Gore rega rega, vanhu makumi mana vanobatwa nekusungwa kwemoyo muFrance, iine mwero wekupona mukushaikwa kwekukurumidza kurapwa kwe40 chete%. Munzvimbo dzakashongedzerwa ne otomatiki ekunze defibrillators (AEDs), nhamba iyi inogona kuwanda ne000 kana 8. Kubva 4, munhu wese anogona uye anofanirwa kushandisa AED, uye nzvimbo dzinowanikwa veruzhinji dzinayo.

Chii chinonzi kusungwa kwemoyo?

Anobatwa nekusungwa kwemoyo haana chaanoziva, haapindure, uye haachafemi (kana kufema zvisina kujairika). Muna 45% yezviitiko, kusungwa kwemoyo kunokonzerwa ne ventricular fibrillation inozviratidza nekukurumidza uye anarchic beats. Moyo haugone kuita pombi basa rekutumira ropa kunhengo, kunyanya uropi. Muna 92% yematambudziko, kusungwa kwemoyo kunouraya kana kukasatariswa nekukurumidza.

Iyo defibrillator, nekuendesa kuvhunduka kwemagetsi kune inosemesa yemoyo mhasuru, inogona kudzorerazve maseru emoyo kuitira kuti moyo utange kurova pamwero wakasarudzika.

Kuumbwa kwe otomatiki ekunze defibrillator (AED)

AED jenareta yemagetsi emagetsi inoshanda yakazvimiririra. Iine:

• chivhariso chemagetsi chinoita kuti zvikwanise kuendesa magetsi emagetsi ehurefu hwakaenzana, chimiro uye kusimba;
• ma electrode maviri ehupamhi uye akati sandara chimiro kuti aunze kuvhunduka kwemagetsi kune akabatwa;
• kititi chekubatsira chekutanga chine chigero, reza, macompress.

Otomatiki ekunze defibrillators ndeaya:

• kana semi-otomatiki (DSA): vanoongorora chiitiko chemoyo uye vorayira mushandisi pane zvekuita (manejimendi yekuvhunduka kwemagetsi kana kwete);
• kana zvizere otomatiki (DEA): ivo vanoongorora zvinoitwa nemoyo uye vanonunura iyo yemagetsi kuvhunduka pachavo kana zvichidikanwa.

Basa reAED nderekuongorora mashandiro emagetsi emutsipa wemwoyo uye nekufunga kana zvichikosha kuti uite kushamisika kwemagetsi. Chinangwa chekuvhunduka kwemagetsi ndechekudzorera chiitiko chakajairika mumhasuru yemwoyo.

Cardiac defibrillation, kana cardioversion

Iyo defibrillator inoona iyo yemoyo arrhythmia uye inoiongorora: kana iri ventricular fibrillation, inozopa mvumo yekuvhunduka kwemagetsi iyo ichaverengerwa musimba uye nekureba maererano nematanho akasiyana, kunyanya avhareji yemuviri kuramba kune yazvino. yemunhu akabatwa (iyo impedance).

Kuunzwa kwemagetsi kwepfupi ipfupi uye kwakasimba. Chinangwa chayo ndechekudzoreredza inoenderana magetsi chiitiko mumoyo. Defibrillation inonzi zvakare cardioversion.

Veruzhinji vane hanya kana vari panjodzi

Iyo defibrillator inofanira kungoshandiswa chete kana munhu akabatwa asingazivi uye asiri kufema (kana zvakanyanya zvakaipa).

• Kana munhu akuvadzwa asina chaanoziva asi achifema zvakajairika, hazvisi zvekusungwa kwemoyo: anofanira kubva aiswa munzvimbo yekuchengetedza yakatarisana (PLS) uye osheedzera rubatsiro;
• Kana munhu akuvadzwa achinyunyuta uye achinyunyuta nezvekurwadziwa muchipfuva, kungave kuri kupisa maoko kana musoro, nekufema, kudikitira, kupora zvakanyanya, kunzwa kuda kusvotwa kana kurutsa, uku pamwe kurwara kwemoyo. Iwe unofanirwa kumuvimbisa uye kufonera rubatsiro.

Iyo reactivity yezvapupu kusungwa kwemoyo inowedzera mikana yekurarama kwevakabatwa. Mineti yega yega kuverenga: miniti imwe yakarasika = 10% kushoma mukana wekupona. Saka zvakakosha kutikurumidza kuita chiito uye usavhunduke.

Nguva yekushandisa iyo defibrillator

Kushandisa defibrillator hachisi chinhu chekutanga kuita kana iwe uchiona kusungwa kwemoyo. Kumutswa kwemoyo kunofanirwa kutevera mamwe matanho kuti ubudirire:

1. Fonera ve emergency emergency pa15, 18 kana 112;
2. Tarisa kuti munhu ari kufema here kana kuti kwete;
3. Kana asiri kufema, mumuise pakapfava, pakaoma uye wotanga kukwiza moyo: kumwe kumanikidza makumi matatu nekufema kwechipiri, pachiyero che30 kusvika 2 kudzvanya paminiti;
4. Panguva imwecheteyo, batidza defibrillator uye uteedzere rairo dzinopihwa nekutungamira kwezwi, uchiri kuenderera mberi nekushambadza kwemoyo;
5. Mirira rubatsiro.

Maitiro ekushandisa defibrillator?

Iko kushandiswa kwe otomatiki defibrillator inowanikwa kune wese munhu nekuti iwo mirairo inopihwa nemuromo panguva yekupindira. Simply rega utungamirirwe.

Chinhu chekutanga kuita kuvhura chishandiso, nekudzvanya iyo on / off bhatani kana kungovhura iyo butiro. Ipapo a kutungamira kwezwi inotungamira mushandisi nhanho nhanho.

Kuvanhu vakuru

1. Tarisa kuti nyajambwa haana kurara pasi akabatana nemvura kana simbi inoitisa;
2. Bvisa torso yake (cheka mbatya dzake kana zvichidikanwa nekero kubva kune yekutanga rubatsiro kit). Ganda harifanirwe kunge riine hunyoro kana riine vhudzi rakanyanya kuti ma electrode anyatsotevedza (kana zvichidikanwa, shandisa reza kubva kune yekutanga kit kit);
3. Bvisa ma electrode uabatanidze kubato remagetsi kana zvisati zvaitwa;
4. Isa ma electrode sezvakaratidzwa kune ese mativi emoyo: imwe electrode pasi peclavicle yekurudyi uye yechipiri pasi pehapwa yekuruboshwe (magetsi emagetsi anogona kudaro kupfuura nemumhasuru yemwoyo);
5. Iyo defibrillator inotanga kuongorora kurova kwemoyo wemunhu wacho. Izvo zvakakosha kuti usabata akabatwa panguva yekuwongorora kuti usakanganisa mhedzisiro. Kuongorora uku kuchadzokororwa maminetsi maviri ega ega mumashure;
6. Kana mhedzisiro yekuongorora ikakurudzira, kuvhunduka kwemagetsi kuchaitwa: kungave mushandisi ndiye anokonzeresa kuvhunduka (mune maAEDs), kana iri defibrillator iyo inoitisa iyo otomatiki (mune maAEDs). Muzviitiko zvese, kutarisirwa kunofanirwa kutorwa kuti kuve nechokwadi kuti hapana munhu anosangana neanobiwa panguva yekuvhunduka;
7. Usabatanidze defibrillator uye mirira rubatsiro;
8. Kana munhu wacho atanga kufema asi achifenda, muise muPLS.

Kune vana nevacheche

Maitiro acho akafanana nevakuru. Dzimwe defibrillators dzine mapedhi evana. Zvikasadaro, shandisa vakuru ma electrode nekuvaisa mune antero-posterior chinzvimbo: imwe kumberi pakati pechipfuva, imwe kumashure pakati pemapfudzi mapepa.

Maitiro ekufunga kana uchisarudza iyo AED

• Farira chiratidzo chinozivikanwa mune yekutanga indasitiri yekubatsira, CE yakasimbiswa (EU mutemo 2017/745) uye inovimbiswa nemugadziri;
• Yekurovera pamoyo kuona chikumbaridzo che150 microvolts mashoma;
• Kuvapo kwerubatsiro rwekusimbisa moyo;
• Simba rekuvhunduka rakashandurwa kune impedance yemunhu: yekutanga kuvhunduka kwemakumi mashanu emajoules, anotevera kukatyamadza kwekukwirira kwakanyanya;
• Yakanaka mhando magetsi (bhatiri, mabhatiri);
• Otomatiki kugadzirisa maererano neERC uye AHA (American Heart Association) nhungamiro;
• Kubvira kwesarudzo yemitauro (yakakosha munzvimbo dzevashanyi).
• Dziviriro indekisi kubva kuguruva nemvura: IP 54 mashoma.
• Mutengo wekutenga uye kugadzirisa.

Ndekupi kwekuisa defibrillator?

Iyo otomatiki yekunze defibrillator rave riri kirasi yechitatu yekurapa mudziyo kubva 2020. Inofanirwa kuve inowanika nyore mune isingasviki maminetsi mashanu uye kuti iite kuti ionekwe nemasaini akajeka. Kuvapo kwayo nenzvimbo zvinofanirwa kuzivikanwa kune vese vanhu vanoshanda munzvimbo inosanganisirwa.

Kubva 2020, zvese zvivakwa zvinogamuchira vanhu vanopfuura mazana matatu vanofanirwa kuve vakagadzirirwa neAED, uye panosvika 300, mamwe akawanda masisitendi achabatwawo.