Mukati
Yakanga iri kare muSoviet Nyika Yedu kuti ficuses yaive chiratidzo chemabhunu. Iye zvino chirimwa ichi chinobatwa zvakasiyana. Munyika dzeAsia, uko ficus inobva, vanoisa kukosha kwayo kwakakosha. Semuenzaniso, kana iwe ukapa ficus muChina, zvinoreva kuti nekutadza unoshuvira muridzi wehupenyu hurefu uye kubudirira. MuThailand, ficus chiratidzo cheguta guru. Uye muSri Lanka kune ficus yemakore 150, iyo inoremekedzwa zvinenge semwari.
Uye zviratidzo zvekumabvazuva zvinotiwo: kana iwe ukapa ficus kune vakaroorana vasina vana, uye inotora midzi zvakanaka uye inotanga kukura nokukurumidza, ipapo mwana akamirirwa kwenguva refu achakurumidza kuonekwa mumba.
- Paunenge uchitenga ficus yaBenjamin, rangarira - idiki uye compact chete kwekutanga 5 - 7 makore, - anoyambira. Tatyana Zhashkova, sachigaro wekirabhu yeMoscow Flower Growers. - Ficus yangu yatove nemakore anopfuura makumi maviri, uye yatove muti une simba, unotambanuka une hunde inopenya uye korona kusvika padenga. Saka gadzirira chokwadi chekuti nekufamba kwenguva chipfuyo chako chinogona kuda nzvimbo yakawanda.
Mhando dzakasiyana dze ficus Benjamin
Ficus benjamina (Ficus benjamina) inokosheswa nemashizha ayo akanaka - mumiti yemhando iyo yakasvibira yakasvibira, oval, 5-12 cm kureba uye 2-5 cm yakafara (1). Kune zvakawanda zvakasiyana-siyana zveficus iyi, izvo zvisingashamisi - chirimwa ichi chinofarirwa zvikuru nevarimi vemaruva. Uye varimi, vachiedza kufadza zvikumbiro, vakaunza sarudzo dzinonakidza:
- Anastasia - nemashizha akasvibirira, akashongedzwa nemuganhu wakajeka wegirini;
- Baroque - madiki-mashizha akasiyana-siyana, umo mashizha anoputirwa muchubhu;
- Buklee - nemashizha akamonyoroka zvishoma mukati;
- Wiandi - mashizha maduku ane mashizha akasvibirira uye trunk yakasvibiswa, iyo inoita kuti muti uite sebhonsai;
- Mambo Wendarama - ine mashizha egirini ane mutsara weyero wakajeka kumucheto;
- Golden Monique (Golden Monique) - nemashizha akajeka akasvibira-goridhe, akasimba akasimba pamucheto, uye rima rakasvibirira rakasvibirira pamwe nepakati pevheini;
- Curly - kunonoka kukura kwakasiyana nemashizha akaremara zvakanyanya kuchena;
- Monique (Monique) - nemashizha akasvibira emarara;
- Naomi (Naomi) - nemashizha akasvibira, zvishoma zvishoma pamucheto;
- Naomi Goridhe - mashizha ayo madiki akapendwa muruvara rwegirini yakasvibira nepakati nepakati, asi nezera vanove vakasvibira;
- Samantha - nemashizha egrey-girini ane mutsara mutete mutsvuku pamucheto;
- safari - madiki-mashizha akasiyana-siyana ane mashizha akasvibirira akashongedzwa nemafuta ekrimu;
- Nyeredzi (Starlight) - ine mashizha mazhinji machena, akanaka kwazvo, asi anoyevedza: pakutyorwa kudiki kwekutarisira, mashizha ayo anodonha.
| Lighting | Chiedza chakapararira chakajeka |
| tembiricha | Muzhizha - 22 - 28 ° С, muchando - 12 - 16 ° С |
| Kudiridza | Zvine mwero - usabvumira kuwandisa uye kuvhara mvura kwevhu |
| Mhepo nyoro | Zvinokurudzirwa kumwaya 2 - 3 kanomwe pavhiki |
| ivhu | Tenga ivhu rekushongedza mashizha mashizha, kwaunoda kuwedzera soddy ivhu, jecha, mashizha humus |
| Kudyisa | Kubvumbi-Gunyana - 1 nguva mumavhiki maviri ane fetireza yakaoma yezvirimwa zvekushongedza uye zvinodonha kana kunyanya yeficuses, Gumiguru-Kurume - 2 nguva mumwedzi 1 ine mafetireza mamwe chete. |
| Dhinda | Mudiki, kusvika kumakore manomwe - pagore, munaKurume-Kubvumbi, vakuru - 7 nguva mu1 - 3 makore. |
| Trimming | Kugadzira - mukupera kwaApril - kutanga kwaMarch |
| Maruva | Haitumbuki |
| Nguva yekuzorora | Gumiguru-Kurume |
| Kubereka | Cuttings, layering |
| mhuka | Scale tupembenene, mealybug, spider mite |
| Zvirwere | Kuora kwemidzi, anthracnose, cercosporosis |
Benjamin ficus kutarisira kumba
Ficus Benjamin kazhinji haazvirereki, asi ane hanya nekutyorwa kwakanyanya kwehunyanzvi hwekurima. Uye kazhinji kacho mhando dzakasiyana dzine capricious.
Ground
Ivhu reBenjamin ficus rinofanira kunge rakaorera, rinonyorova uye rinofema. Iwe unogona kutenga ivhu rekushongedza mashizha mashizha muchitoro, asi zvinobatsira kuwedzera ivhu resodhi, jecha, uye mashizha humus kwairi.
tembiricha
Ficus Benjamin is thermophilic - muzhizha inoda tembiricha ye22 - 28 ° C, muchando zvishoma - 12 - 16 ° C (2). Kana kukatonhora, chirimwa chinodonha mashizha. Uye haakwanise kumira dhizaini.
Lighting
Chirimwa ichi chinoda chiedza chakapararira. Direct chiedza chezuva contraindicated kwaari, saka haana nzvimbo kumaodzanyemba uye kumabvazuva windowsills. Pane idzi makadhiini, zviri nani kuiisa pasi pedyo nehwindo. Uye pamahwindo ekumadokero nekuchamhembe, inogona kukura pahwindo.
Asi izvi zvinoshanda kune marudzi ane mashizha akasvibira. Kana mashizha eficus yako akashongedzwa nemavara machena, mavara kana muganho wakachena, saka chirimwa ichi chinoda mwenje wakawanda kuchengetedza ruvara. Asi zvakadaro, dzivisa chiedza chezuva kuitira kuti usapisa chirimwa.
unyoro
Ficus Benjamin muchikamu haashiviriri zvese kusanaya kwemvura uye kufashukira. Kana pasina hunyoro hwakakwana, mashizha anotanga kushanduka uye anodonha nokukurumidza. Uye kana pane kazhinji kumira kwehunyoro mupani, ipapo simiti inotanga kukuvadza - midzi inoora. Nokudaro, hafu yeawa mushure mekudiridza, mvura yakawandisa inodururwa kunze kwepani.
Munguva yechando, nemabhatiri anomhanya, iwe unofanirwa kupfapfaidza chirimwa kakawanda kupfuura muzhizha. Unogona kuisa mudziyo wemvura pedyo nepoto kana pasina humidifier. Asi munguva yechando unogona kudiridza zvishoma - kamwe pavhiki kana kunyange imwe nehafu.
Fetereza nekuisa fetiraiza
Muzhizha, ficus yaBenjamin inodyiswa kamwe chete mavhiki e1 nefetereza yakaoma yezvirimwa zvekushongedza uye zvinomera kana kunyanya ficuses. Munguva yechando, kupfeka kwepamusoro kunodiwawo, asi zvishoma kazhinji - 2 nguva mumavhiki 1 - 6.
Trimming
Ficus inokura nekukurumidza, nhungirwa dzechidiki dzinoshanduka zvakanyanya. Uye kana vasina kupfupiswa munguva, chirimwa chinotambanudza zvakanyanyisa kureba. Naizvozvo, iwe unofanirwa kucheka nguva nenguva. Uyezve, mudiki muti, zviri nani. Zvichanyanya kuoma kuumba iyo yakakura yakaoma hofori.
Kuchekerera kunoitwa muchirimo, pakupera kwaKurume - kutanga kwaApril. Uyezve, vanoita neficus, semiti iri munyika - vanopfupisa matavi akareba zvakanyanya, vanocheka matavi anotungamirirwa mukati mekorona. Muchirimo, chekerera kana kudzvanya nhungirwa dziri kunze kwemufananidzo wakazara. Kuchekerera nekudzvanya kunomira pakupera kwaGunyana kuitira kuchengetedza chikafu chiri mumatavi nemashizha.
Kudzivirira hosha dzefungal, zvikamu zvinogona kusaswa nemarasha akabatidzwa kana kuvharwa negadheni pitch.
Kuberekwa kwe ficus Benjamin kumba
Pane nzira mbiri dzekuparadzira Ficus Benjamin kumba, uye hapana kana imwe yadzo inogona kunzi iri nyore.
Cuttings. Hazvina zvachose zvakakosha kutema chete kumusoro kweizvi. Side rails ichashanda zvakare. Asi zvakakosha kufunga nezve mashoma nuances:
- muti wacho unofanira kunge wakakura;
- Nheyo yembeu yeramangwana inofanira kuva semi-lignified, kureva, ichiri kushanduka, asi isisiri yakasvibirira (green cuttings haizoiti midzi, asi inongofa), zvisinei, kana chete matavi e-lignified aripo, ipapo panewo mukana. navo;
- pahunde-mubato panofanira kuva kubva pa4 kusvika ku6 mashizha asina kuvhurika.
Muto wemukaka pakucheka unofanirwa kushambidzwa zvakanaka kana kubviswa nemucheka, mashizha ezasi anogonawo kubviswa.
Kana chete matavi e-lignified aripo, saka unoda kunyatsocheka chigadziko muzvikamu zvakawanda nebanga rakapinza. Kudzivirira kucheka kubva pakubata, mutambo unogona kuiswa pakati pavo. Nokudaro, isu, sokunge zvakadaro, tinoumba midzi yeramangwana uye tinokurudzira kuumbwa kwemidzi.
Ipapo kucheka kunoda kuiswa mumvura, kana kudyarwa muchiedza substrate yembesa kana perlite. Kana uchidyara zvidimbu muvhu, ronga chimwe chinhu chakaita segreenhouse, uchivhara pamusoro nebhegi repurasitiki kana kapu yepurasitiki yakareba kana bhodhoro repurasitiki rakachekwa.
Kana imba yacho ichidziya zvakakwana (kwete pasi pe20 ° C), ipapo midzi inoumbwa mushure memavhiki maviri - matatu. Pavanenge vasimba (mushure memamwe mavhiki mashoma), unogona kutamisa dzinde kunzvimbo inogara muhari. Masvondo mashoma ekutanga, unogona kuenderera mberi negreenhouse effect, uchivhara mbeu, woibvisa woitumira kune "mukuru" kushambira.
Akaturikidzana. Iyi sarudzo yakakodzera kumera yekare yakakura inozeza kuumba nhungirwa diki, asi panguva imwechete zvese zvakafukidzwa nevakuru lignified shoots.
Nekuchenjerera, uchiedza kusabata huni, ita annular kucheka pabark yeimwe yepfuti, uchinyatsobvisa kumusoro. Bata iyo yakafumurwa yemiti yemiti ine stimulator yekukura uye uiputire nemvura sphagnum kana musanganiswa wakavakirwa pairi. Nyatsogadzirisa chimiro nefirimu, kunyatsogadzirisa mitsetse netambo kana tepi.
Mushure mechinguva, midzi yakaumbwa inozoonekwa kuburikidza nefirimu. Inofanira kunyatsochekwa pasi pemidzi uye yakasimwa nenzira yakajairika. Nzvimbo yakachekwa pachirimwa chevakuru inofanira kucheneswa nemarasha akabatidzwa kana kuti gadheni.
Ficus Benjamin transplant kumba
Iyo mudiki iyo ficus, kazhinji inoda kudyarwazve, nekuti midzi inokura nekukurumidza sematavi. Zvinokurudzirwa kudyara zvirimwa zvidiki (kusvika kumakore manomwe) gore rega rega nekuchinjisa muhari yakakura zvishoma (inenge 7-2 cm yakakura muhupamhi, sezvo midzi iri kushingaira kukura).
Zvidyarwa zvekare zvinosimwa kamwechete mumakore 1 - 2, kana kunyange zvishoma. Ita shuwa kuti midzi hairatidzi kubva mugomba remvura - ichi chichava chiratidzo chekuti hari yeficus yako yatove diki.
Kana chirimwa chatove nemakore anopfuura gumi nemaviri, saka panzvimbo yekudyara, unogona kungotsiva dhizaini repamusoro substrate.
Zvirwere zve ficus benjamin
Rudzi urwu rweficus runowanzo kurwara, saka zvakakosha kuti uvazive nekukurumidza sezvinobvira kuti utange kurapwa nenguva.
Root kuora. Kana midzi yeficus yakaora, mashizha anokurumidza kutanga kushanduka, obva asviba uye odonha. Uye chikonzero chechirwere ichi chinowanzoita mvura yevhu.
Kuora kwemidzi kunogona kurapwa chete mukutanga. Zvakakosha kubvisa chirimwa chakakanganisika, kubvisa midzi yose yakaora, kushambidza midzi mumhinduro isina simba ye potassium permanganate, iomese, uye woidyara muhari itsva ine ivhu idzva.
Nekukundwa kwakasimba, simiti haigoni kuponeswa. Asi iwe unogona kucheka kucheka kubva pairi uye edza kudzidzura.
Anthracnose. Zviratidzo zvechirwere ichi fungal mavara ebrown pamashizha. Zvishoma nezvishoma, vanokura uye vanova semaronda. Mashizha anodonha. Nekukuvadza kwakanyanya, muti unofa.
Fitosporin kana Alirin vakakodzera kurapwa kwechirwere ichi (3).
Cercosporosis. Ichi zvakare chirwere chefungal, uye zviratidzo zvaro zvekutanga zvinoonekwa pasi pemashizha - aya ndiwo mavara madema. Muchirimwa chinorwara, mashizha anotanga kushanduka yero uye anodonha, izvo zvinogona kutungamirira kurufu rwayo.
Chirwere ichi chinogona kurapwa nemishonga imwe chete inoshandiswa kurapa anthracnose – Fitosporin naAlirin (3).
Ficus benjamin zvipembenene
Kazhinji, ficus yaBenjamin inobatwa zvipembenene, mealybugs и dandemutande. Iwe unogona kuvabvisa nerubatsiro rweimwe mishonga - Actellika (3). Asi kana iri chipembenene chescale kana kuti hutachiona huzhinji hune humwe tupukanana, kurapwa kwakawanda kunodiwa.
Mibvunzo nemhinduro dzakakurumbira
Takataura nezve matambudziko mukukura ficus Benjamin nayo agronomist-breeder Svetlana Mikhailova.
Iripi nyika yeficus Benjamin?
Ungasarudza sei ficus Benjamin?
Uye yeuka kuti mhando dzine ruvara rweshizha dzisina kujairika dzinonyanya kupenga, kazhinji hadziregereri kukanganisa mukutarisira.
Sei ficus benjamin mashizha achidonha?
Sei mashizha eficus benjamin achishanduka yero?
Zvitubu zve
- Visyashcheva LV, Sokolova TA Industrial floriculture. Bhuku rezvidzidzo zvezvikoro zvehunyanzvi // M.: Agropromizdat, 1991 - 368 p.
- Tulintsev VG Floriculture ine nheyo dzekusarudza uye kugadzirwa kwembeu // Stroyizdat, Leningrad bazi, 1977 - 208 p.
- State catalog yemishonga yezvipembenene uye agrochemicals yakabvumidzwa kushandiswa munharaunda yeFederation kubva munaChikunguru 6, 2021 // Ministry of Agriculture yeFederation, https://mcx.gov.ru/ministry/departments/departament-rastenievodstva-mekhanizatsii- khimizatsii -i-zashchity-rasteniy/industry-information/info-gosudarstvennaya-usluga-po-gosudarstvennoy-registratsii-pestitsidov-i-agrokhimikatov/