Mhou yemukaka weprotein allergy, kana APLV, ndiyo inowanzosawirirana nechikafu muvacheche. Inowanzoonekwa mumwedzi yekutanga yehupenyu. Sezvo zviratidzo izvi zvichisiyana zvakanyanya kubva kumwana kuenda kune mumwe, kuongororwa kwayo dzimwe nguva kunogona kuoma. Kana kuongororwa kwaitwa, APLV inoda kudya kwekubvisa, pasi pekutariswa nachiremba. Allergy ine fungidziro yakanaka, inoshanduka inoshanduka ichienda mukukura kwekushivirira muruzhinji rwevana.

Kuumbwa kwemukaka wemhou

Mhou yemukaka weprotein allergy, kana APLV, inoreva kuitika kwezviratidzo zvekiriniki mushure mekudya mukaka wemhou kana zvigadzirwa zvemukaka, zvichitevera maitiro asina kujairika eimmunological kurwisa mapuroteni emukaka wemhou. Mukaka wemombe une mapuroteni anosvika makumi matatu akasiyana, pakati pevamwe:

• lactalbumin,
• β-lactoglobulin,
• bovine serum albumin,
• bovine immunoglobulins,
• nyaya αs1, αs2, β et al.

Iwo anogona allergens. PLVs ndechimwe chezvakanyanya allergens mumakore maviri ekutanga ehupenyu, izvo zvine musoro kubvira mugore rekutanga, mukaka ndicho chikafu chikuru chemwana. 

Pathologies dzakasiyana

Zvichienderana nemaitiro anobatanidzwa, kune akasiyana pathologies: 

IgE inoenderana nemukaka wemhou allergy (IgE-mediated)

kana kuti APLV pachayo. Mapuroteni ari mumukaka wemhou anokonzera kuzvimba nekugadzirwa kwe immunoglobulin E (IgE), masoja ekudzivirira chirwere anogadzirwa achipindura allergen. 

Non-IgE inotsamira mukaka kusashivirira

Muviri unopindirana nezviratidzo zvakasiyana-siyana kuti uwane maantigen emukaka wemombe, asi hapana kugadzirwa kweIgE. Muvacheche, iyi ndiyo inonyanya kufanana. 

APLV inogona kukanganisa kukura kwemwana uye kugadzirwa kwebhonzo nekuti chikafu hachibatiki zvakanaka.

Makiriniki ekuratidzwa kweAPLV anosiyana zvakanyanya zvichienderana nemaitiro ari pasi, mwana uye zera rake. Zvinokanganisa zvose hurongwa hwekudya, ganda, hurongwa hwekufema. 

Kana iri IgE-mediated APLV

MuIgE-mediated APLV, maitikiro anowanzoitwa pakarepo: oral syndrome uye kurutsa kunoteverwa nemanyoka, maitiro akazara nepruritus, urticaria, angioedema, uye mune dzimwe nyaya dzakanyanya kuoma anaphylaxis.

Muchiitiko cheIgE isina kutaurwa

Muchiitiko cheIgE isina kutaurwa, kuratidzwa kunowanzo kunonoka: 

• eczema (atopic dermatitis);
• manyoka kana, pane zvinopesana, kuvimbiswa;
• kupfuurira kudzoka kana kunyange kurutsa;
• kubuda ropa;
• colic, kurwadziwa mudumbu;
• kuputika uye gasi;
• kusakwana uremu kuwedzera;
• kushatirwa, kukanganisa kurara;
• rhinitis, chikosoro chisingaperi;
• zvirwere zvenzeve kakawanda;
• mucheche asima.

Aya maratidziro akasiyana zvakanyanya kubva kune mumwe mwana kune mumwe. Mwana mumwe chete anogona kuita zvose zviri zviviri zvinokurumidza uye zvinononoka. Zviratidzo zvinoshandukawo nezera: pamberi pemakore 1, ganda uye zviratidzo zvekudya zvinowanzoonekwa. Mushure mezvo, APLV inozviratidza zvakanyanya nekucheka-maronda uye zviratidzo zvekufema. Izvi zvese zvinhu izvo dzimwe nguva zvinoita kuti kuongororwa kweAPLV kuve kwakaoma.

Kutarisana nekudya uye / kana zviratidzo zveganda mumwana, chiremba anotanga kuita ongororo yekiriniki uye kubvunzurudza pamusoro pezvakasiyana-siyana zvinokonzerwa nehutachiona, kudya kwemwana, maitiro ake kana kunyange nhoroondo yemhuri yekusawirirana. Kunyanya, chiremba anogona kushandisa CoMiSS® (Mhou's-inoenderana nemukaka chiratidzo chechiratidzo), chibodzwa chinoenderana nezviratidzo zvikuru zvine chekuita neAPLV. 

Miedzo yakasiyana yekuongorora APLV

Nhasi, hapana bvunzo dzehupenyu dzinogona kusimbisa kana kuramba nechokwadi kuongororwa kweAPLV. Saka kuongororwa kunobva pane zvakasiyana-siyana bvunzo.

YeIgE-inotsamira APLV

• bvunzo yeganda remukaka wemombe. Iyi bvunzo yeganda inosanganisira kuita diki diki yeyakacheneswa allergen inobvisa kupinda muganda nediki lancet. 10 kusvika kumaminitsi makumi maviri gare gare, chigumisiro chinowanikwa. Muedzo wakanaka unoratidzwa nepapule, (pimple duku). Muedzo uyu unogona kuitwa kare kare muvacheche, uye haurwadzi zvachose.
• kuongororwa ropa kweIgE chaiyo.

Kune isina-IgE inotsamira APLV

• chigamba bvunzo kana chigamba bvunzo. Makapu maduku ane allergen anoiswa paganda remusana. Vanobviswa maawa makumi mana nemasere gare gare, uye chigumisiro chinowanikwa maawa makumi maviri nemana gare gare. Kuita kwakanaka kunotangira pairi nyore erythema kuenda kumubatanidzwa we erythema, vesicles nemabubbles. 

Kuongororwa kwechokwadi kunoitwa nebvunzo yekudzinga (mapuroteni emukaka wemhou anobviswa kubva mukudya) uye nemuromo dambudziko kumapuroteni emukaka wemhou, zvisinei nechimiro cheimmunological.

Kutungamira kweAPLV kwakavakirwa pakubviswa kwakasimba kweiyo allergen. Mukaka chaiwo uchanyorerwa kumwana, maererano nekurudziro yeNutrition Committee yeFrench Pediatric Society (CNSFP) uye European Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition (ESPGHAN). 

Kushandiswa kweprotein yakawanda hydrolyzate (EO)

Muchinangwa chekutanga, yakawedzera hydrolyzate yemapuroteni (EO) kana yakakwira hydrolyzate yemapuroteni (HPP) ichapihwa kumwana. Aya mukaka akagadzirwa kubva kucasein kana whey ari muhuwandu hwezviitiko zvinotenderwa nevacheche veAPLV. Kana zviratidzo zvikaramba zviripo mushure mekuedza mhando dzakasiyana dzemahydrolysates, kana muchiitiko chezviratidzo zvakakomba zveallergic, mushonga wevacheche unobva pane synthetic amino acids (FAA) uchapihwa. 

Soy mukaka mapuroteni kugadzirira

Soymilk protein (PPS) gadziriro dzinowanzo kushivirira, dzakachipa uye kuravira zviri nani pane hydrolysates, asi yavo isoflavone yemukati inopokana. Aya ma phytochemicals aripo mu soy ari phytoestrogens: nekuda kwekufanana kwavo kwema molecular, vanogona kutevedzera estrogens, uye saka vanoita sevanokanganisa endocrine. Vanorongerwa semutsara wechitatu, zvichida mushure memwedzi mitanhatu, kuve nechokwadi chekusarudza mukaka une yakaderedzwa isoflavone content.

Hypoallergenic mukaka (HA)

Hypoallergenic (HA) mukaka hauna kuratidzwa munyaya ye APLV. Mukaka uyu, wakagadzirwa nemukaka wemhou, wakagadziridzwa kuita kuti usanyanya allergenic, unotarisirwa kudzivirira vacheche vane allergies (kunyanya nhoroondo yemhuri), pamazano ekurapa, mukati memwedzi mitanhatu yekutanga yemwana. 

Kushandiswa kwemajisi emiriwo

Kushandiswa kwemajisi emiriwo (soy, mupunga, almond nevamwe) kunorambidzwa zvakasimba, sezvo zvisingagadziriswi kune zvinodiwa zvekudya zvevacheche. Kana uri mukaka wedzimwe mhuka (mare, mbudzi), hazvipi zvese zvinovaka muviri zvinodiwa kumwana, uye zvinogona kukonzera kumwe kusawirirana, nekuda kwengozi yekuyambuka-allergies.

Kubvisa kudya kunofanirwa kugara kweinenge mwedzi mitanhatu kana kusvika zera re6 kana kunyange 9 kana 12 mwedzi, zvichienderana nekuoma kwezviratidzo. Kudzoserwa zvishoma nezvishoma kuchaitika mushure mebvunzo yeOral Challenge (OPT) nemukaka wemombe wakaitwa muchipatara. 

APLV ine fungidziro yakanaka yekutenda kune kufambira mberi kwekukura kwemukati memuviri immune system yemwana uye kuwanikwa kwekushivirira kumapuroteni emukaka. Kazhinji kazhinji, kosi yechisikigo ndeyekukura kwekushivirira muvana vari pakati pemakore 1 kusvika matatu ezera: vangangoita 3% nezera regore,> 50% nezera re1 uye> 75% pazera. zera re3.

Muvacheche vanoyamwisa, chiitiko cheAPLV chakaderera zvikuru (0,5%). Kutungamirirwa kweAPLV mumwana anoyamwisa kunosanganisira kubvisa zvinhu zvose zvemukaka kubva pakudya kwaamai: mukaka, yogati, cheese, butter, sour cream, nezvimwewo. Panguva imwe chete, amai vanofanira kutora vitamin D uye calcium supplementation. Kana zviratidzo zvikavandudza kana kunyangarika, amai vanoyamwisa vanogona kuedza kudzoreredza zvishoma nezvishoma mapuroteni emukaka wemhou mukudya kwavo, pasina kupfuudza chiyero chepamusoro chinobvumirwa nemwana.