera kunzvimbo dzekudyisa, kazhinji zviuru zvemakiromita kure. Hove dzinosvika pakukura kwepabonde pazera remakore 3-5. Kubereka ndeyemwaka, kunoitika muchirimo.