Mukati
Mhando yehove dzemvura yakachena dzemhuri yecarp. Hove dzichiri kunzwisiswa zvisina kunaka, uye tsananguro yavo yakarongeka ndiyo nyaya yekukakavadzana pakati peecologists uye ichthyologists. Iyo genus inosanganisira marudzi matatu chete ehove, ose anogara mumakomo uye mujinga meCentral neCentral Asia. Iko kuvhiringidzika kwakabatana kwete chete nekuda kwechimiro chechimiro, asiwo ecological mafomu ehove iyi. Panharaunda yeRussia, munzvimbo dzepamusoro dzeOb, Osman Potanin anorarama, ndiyewo Altai Osman kana dace remakomo. Panguva ino, masayendisiti anotenda kuti hove iyi ine matatu ecological mafomu akasiyana mumararamiro uye kudya kunovaka muviri, uye saka muhukuru. Chinhu chisina kujairika pakuona kutaridzika kwehove idzi chiri muchokwadi chekuti nzvimbo yemuromo wehafu-yepasi uye semi-wepamusoro inonzi ndeye hove imwe. Nekudya kunovaka muviri, hove dzakakamurwa kuita dzinodya, omnivorous - herbivorous uye dwarf. Mhuka inosvika kureba inopfuura 1 m, neavhareji uremu hwe2-4 kg, zvienzaniso zvinosvika 10 kg zvinogoneka. Kazhinji, maOttoman ese anogona kuverengerwa nehove dzinokura zvishoma nezvishoma. Kubuda kwemhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzehupenyu kunobatanidza nekushayikwa kwekudya mumakomo enzizi nemadziva eAltai neMongolia. Hove dzinoenderana nemhando ipi neipi yechikafu: kubva kuzvirimwa nembeu dzadzo, invertebrates, kune pwere dzadzo nehove dzakafa.
Osman hove nzira
Mune mamwe madhamu eAltai neTyva, hove dzaibatwa mumaindasitiri. Vazhinji vanobata hombe vanobata osman pamagetsi ekutenderera. Mukuwedzera, osman inogona kubatwa pakutevedzera invertebrates, pamwe nekuyangarara uye pasi giya pazviredzo zvemhuka. Munguva yechando, Osman haanyanyi kushanda, asi inobudirira kubatwa pajigs uye vertical lure.
Ловля османа на kuruka
Vazhinji vane ruzivo vanobata hove vanoti maOttoman vanoramba kubata nekusindimara sesalmon. Nekutenderera hove, zvakakosha kushandisa tsvimbo dzinoenderana neruzivo rwemuredzi uye nzira yekubata hove. Kuredza osman anodya, chekutanga, kubata hove mumadziva, kazhinji nekushandisa magwa. Usati wabata hove, zvakakosha kujekesa mamiriro ekubata hove. Kusarudzwa kwetsvimbo, kureba kwayo uye kuedza kunogona kuenderana neizvi. Tsvimbo dzakareba dzinonyanya kugadzikana kana uchitamba hove huru, asi dzinogona kusagadzikana pakubata hove kubva kumabhangi akakura kana kubva kumabhoti madiki anofema. Muedzo wekutenderera unoenderana nesarudzo yehuremu hwema spinners. Mhinduro yakanakisisa ingave yekutora maspinner ehuremu hwakasiyana uye saizi newe. Mamiriro ekubata hove parwizi kana dziva anogona kusiyanisa zvakanyanya, kusanganisira nekuda kwemamiriro ekunze mumakomo, saka zviri nani kusarudza giya repasirese. Kusarudzwa kweinertial reel kunofanira kusanganiswa nechido chekuva nehombe huru yehove. Tambo kana mutsara wehove haufaniri kunge wakaonda, chikonzero hachisi chete mukana wekubata mukombe mukuru, asiwo nokuti mamiriro ekubata hove angada kumanikidzirwa kurwa.
Kubata osman pamagetsi echando
Kubata osman nematanda echando hakuna kusiyana mumhando huru. Kuti uite izvi, iwe unogona kushandisa yakajairika nodding tackle nekushandisa mormyshki uye mamwe machira. Kuti ubate osman yakakura, ma spinners akasiyana-siyana anoshandiswa, zvichienderana nehope inotarisirwa, hukuru hunogona kusiyana kubva kudiki "perch" kusvika pakati. Paunenge uchibata hove nemaredzo echisikigo, zvinokwanisika kushandisa float yechando michina.
Kubata osman pamatanda ezasi
Muzhizha, kana uchibata hove pamadziva eosman, unogona hove nepasi uye matanda anoyangarara ekukanda kure-kure uchishandisa chirauro chemhuka kana chirauro. Osman anogona kubatwa pamagiya akasiyana, asi, kubva ku "donok", iwe unofanirwa kupa sarudzo kune anodyisa. Yakanyanya kugadzikana kune vazhinji, kunyangwe vasina ruzivo vanoredza. Vanobvumira mubati wehove kuti anyatsofamba-famba padhamu, uye nekuda kwekukwanisa kwekudyisa, kurumidza "kuunganidza" hove panzvimbo yakapiwa. Feeder uye picker, semhando dzakasiyana dzemidziyo, ikozvino inosiyana chete mukureba kwetsvimbo. Hwaro ndiko kuvapo kwechirauro-chinonyura (feeder) uye matipi anochinjika patsvimbo. Misoro inoshanduka zvichienderana nemamiriro ekubata hove uye huremu hwekudyisa hunoshandiswa. Nozzles yekuredza inogona kuve chero, zvese muriwo uye mhuka, kusanganisira pastes. Iyi nzira yekubata hove inowanikwa kune wese. Tackle haidiwe zvekuwedzera zvishongedzo uye nyanzvi michina. Izvi zvinokutendera kuti uredze munenge chero miviri yemvura. Izvo zvakakodzera kubhadhara kune kusarudzwa kwevanodyisa muchimiro uye saizi, pamwe nemasanganiswa echirauro. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nemamiriro ezvinhu emvura (rwizi, gungwa, nezvimwewo) uye zvido zvekudya zvehove dzemunharaunda. Kune Osman, zvakakosha kufunga nezvekuti anosarudza zviredzo zvemhuka.
Zviredzo
Kuti ubate osman pagiya rekutenderera, akasiyana siyana anotenderera uye oscillating mabhaubhu epakati nediki saizi anoshandiswa. Mukuwedzera, mashizha epakati-kati anoshandiswa kune yunifomu wiring uye zvakadzika zvakasiyana. Pavanenge vachibata hove pamadhongi nekuyangarara, vanobata makonye akasiyana siyana, nyama yehove nehove. Munguva yechando, kudyarazve kwemormysh uye mamwe invertebrates kunoshandiswa zvinobudirira. Vabati vehove veSiberia, kusanganisira vabati vehove veAltai, vanowanzofarira mashizha echando ane hook yakatengeswa, iyo nyama yehove kana mormysh imwechete inodyarwa. Zvimiro zviduku zve osman zvinopindirana nekugadzirisa nekushandiswa kwe "tricks" - kutevedzera kwakasiyana-siyana kweinvertebrates.
Nzvimbo dzekuredza uye dzekugara
Sezvatotaurwa, munharaunda yeRussia, osman inogona kubatwa munharaunda yeAltai neTuva republic. Iyo Altai Osman Potanin inogona kuwanikwa nechivimbo chakazara mumadziva uye nzizi dzekumusoro kweOb: Argut, Bashkaus, Chuya, Chulyshman. Munzizi, hove inodzivisa kuputika, kunyanya inogara munzvimbo dzine dombo pasi uye chiyero chekuyerera. Inochengetedza muzvikamu zvezasi nepakati zvemvura. Haigadziri masumbu makuru.
Kubereka
Nekuda kwekuti akati wandei ecological mafomu eAltai osman Potanin anonzi kune imwe hove, zvakakosha kucherechedza misiyano mikuru mukubereka kwehove idzi. Pane imwe pfungwa inofadza inoisiyanisa kubva kune dzimwe hove dziri munharaunda. Zvinotendwa kuti hove caviar ine chepfu. Chimiro chehudyi che osman chinobereka pazasi pahuru uye pakadzika zvakakura. Iyo omnivorous fomu ye osman inofamba ichienda kumahombekombe munzvimbo yezvidyarwa zvemahombekombe uye algae. Iyo substrate yekuberekesa ivhu rejecha-hurungudo. Kune iyo diki fomu, nzvimbo yekuberekesa inoonekwa seyakamanikana mupendero wemahombekombe pakadzika 5-7 cm. Osman anova akakura pabonde, zvichienderana nechimiro chezvisikwa, pazera re7-9 makore. Mumarudzi ese, caviar inonamira inosungirirwa pasi. Kuzadza kunogovaniswa uye kutambanudzwa, ingangoita kwemwedzi yakati wandei-yezhizha. Iyo nguva yekubereka basa nenzira dzakasiyana haienderane.
Zvokuchengetedza Zvokudya
Sezvakaitika kune mamwe marudzi ehove dzeAsia (somuenzaniso, marinka), kwete caviar chete ine chepfu mu osman, asiwo nhengo dzomukati. Paunenge uchichenesa hove, iva nechokwadi chekunyatsochenesa mukati uye kubvisa firimu kubva ku peritoneum. Uyewo, sukurudza nemhinduro yakasimba yemunyu. Matumbu acho anofanira kuparadzwa kana kuvigwa kuitira kuti asachetura mhuka dzemumba kana dzemusango.