Mukati
Kunobva - www.novayagazeta.ru
Mafungiro matsva anotonga pasi rose, uye zita repfungwa iyi nderorusununguko rwakadzama. Liberal fundamentalism inoramba nyika kodzero yekurwa hondo nekusunga vanhu, asi inotenda kuti nyika inofanirwa kupa munhu wese mari, pekugara uye dzidzo. Rusununguko rwoutsigiro runoidza nyika ipi neipi yokuMadokero udzvinyiriri, uye gandanga ripi neripi nyajambwa wenyika yokuMadokero.
Liberal fundamentalism inoramba kodzero yemhirizhonga yeIsrael uye inobvuma kune maPalestine. A liberal fundamentalist anopopotera US kuuraya vanhu muIraq, asi kana iwe ukamuyeuchidza kuti muIraq vagari vanourayiwa zvakanyanya nevarwi, anokutarira sekunge waita chimwe chinhu chisina kunaka kana kuti chakashata.
The liberal fundamentalist haatendi shoko rimwechete renyika uye anotenda chero izwi regandanga.
Zvakaitika sei kuti iyo monopoly ye "Western values" yakagoverwa neavo vanovenga nzanga yakavhurika uye vanoparira magandanga? Zvakaitika sei kuti "tsika dzeEuropean" dzaireva chimwe chinhu chaizoratidzika sehupenzi uye dhizaini kuEurope muzana ramakore rechiXNUMX nerechiXNUMX? Uye izvi zvichaguma sei kune nzanga yakasununguka?
Lori Berenson
Muna 1998 Amnesty International yakagamuchira mumwe Lori Berenson semusungwa wezvematongerwo enyika.
Laurie Berenson aive murwiri weruboshwe wekuAmerica akauya kuPeru muna 1995 akatanga kuenda kuparamende nekubvunzurudza vatevedzeri ikoko. Kubvunzurudza uku, netsaona yechienzi, hakuna kumboonekwa chero kupi zvako. Laurie Berenson akaenda kuparamende nemutori wemifananidzo Nancy Gilvonio, uyo, zvakare nechiitiko chinoshamisa, akanga ari mudzimai waNestor Carpa, mutungamiri wechipiri mukuru weboka remagandanga Tupac Amaru Movement.
Pamwe chete naNancy, akasungwa. Imba yemudzimai wekuAmerica uyu waita muzinda wemagandanga aigadzirira kutora paramende. Vakawana zvirongwa zveParamende, yunifomu yemapurisa uye arsenal yezvombo, kusanganisira 3 mabara e dynamite. Munguva yekurwisa, magandanga matatu akaurayiwa, uye gumi nemana akabatwa vari vapenyu. Apo Berenson akaunzwa kuvanhu, akadanidzira nenzwi guru, achisunga zvibhakera zvake: "Tupac Amaru" havasi magandanga - vanopandukira.
Lori Berenson akatongwa nemutongi ane hood, nokuti Tupac Amaru Movement yakanga ine tsika panguva yekupfura vatongi vakavapa mhosva. Pakutongwa, Laurie Berenson akataura kuti hapana chaaiziva. Chii, mutori wemifananidzo wake mudzimai waKarpa? Hungu, akanga asingazivi! Ko, imba yake imuzinda wemagandanga? Uri kutaura nezvei, iye haazive! Mashoko ake ari kupi? Saka akazvibika, akazvibika, asi hurumende yePeruvia ine ropa yakaba zvinyorwa zvake zvose.
Kuvimbiswa kwaLori Berenson hakuna kuita sekwechokwadi kudare rePeruvia kana kuAmerican Congress, iyo isina kumiririra mumwe wake. Nekudaro, vanoita sekunge vari kutendeseka kuAmnesty International. Vanorwira kodzero dzevanhu havana kumiswa kunyange nenyaya yekuti muna Zvita 1996 “Movement to them. Tupac Amaru» akabatwa nemumiriri weJapan, uye mune runyorwa rwenhengo dzesangano iro rakaburitswa nemagandanga, zita raLaurie Berenson raive munzvimbo yechitatu.
Moazzam Begg
Moazzam Begg, muChirungu anobva kuPakistani, nhengo yeAl-Qaeda, akatamira kuAfghanistan muna 2001. Sezvo Begg pachake akanyora, "Ndaida kurarama munyika yeIslam, isina huwori uye hutsinye." Afghanistan pasi pehutongi hweTaliban yakaita seBegg sezvizvi, nzvimbo yakasununguka uye yakanaka.
Asati atamira kuAfghanistan, Begg, nekubvuma kwake, akange adzidziswa mune inokwana misasa mitatu yemagandanga. Akaendawo kuBosnia uye akaita chitoro chemabhuku muLondon achitengesa mabhuku ejihad. Bhuku rinonyanya kufarirwa muchitoro raive Defence of the Islamic Land, rakanyorwa naAl-Qaeda co-muvambi Abdullah Azzam.
Mushure mekunge maAmerica apinda muAfghanistan, Begg akatiza nabin Laden kuToro Boro ndokuzoenda kuPakistan. Akasungwa nekuti mari yekubhanga muzita reMoazzam Begg yakawanikwa mumusasa weAl-Qaeda muDerunt.
Begg akapedza makore akati wandei kuGuantanamo uye akaburitswa muna 2005. Mushure meizvozvo, akazova mumwe wevakuru veAmnesty International. Nemari yeAmnesty, akafamba-famba muEurope nehurukuro dzekuti akatambudzwa sei nevaurayi veAmerica vane ropa.
Amnesty International haina kunyara nenyaya yekuti, panguva imwe chete nemabasa ekodzero dzevanhu, Begg akaramba achiita manyepo ehugandanga. Semutungamiri weIslamic Society (vese avo vatungamiri vakambosungwa nekuda kwehugandanga), akaronga hurukuro naAnwar al-Awlaki kuUK (kuburikidza nevhidhiyo kutepfenyura, hongu, nekuti kana paine chitarisiko chemuviri munharaunda ye United Kingdom, al-Awlaki angadai akasungwa).
Amnesty International haina kunyara nenyaya yekuti nyaya dzaBegg dzekutambudzwa kusingatsungiririki kuGuantanamo dzinoenderana nemirairo yevanodanwa. Manual yeManchester yeAl-Qaeda uye inoenderana nemaitiro e "takqiyya", kureva kuti, manyepo nemaune kune vasingatenderi, izvo zvisingagonekwi neIslamic fundamentalist, asi anofanira kutendeukira kwazviri.
Amnesty haina kunyara nenyaya yekuti nyaya idzi dzinopesana nepfungwa. Kana murume ane biography yaBegg akatambudzwa chaizvo, angadai akatongerwa makore matatu ehupenyu.
Asi mushandi weAmnesty International Gita Sangal paakayeuchidza pachena kuti Begg aive nhengo yeal-Qaeda, akadzingwa basa. Nharaunda yekodzero dzevanhu yakazivisa kuti Geeta Sangal persona non grata, uye kusiyana naMoazzam Begg, haana kukwanisa kuwana rutsigiro kubva kune chero gweta rekodzero dzevanhu.
Korombiya
Alvaro Uribe akasarudzwa Mutungamiriri weColombia muna 2002.
Panguva ino, Colombia yakanga yakundikana (“nyika isina simba.”— Approx. ed.). Inosvika gumi muzana yenyika yaitongwa nevapanduki vekuruboshwe, shure kwavo kwakamira makumi emakore emhirizhonga. Pablo Escobar, muvambi weramangwana weMedellin Cartel, akapotsa awirwa nevapanduki vakauraya guta rake reTitiribi pazera ramakore manomwe.
Vakanga vari vapanduki vekuruboshwe, vaChusmeros, vakatanga tsika inonzi «Colombian tie» - iyi ndiyo apo mutsipa wemunhu wakachekwa uye rurimi rwakadhonzwa nepahuro. Iyo Corte de Florero, kana Ruva Vase, yaivewo yakakurumbira - iyi ndiyo nguva iyo ot.eeelegs yemunhu yakanamatira mudumbu rake rakavhurika. Mumakore makumi mashanu Chusmeros akauraya 50 vanhu.
Mhinduro kukutya kwekuruboshwe, zvichipiwa kusagona kwehurumende, kwaiva kutya kwekurudyi; mumatunhu akasiyana, vanhu vakabatana muzvikamu zvekuzvidzivirira. Nekutanga kwezana ramakore rechi20, Autodefencas Unidas de Colombia yaive nevarwi vanopfuura zviuru gumi nepfumbamwe. Kuruboshwe kwaiwana mari kubva mukutengesa zvinodhaka. Vakakodzera futi. Apo Pablo Escobar aifanira kuparadza mafaira ake edare akachengetwa muDare Repamusorosoro, akangobhadhara vapanduki kubva kuM-19, uye muna 1985 vakabata ndokubva vapisa dare nevasungwa 300.
Kwaivawo nezvikwata zvinotengesa zvinodhaka. Kwaivewo nema kidnappers aiba zvakapfuma, incl. kunyanya vatengesi vezvinodhaka.
Ane charismatic workaholic uye ascetic, Uribe akaita zvisingaite: akamutsa nyika yakaparara. Mumakore maviri, kubva muna 2002 kusvika muna 2004, nhamba yekurwiswa kwegandanga uye kupambwa muColombia yakawira nehafu, nhamba yemhondi - ne27%.
Nekutanga kwehutungamiriri hwaUribe, 1300 masangano anobatsira vanhu neasina purofiti aive achishanda muColombia. Vazhinji vavo vakapa rubatsiro kuvapanduki veruboshwe; muna 2003, Mutungamiri Uribe kekutanga akazvibvumira kudana katsi katsi uye akadana "vanodzivirira ugandanga" kuti "varege mbwende kuvanza pfungwa dzavo seri kwekodzero dzevanhu."
Chii chatanga apa! Amnesty International neHuman Rights Watch yakazadza United States neEurope nezvikumbiro zvaida kuti Colombia irambwe uye “mitemo yayo inodzamisa dambudziko rekodzero dzevanhu munyika” (Amnesty International) uye “kurega kutsigira mutemo unobvumira mauto sunga nekusecha zvisiri pamutemo” (HRW).
Muna Chivabvu 2004, Mutungamiri Uribe akapomera zvakananga varwiri vekodzero dzevanhu vekune dzimwe nyika kubva kuPeace Brigades International uye Fellowship Of Reconciliation, avo vakatsigira "Runyararo Runyararo" muSan Jose de Apartado, nekubatsira magandanga ezvinodhaka eFARC.
Kupopota kwemasangano anorwira kodzero dzevanhu pamusoro peizvi kwakaputsa zvinyorwa zvose; apo, kwapera mwedzi, iyo FARC yakafanana yakauraya varimi makumi matatu nevana muLa Gabarra, Amnesty International yakaramba yakanyarara.
Makore matanhatu apfuura; gandanga reFARC rechipiri, Daniel Sierra Martinez anonzi Sameer, akapokana kuhurumende akaudza Mary O'Grady weWall Street Journal nezvebasa rakakosha reRunyararo Commune muSan Jose de Apartado, pamwe nePeace Brigades International neFellowship. kumadrugs-magandanga. YeKuyananisa.
Sekureva kwaMartinez, manyepo muRunyararo Runyararo akabatwa seHamas: pasi pekunyepedzera kwe "runyararo", kanzuru yakaramba kubvumidza mauto ehurumende kupinda munharaunda yayo, asi yaigara ichipa hutiziro hweFARC, kana gandanga rakaurayiwa, iye. yaigara ichifumurwa sevanhuwo zvavo.
Mungiki
Muna 2009, muvambi weWikileaks, nyanzvi yekombuta yekuAustralia Julian Assange, akagamuchira Mubairo weAmnesty International nebasa rake rekuferefeta kuurayiwa kwevanhu muKenya, uko muna 2008 mauto erufu akauraya vanhu vangangosvika mazana mashanu ikoko.
Achigashira mubairo uyu, Assange akadana chirevo chekupondwa uku "chiratidzo chesimba uye kukura kwevagari veKenya." "Kufumurwa kwemhondi idzi," akadaro Assange, "kunoitwa nebasa rakakura remasangano akaita seOscar Foundation."
Nehurombo, VaAssange vakakanganwa kutaura chinhu chimwe chakakosha. Vakaurayiwa vaive vekwaMungiki. Iri iboka rasatani rinogona kupinda murudzi rweKikuyu chete.
Bato iri rinoramba chiKristu uye rinoda kudzokera kutsika dzechivanhu dzemuAfrica. Zvakaoma kutaura kuti ndezvipi chaizvo zvinotendwa nenhengo dzeboka racho, nokuti chirango chokuburitsa chakavanzika rufu. Chero zvazvingava, vanozivikanwa kunwa ropa revanhu uye kubayira vana vane makore maviri. Mungiki aiita zvehutsotsi husina tsitsi uye hugandanga husina tsitsi - muna Chikumi 2007 chete, sechikamu chemushandirapamwe wehugandanga, boka rakauraya vanhu vanopfuura zana.
Julian Assange akapedza makore akati wandei muKenya uye haana kukwanisa kuita asi kuziva kuti zviremera zveKenya zvakapomera zvakananga Oscar Foundation yekuve pamberi paMungiki.
Izvi zvese zvinorevei?
Nzira yekunzwisisa sei zvose izvi? Zvingava here kuti vatsigiri vaMungiki vakahwanda vari kutogara muAmnesty International vachibaira vana vane makore maviri usiku?
Hazvigoneki. Chekutanga, vaKikuyu chete ndivo vanogona kuve nhengo dzeMungiki. Chechipiri, nhengo dzechitendero chaSatani haigoni kuva nhengo dzeAl-Qaeda panguva imwe chete.
Pamwe Amnesty International nemamwe masangano anorwira kodzero dzevanhu vanongofara zvavo vasingakwanise kutsungirira kunyangwe mhirizhonga diki? Hazvigoneki. Nekuti kunyangwe vanorwira kodzero dzevanhu vachishoropodza avo vanoparadza nyama yemhuka nemagandanga, havakurumidzi kuuya kumusasa weAl-Qaeda wekudzidzira uye kuparidza kusaita mhirizhonga ikoko.
Humbwende hwenjere uhu hunobvepi, uku kusakwanisa kushamisa kwemasvomhu ehunhu?
HRW
Francis weAssisi akatora mhiko yehurombo husingagumi uye akaparidzira kushiri. Asi nechekare pasi pemutsivi wake, kurongeka kweFranciscan kwakava imwe yevakapfuma uye kwete masangano asina hanya muEurope. Nekufamba kwekodzero dzevanhu pakupera kwezana ramakore rechi XNUMX, zvimwe chete zvakaitika nekuraira kweFrancisca.
Sangano rekare uye rine mukurumbira wemasangano ekodzero dzevanhu, Human Rights Watches, rakagadzirwa naRobert Bernstein muna 1978 kuti vatarise kuti USSR yaiita sei zvibvumirano zveHelsinki. Asi muna 1992, USSR yakaparara, uye HRW akaramba ari mupenyu. Uyezve, iye akakura bedzi; bhajeti rayo makumi emamiriyoni emadhora, mahofisi ari munyika makumi mapfumbamwe.
Uye muna Gumiguru 19, 2009, pakava nekunyomba kukuru: muvambi weHRW weOctogenarian akaonekwa muThe New York Times aine chinyorwa chaakatuka HRW nekusateerera misimboti uye nerutsigiro rwakagara rwuripo rweHamas neHezbollah, vachigara vakarerekera divi rimwe chete uye nekusabatwa zvakanaka. yaIsraeri.
Iwo manomano maviri anoshandiswa neHRW kugara achishoropodza Israeri ari nyore. Chekutanga kuramba kudzidza zvikonzero zvekukonana. HRW inoti, “Hatidzidzi zvikonzero zvokurwisana kwacho, tinodzidza kuti mapato ari mukurwisana anoremekedza sei kodzero dzevanhu.
Hukuru! Fungidzira kuti uri mukadzi arwiswa neshavi musango, iwe wokwanisa kumupfura. Kubva pakuona kwevanorwira kodzero dzevanhu kubva kuHRW, ndiwe uchava nemhosva.
Iyo "hatiferefete chikonzero" chinzvimbo chinoisa nemaune mupanduki wegandanga, ane zviwanikwa zvishoma, munzvimbo ine mukana kana ichienzaniswa nenyika inopindura kutyisa.
Yechipiri nzira iri nyore - kukanganisa, kunyarara uye nhema. Semuyenzaniso, mumushumo wa2007, HRW yakataura kuti Hezbollah yakanga isiri tsika "yekushandisa huwandu hwevanhu senhoo dzevanhu" uye panguva imwechete yakataura kuti yaive nehumbowo hwekuti mauto eIsrael "akananga vanhu nemaune." Pakaitika denda rekubhomba rekuPalestine muna 2002, HRW yakaburitsa zvinyorwa zvekutyorwa kwekodzero dzevanhu muIsrael. Zvakatora HRW imwe mwedzi ye5 kuti ibudise mushumo pamusoro pekuzviuraya mabhomba, uye makore 5 kusunungura mushumo pamusoro pekurwisa kweIsrael kubva kuGaza.
Muna 2009, HRW yakaenda kuSaudi Arabia, uko yakaunganidza mari yezvishumo zvinopokana neIsrael. Mamiriro ezvinhu ane kodzero dzevanhu muSaudi Arabia atoipa kupfuura muIsrael. Pamusoro pezvo, Saudi Arabia ndiyo inotsigira zvikuru hugandanga. Asi HRW haina basa nazvo.
Nzvimbo imwechete inotorwa neHRW muSri Lanka, uko mauto ehurumende ari kurwisana neLiberation Tigers yeTamil Eelam, sangano remagandanga rine hutsinye rakauraya makumi ezviuru zvevanhu uye rinoshandisa maTamil senhoo dzevanhu. Chero kuedza kwemauto ehurumende kurwisa, HRW inobva yazivisa kuti mauto ehurumende ari kunanga vanhuwo zvavo.
Amnesty International
Sangano rechipiri rekare uye rine mukurumbira wekodzero dzevanhu iAmnesty International. Yakatangwa muna 1961 negweta Peter Benenson; chikonzero chekutangwa chaive chinyorwa nezvevadzidzi vaviri vechiPutukezi vakakandwa mujeri kwemakore manomwe nekuti "vakanwa toast yerusununguko." Amnesty yakava nechokwadi chokuti vasungwa vehana muEurope vasunungurwa uye kuti vasungwa vezvamatongerwe enyika vawana kutongwa kwakanaka.
Asi pakutanga kwe90s, vasungwa vehana muEurope vakanga vanyangarika, uye panguva iyo ukuru hweAmnesty (pamwe chete nehurongwa hweFrancisca) hwakangowedzera: mamiriyoni e2,2 nhengo munyika dze150. Mubvunzo wakamuka: ndokuwana kupi vasungwa vehana vane kodzero dzinofanira kuchengetedzwa? Ehe, Amnesty yakakurudzira kodzero dzevakadzi uye nezve kudziya kwepasirese, asi zvakadaro, unoona, izvi hazvina kufanana: chinodiwa chikuru chevanhu vane hana chichagara chiri chevasungwa vehana, uye zviri nani muEurope kana America: muCongo. zvakaita sekuti zviri kure uye hazvifadzi.
Uye Amnesty yakawana vasungwa vayo vehana: muGuantanamo Bay. Nechekare kubva 1986 kusvika 2000, nyika ine nhamba huru yeAmnesty mishumo yaive United States, ine mishumo 136, ichiteverwa neIsrael. Nyika dzeNice dzakaita seUganda kana Congo dzaive dzisiri pakati pevakuru makumi manomwe vakatyora kodzero dzevanhu.
Uye mushure mekunge United States yazivisa "hondo yehugandanga", Amnesty yakazivisawo mushandirapamwe wayo: Kurwisa hugandanga nehutongi ("Kurwisa hugandanga nemutemo." - Approx. ed.). Uye sezvaunonzwisisa, villain mukuru mumushandirapamwe uyu aive asiri magandanga. Uye vaya vanorwisa hugandanga. Ani nani anorwa zvakanyanya ndiye mupambi mukuru.
Panyaya makumi maviri dziri muchikamu chino (kubva muna Zvita 20, 2010), imwe ine chekuita neTurkey, imwe ine chekuita neLibya, imwe ine chekuita neYemen (Amnesty inoda Yemen kuti irege kupira kodzero dzevanhu sezvavanotarisana neAl-Qa'ida), imwe inobata Pakistan ( Amnesty yakatsamwa kuti zviremera zvePakistan hazvidzivirire kodzero dzevanhu munzvimbo dzinogarwa neTaliban, kunyangwe hazvo zvakaoma kuona kuti vangaite sei izvi, nekuti kana mauto ePakistan akatanga kurwisa maTaliban, anozofanirwa kumira kubaira. kodzero dzevanhu pavanotarisana neAl-Qa 'ida). Mamwe maviri akatsaurirwa kuGreat Britain, uye gumi nemana asara akatsaurirwa kuGuantanamo Bay, CIA neUnited States.
Zvakaoma kurwisana nehugandanga. Kuti uite izvi, unofanirwa kukambaira nedumbu rako kuburikidza nemakomo, kusvetuka neparachute, kuisa upenyu hwako pangozi. Zvakanaka uye zviri nyore kurwira kururamisira kwemagandanga: nekuda kweizvi zvakakwana kutumira mapepanhau ekuti "kusarongeka kwemazuva ese" ("kusarurama kwezuva nezuva") kuri kuitika muGuantanamo uye kuti "hutungamiriri hwaObama hwatadza kuenderana nemashoko ayo. nekuita kwechokwadi kana zvasvika pakuzvidavirira uye kugadzirisa kutyorwa kwekodzero dzevanhu kunoitwa muzita re "kurwisa hugandanga" «).
Amnesty inotsanangura mutemo wayo sezvinotevera: tinonyora pamusoro penyika dzakabudirira kakawanda, nokuti mamiriro ezvinhu mavari igwaro revanhu vose. Ndinotya kuti tsanangudzo chaiyo yakasiyana. Kutsoropodza US kwakachengeteka kupfuura kushoropodza mhuka chaidzo. Uye vatsigiri vekushoropodza United States vari nyore kuwana.
Pane pfungwa yakareruka yemunhu: wolfhound yakarurama, cannibal haina kururama. Pane pfungwa yevanorwira kodzero dzevanhu: wolfhound haana kunaka nekuti akatyora kodzero dzevanodya nyama. Uye isu hatizobvunza vanodya nyama.
Ideology yeInternational bureaucracy
Chimiro chendangariro chokutsoropodza chakadaro kubudiriro yomunhu amene hachina kuvapo nguva dzose munhau yokuMadokero. Muzana ramakore rechiXNUMX, Europe yakakunda nyika uye haina kana kumbonetsekana nezvekodzero dzevanhu dzakatyorwa nazvo. Apo Cortes akaona zvibayiro zvine ropa zvevaAztec, haana kuwira muunyoro pamusoro pe "tsika dzakasiyana dzemunharaunda" dzinofanira kuchengetedzwa. MaBritish pavakabvisa tsika yekupisa chirikadzi muIndia, hazvina kufunga kuti vaityora kodzero dzechirikadzi dzaida kutevera varume vadzo.
Nguva iyo mafungiro aya akaonekwa uye, uyezve, yakava inenge hurukuro yakajairika yevakuru vepfungwa vekuMadokero, inogona kunzi nemazvo: iyi ndiyo 30s, nguva iyo Stalin akapa mari yeComintern uye akaita zvirongwa zvekukunda nyika yose. Yakanga iri panguva iyo "mapenzi anobatsira" (mumashoko aLenin) akaonekwa akawanda kuMadokero, ane unhu humwe hunoshamisa: kutsoropodza "bloody bourgeois regime", nokuda kwechimwe chikonzero havana kuona GulaAG panguva isina chinhu. .
Uku kupenga kwehungwaru kunoshamisa kwakaenderera, semuenzaniso, panguva yeHondo yeVietnam. Vekuruboshwe vekuruboshwe vakabuda munzira yavo kushora "hutsinye hwemauto eAmerica." Icho chidiki chekuti hondo yakatangwa kwete nemaAmerican, asi nemaKomonisiti, uye kuti kuViet Cong, kutyisa kwaingova zano, kuruboshwe neimwe nzira havana kuzviona.
Muenzaniso wekare weiyi mufananidzo wakakurumbira wakatorwa nemutori wemifananidzo Eddie Adams. Inoratidza General weVietnamese Nguyen Ngoc Lon achipfura bara kuViet Cong Nguyen Van Lem yakasungwa. Mufananidzo wacho wakatenderera pasirese sechiratidzo chehutsinye hwema imperialists. Chokwadi, Eddie Adams akazotaura kuti Viet Cong yakaurayiwa, yakaburitswa kunze kwemba, kwaakange auraya mhuri yese maminetsi mashoma apfuura, asi izvi zvakange zvisisakoshi kune kuruboshwe.
Bato remazuva ano rekodzero dzevanhu kuMadokero rakura kubva kuruboshwe rwakanyanya.
Uye kana kare kuruboshwe rwaiva mbavha dziri mumaoko ehurumende dzoudzvinyiriri, iko zvino rusununguko rwava fundamentalism rwava chibharo mumaoko emagandanga uye vanodya nyama.
Zvinangwa zveFARC, al-Qaeda kana maAfrica cannibals akasiyana zvakanyanya kubva kune mumwe nemumwe. Vamwe vanoda kuvaka communism, vamwe vanoda humambo hwaAllah, vamwe vanoda kudzokera kutsika dzechivanhu nenzira yehuroyi uye kudya nyama yevanhu. Vane chinhu chimwe chete chakafanana: kuvenga nyika yokuMadokero yakajairika. Ruvengo urwu rwakagoverwa nechikamu chikuru chevakasununguka vanoomerera kune magandanga.
“Saka, chokwadi, nei uchinetseka? - unobvunza. "Kana" varwi verunyararo" uye "mapenzi anobatsira" vakatadza kukunda Madokero apo masevhisi ane simba ehudzvinyiriri akamira kumashure kwavo, vangazviita izvozvi here?"
Dambudziko nderokuti kunyange hafu yezana remakore rapfuura, "varwi verugare" vainyanya kukoshesa, avo vaishandiswa sezvinodiwa nehutongi hwehudzvanyiriri. Iye zvino "kurwira kodzero dzevanhu" kwazova huzivi hweboka rose - kirasi yehutongi hwepasi rose.
"Mafuta ezvokudya"
Pano, zivana, murwi anoremekedzwa wekodzero dzevanhu Denis Holiday, mukuru weUnited Humanitarian Mission muIraq, uyezve nhengo ye "Freedom Flotilla", akaedza kuputsa kuvharidzirwa kweIsrael kweGaza Strip. Mushure mekunge UN yadzima chirongwa chemafuta-echikafu, VaHoliday vakasiya basa, vachizivisa pachena kuti UN naGeorge W. Bush vaiita kuuraya rudzi rwe "vanhu vasina mhosva veIraq."
Mushure mezvo, VaHoliday vakagadzira bhaisikopo pamusoro pevana mazana mashanu vekuIraq vakafa nekuda kweNazi Bush. Mutori wenhau David Edwards paakabvunza murwiri wekodzero dzevanhu Denis Holiday kana vakuru veIraq vaiba mishonga, Zororo rakatoshatirwa: "hapana chikonzero chekutaura ikoko zvachose."
Mutori wenhau David Edwards paakabvunza kuti sei, panguva iyo vana vekuIraq vaifa vasina mishonga, makumi ezviuru zvematani emishonga isina kugovewa akanga aungana mumatura eUN aitarisirwa neHoliday, Holiday akapindura pasina kurova ziso kuti mishonga iyi inofanira kupihwa munzvimbo yakaoma. : "Matura ane zvitoro zvisingagone kushandiswa nekuti zvakamirira zvimwe zvikamu zvakavharwa neSanctions Committee."
Zororo rakanga risiri iro rega hofisi yeUN isina kufara nekubviswa kwechirongwa chemafuta-echikafu. Mutsivi wake, Hans von Sproneck, akasiyawo basa, achishevedzera pachena, "Vagari vekuIraq vacharangwa kusvika riini nekuda kwechinhu chavasina kuita?" Mazuva maviri mushure mekusiya basa kwavon Sproneck, mukuru weWorld Food Programme muIran akateverawo.
Strange affair. Kubva pakuona kwekunzwisisa, mutoro wechisimba nehurombo huri kune avo vanokonzera mhirizhonga uye urombo. MuIraq aive Saddam Hussein. Asi vakuru vehurumende kubva kuUnited Nations vakaita zvakasiyana: vakapomera nyika yese pane zvaiitika muIraq, uye kwete mudzvanyiriri weropa, ivo pachavo, pamwe chete nemudzvanyiriri weropa, vakacheka mari pasi pechirongwa cheOil for Food.
Uye heino dambudziko diki rakadaro: kuitira kuti mari itemwe, vanhu vanofanira kutambura.
Nzara muEthiopia
Nzara muEthiopia pakati pe80s yakakonzera chiitiko chinoshamisa chemasangano anobatsira vanhu. Muna 1985 chete, konzati yeLive Aid, yaisanganisira Bob Dylan, Madonna, Mambokadzi, Led Zeppelin, yakaunganidza mamiriyoni mazana maviri nemakumi mana nemapfumbamwe emadhora kubatsira Ethiopia yakatarisana nenzara. Koniti iyi yakakokerwa naBob Geldof, aimbove muimbi werock akashandura kunyange muzvinabhizimisi ane mukurumbira anonyanya kubatsira muAfrica yakatarisana nenzara. Mazana emamiriyoni ekuwedzera akamutswa neChristian Aid.
Mamirioni haana chaakabatsira: vanhu vanopfuura miriyoni vakafa nenzara. Uye muna Kurume 2010, kunyomba kwakamuka: aimbova mupanduki wekuEthiopia Aregavi Berhe, akapokana neaimbova mukuru wevapanduki, uye zvino mukuru weEthiopia, Meles Zenawi, akaudza BBC kuti 95% yerubatsiro rwakaenda kunotenga. zvombo.
Zvaakataura zvakakonzera mheremhere. Bob Geldof akataura kuti "hapana chidimbu chechokwadi" mumashoko aBerhe. VaMax Peberdy, mutauriri weChristian Aid, vakati hapana nzira iyo rubatsiro rwaigona kubiwa, uye vakatopenda nependi kuti akatenga sei zviyo kubva kune vatengesi nemari.
Mukupindura, mumwe wevarwi vaitengesa zviyo kubva kuPeberdi akaudza kuti ainyepedzera sei kuva mutengesi wechiMuslim. Zita remurwi uyu ainzi Gebremedin Araya. Maererano naAraya, pakanga pane masaga ejecha pasi pemasaga ezviyo, uye mari iyo Araya yakagamuchira nokuda kwezviyo yakabva yaendeswa kune kutenga zvombo.
Dambudziko renzara muEthiopia harisi chete kuti vanhu vanopfuura miriyoni vakafa nayo. Asi kuti hurumende nevapanduki vakatamisa vanhu nemaune kuitira kuti vasvine mari yakawanda kubva mumaNGOs vachinyepera kutambura kwavo. Kuwana mari kubva kumaNGOs kwaisava mhedzisiro, asi chinangwa chenzara iyi yakarongwa nemaune.
Zvimwe chetezvo zviri kuitika muGaza Strip. Hamas (uye pamberi payo PLO - Palestine Liberation Organization) inochengetedza huwandu hwevanhu muhurombo kuitira kuti vashandise urombo uhwu sehutsika hwekubvisa mari kubva kumasangano anobatsira uye ehurumende. Somugumisiro, Hamas neNGOs vanova pombi inoputira mari kubva munyika yose kuenda kuGaza Strip, uye urombo hwehuwandu hwevanhu ndiyo mhepo yemhepo inoita kuti pombi ishande.
Zviri pachena kuti mumamiriro ezvinhu aya, HRW nemamwe maNGOs acharamba ari kudivi reHamas.
Mushure mezvose, kana Mr. Holiday naCo. vakapa rubatsiro rwevanhu kuvanhu veIsrael, mabasa avo haazogamuchirwi. Dziviriro yevanhu veIsrael inopiwa neHurumende yeIsrael, kwete nevanorwira kodzero dzevanhu. Uye nyika yeIsrael haifariri kushandura vanhu vayo kuva vanhu vasina pekugara, nerubatsiro rwematambudziko avo vakuru vezvematongerwo enyika vachapamba nekubvisa mari.
Chikamu chekugadzwa
Izvi zvichida ndiyo ine ngozi zvikuru. Liberal fundamentalists, sezvakangoita ma alarmist emamiriro ekunze, vanozviisa sevanopesana nekusimbiswa. Muchokwadi, ivo vagara vari chikamu chakabatanidzwa chekugadzwa, nechikamu chayo chakaipisisa chiri chehurumende yenyika.
Isu tinowanzo tsiura nyika nehutungamiriri. Asi nyika, chero zvazvingava, inofarira kuchengetedza vagari vayo uye kugadzirisa matambudziko avo. The international bureaucracy haina mhosva kune chero ani zvake.
Tinoudzwa kuti masangano anobatsira vanhu anobatsira kune nzara nemhirizhonga. Asi mukuita, zvakapesana chaizvo zvinoitika: uko masangano anobatsira vanhu anoenda, nzara nechisimba zvinogara nekusingaperi.
Naizvozvo, hurumende dziri kuedza kubata nemagandanga, semuColombia, nguva dzose ndidzo dzinonyanya kutsoropodzwa nevanodzivirira kodzero dzevanhu.
Uye, pane zvinopesana, hurumende dzinotyisa, dzakadai seGaza Strip kana muEthiopia, dzinova mubatanidzwa weNGOs, dzisingakwanisi kuronga hupfumi munyika yavo, asi dzinokwanisa kuronga mhirizhonga uye nzara kuitira kugamuchira mari kubva kunharaunda dzepasirese.
Kurwira kodzero dzevanhu kwakaunza rudzi rutsva rwehugandanga: magandanga ayo, saHamas, asingatsvaki zvakanyanya kuparadza vana vevamwe vanhu sezvavanoda kuona kuti kutsiva kweIsrael kunoparadza vana vazhinji vePalestine. Kurwira kodzero dzevanhu kwakatungamira kurudzi rutsva rwemanyepo-nyika: aya anotyisa enclaves anotongwa nehutongi hunotyisa hwaisazorarama munyika yakajairika uye yaizokundwa kana kuparadzwa. Asi mari kubva kumaNGOs uye kurambidzwa kwehondo yekurwisa nzvimbo dzakadai inovabvumira kuchengetedza huwandu hwevanhu vari mumamiriro ehutsinye, uye vepamusoro vavo kuti vafarire simba rakakwana.
mhedziso
Thesis yekutanga yesangano rekodzero dzevanhu iri nyore. Tinofanira kuchengetedza kodzero dzevanhu, chero angava ani. Ndinofanira kutaura kuti thesis iyi yakakanganiswa. Inopesana nechirevo chikuru chemaitiro evanhu: uipi hunofanira kurangwa. Munhu anofanira kuita sarudzo.
Inopesana nezvose zvatinodzidziswa nengano uye zvinyorwa pamusoro pegamba, rakanaka nerakaipa. Panyaya yekodzero dzevanhu, Hercules haasi gamba, asi tsotsi rehondo. Haana kuremekedza kodzero dzeLernean Hydra uye kodzero dzaMambo Diomedes, uyo akadyisa vanhu kumabhiza ake.
Kubva pakuona kwekodzero dzevanhu, Odysseus itsotsi rehondo; pasina kutongwa, akauraya Polyphemus, uyezve, achirwisa yake, Polyphemus, nharaunda. Theseus, Perseus, Siegfried, Yoshitsune - vose matsotsi. Gilgamesh anofanirwa kutongwa muHague, uye Prince Hamlet, akauraya baba vake vokurera pasina kutongwa, anofanira kunyorwa neAmnesty International.
Vese avo vanonzi nevanhu magamba, vanorwira kodzero dzevanhu vanofanirwa kufunga nezvematsotsi ehondo. Kudzivirirwa kwekodzero dzevanhu kunogumisa pfungwa yehondo, nokuti hondo ndipo apo vanhu vanourayiwa pasina kutongwa. Zvakanaka kurega hondo, asi zvakadini kana muvengi wako akasairamba? Kana ndangariro dzangu dzichindishandira zvakanaka, vakanga vasiri vafiri vechitendero vekuAmerica paArab Boeings vakarovera muKaaba, yakanga iri imwe nzira.
Dai CNN yaivepo munguva yeHondo Yenyika II, maAllies angadai asina kumbokunda kurwisa Hitler. "Mushure mekubhomba kweDresden, Goebbels angadai asina kusiya zvidzitiro nezvitunha zvevana veDresden mumaoko ake," Garry Kasparov akadaro achindinyomba muhurukuro yakavanzika.
Kana hondo ipi neipi ichionekwa sekutyorwa kwekodzero dzevanhu, izvi zvinotungamirira kumugumisiro unoshamisa: divi rinodzivirira rinova nemhosva. Mushure mezvose, unoona, izvi zvine musoro: kana iwe ukasapindura kurwiswa, ipapo hakuzovi nehondo. Izvi zvinoreva kuti havasi ivo vakarwisa vane mhosva, asi avo vanosarudza kuzvidzivirira.
Vakasununguka vane vavariro dzakanaka. Asi mugwagwa unoenda kugehena wakagadzirwa nevavariro dzakanaka. Takararama kwemakore 70 munyika yaivawo nevavariro dzakanaka. Nyika ino yakavaka communism uye yakavimbisa munhu wese dzidzo yemahara nemishonga yemahara. Asi chokwadi, mushonga wemahara wakashanduka kuita danga pachinzvimbo chechipatara. Mimwe misimboti yakanaka chaizvo inoshanduka kuita zvinopesana nezvayo. Nheyo yekuti "tinofanira kuchengetedza kodzero dzemunhu wese" ndeimwe yayo.
Asi izvi hazvina kukwana. Sezviri pachena, kana pakanga pasina kutongwa kweichi kana kuti munhu iyeye, kana kuti zvinoratidzika kwatiri kuti kodzero dzake hadzina kuchengetwa zvakanaka, ipapo maererano nomunhu uyu tinofanira kutungamirirwa nokunzwisisa. Yakanga isipo. Kudzivirirwa kwekodzero dzevanhu kunoshanduka kuva kuchengetedzwa kwekodzero dzegandanga. Varwiri vekodzero dzevanhu havatungamirirwe nepfungwa kana chokwadi. Semaonero avo, zvese zvinotaurwa negandanga zviri pachena kuti ndezvechokwadi, uye zvese zvinotaurwa nehurumende manyepo. Izvi zvinoita kuti magandanga aite mapoka ose kuti anyepere vanorwira kodzero dzevanhu. Uyezve, vanochinja maitiro. Kana magandanga ekare aishandisa vakadzi vavo nevana senhoo dzevanhu, iye zvino vanoshevedzera moto nemaune. Iye zvino chinangwa cheHamas, kuisa maroketi pamatenga ezvikoro uye zvivakwa zvefurati, ndechekuita kuti maIsraeli vauraye vanhuwo zvavo vakawanda sezvinobvira nekudzorera kupfuti.
Nei maNGOs ekodzero dzevanhu achitenda zvese zvinotaurwa nemagandanga? Sei vachitenda nhengo yeAl-Qaeda Moazzam Begg iye ari kureva nhema pachena? Nekuti bato rekodzero dzevanhu rave pfungwa yehutongi hwepasirese. MuGaza Strip, vane makore mashanu okukura vari kudzidza kufora nepfuti; vanoratidzwa makatuni pamusoro pekuuraya vaJudha. Hamas inochengeta huwandu hwechikamu mukutsamira kwakakwana; bhizinesi chero ripi zvaro rinobhadhariswa mutero weHamas, panguva yeOp Operation Cast Lead, nhengo dzeHamas hadzina kugogodza tangi imwe chete yeIsrael, hadzina kupfura chikopokopo chimwe chete, asi vakashandisa nguva ino kusunga nekuuraya vanopfuura zana veFatah. Vakatora nguva yekutambudza vanhu ava pamuzinda wavo, wakaiswa muchipatara muRafah, kwavakadzinga vanorwara nevakakuvadzwa.
Hamas inoda kuparadzwa kweNyika yeIsrael nemaJuda ese uye inoti kana Israeri ikasatenderana, zvinoreva kuti haidi kubvumirana. Sei vadziviriri vekodzero dzevanhu vachiwanzova kudivi reHamas kwete kudivi reIsrael? Nokuti ivo, pamwe chete neHamas, ndivo vane mari.
Kudzivirirwa kwekodzero dzevanhu, yave hurukuro inowanzoshandiswa, yakasvika mukupokana kunoshamisa nepfungwa. Mabhuku nemafirimu anotidzidzisa chimwe chinhu, nhau chimwe. Isu tinoudzwa munhau kuti "Harry Potter akauraya Lord Voldemort pasina kutongwa" uye kuti "Zviuru zvevanhu zvakafa uye akawanda ekuzviuraya uye njodzi zvakaitika panguva yehondo yaPotter naVoldemort." Handifungi kuti zvakakosha kutaura kuti Voldemort ndiye anokonzera njodzi.
Ugandanga rudzi rutsva rwehutsinye. Mutorwa anoremekedza simba chete, saka budiriro inofanira kusimba kupfuura mutorwa. Kana akapfuma kana kuchengetedzeka, hapana zvazvinoreva. Budiriro inofanira kunge yakasimba.
Tinoudzwa kuti: "Tinofanira kuchengetedza kodzero dzemunhu chero upi zvake, nekuti kana nhasi hurumende ikatyora kodzero dzeAnwar al-Awlaki, mangwana ichatyora kodzero dzako." Asi, varume, uku ndiko demagoguery! "Nhasi anotamba jazz, uye mangwana achatengesa nyika yake." Kana Harry Potter akaparadza Ishe Voldemort pasina kutongwa, izvi hazvirevi kuti mangwana achapisa Hermione Granger pasina kutongwa uye kuongorora.
Tinoudzwa kuti: "Munhu wese, kunyangwe akaipa kwazvo, ane kodzero yekutongwa." Asi mumamiriro ezvinhu apo kutongwa kusingabviri, izvi zvinoshanduka kuva kusava nemhosva kune magandanga. Nyika ine nhamo, panzvimbo yekuti magamba arwise huipi, pangosara vanorwira kodzero dzevanhu vari kurwisana nemagamba. “Kubvumirana pane zvisina kufanira nezvakaipa imhosva,” Thomas Mann akadaro nezvechifashi. Ini ndichawedzera: kudzivirira kodzero dzaIshe Voldemort hazvina maturo.
Wolfhound ichokwadi. Cannibal - kwete.