Muchinyorwa chino, tichatarisa tsananguro, kupatsanura uye zvimiro zveimwe yemhando huru dzejometri - katatu. Tichaongororawo mienzaniso yekugadzirisa matambudziko kubatanidza mashoko ataurwa.
Tsanangudzo yegonyonhatu
Triangle - Ichi chimiro chejometri mundege, ine mativi matatu, ayo anoumbwa nekubatanidza mapoinzi matatu asingarare pamutsetse mumwe wakatwasuka. Chiratidzo chakakosha chinoshandiswa pakudoma - △.
- Mapoinzi A, B naC ndiwo matendhe egonyonhatu.
- Zvikamu AB, BC uye AC ndiwo mativi egonyonhatu, ayo anowanzo kuratidzwa sebhii rimwe rechiLatin. Somuenzaniso, AB = a, BC = b, UYE = c.
- Mukati megonyo ndiyo chikamu chendege chakasungwa nemativi egonyo.
Mativi egonyonyo pamakona anoumba makona matatu, ayo anowanzo ratidzwa nemabhii echiGiriki - α, β, γ etc. Nekuda kweizvi, gonyonhatu inodaidzwa zvakare kuti polygon ine makona matatu.
Angles anogona zvakare kududzirwa uchishandisa chiratidzo chakakosha "∠"
- α - ∠BAC kana ∠CAB
- β - ∠ABC kana ∠CBA
- γ – ∠ACB kana ∠BCA
Triangle classification
Zvichienderana nehukuru hwemakona kana nhamba yemativi akaenzana, marudzi anotevera enhamba anosiyaniswa:
1. acute-angled – gonyo nhatu ine makona ese matatu akachekwa, kureva isingasviki 90°.
2. regedzera Gorotatu umo imwe yemakona inodarika 90°. Mamwe makona maviri akakomba.
3. Rectangular – gonyo nhatu umo imwe yekona iri kurudyi, kureva yakaenzana ne90°. Mumufananidzo wakadaro, mativi maviri anoumba kona yekurudyi anonzi makumbo (AB uye AC). Divi rechitatu rakatarisana nekona yekurudyi ndiro hypotenuse (BC).
4. zhuka-zhuka Triangle umo mativi ese ane hurefu hwakasiyana.
5. Isosceles - gonyo rine mativi maviri akaenzana, anonzi lateral (AB neBC). Rutivi rwechitatu ndiro hwaro (AC). Mumufananidzo uyu, mabhesi emakona akaenzana (∠BAC = ∠BCA).
6. Equilateral (kana kuti yakarurama) Gonyo (triangle) umo mativi ese ane hurefu hwakafanana. Uyewo makona ayo ose ari 60°.
Triangle Properties
1. Chero mativi egonyo iduku pane mamwe maviri, asi makuru pane musiyano wawo. Kuti zvirerukire, tinobvuma zvakajairwa kudomwa kwemativi - a, b и с… Zvadaro:
b - c <a <b + cAt b > c
Ichi chivakwa chinoshandiswa kuyedza zvikamu zvemitsara kuona kana vachikwanisa kugadzira katatu.
2. Huwandu hwemakona echero katatu i180°. Izvi zvinotevera kubva pane iyi pfuma kuti mune obtuse triangle makona maviri anogara akasimba.
3. Mune chero katatu, kune kona yakakura yakatarisana nedivi guru, uye zvakasiyana.
Mienzaniso yemabasa
Basa 1
Kune makona maviri anozivikanwa mugonyo, 32 ° uye 56 °. Tsvaga kukosha kwekona yechitatu.
mhinduro
Ngatitorei makona anozivikanwa se α (32°) uye β (56 °), uye zvisingazivikanwe - kumashure γ.
Zvinoenderana nepfuma yehuwandu hwemakona ese, a+b+c = 180 °.
Nekudaro, iyo γ = 180° -a-b = 180 ° - 32 ° - 56 ° = 92 °.
Basa 2
Wapihwa zvikamu zvitatu zvehurefu 4, 8 na 11. Tsvaga kana vachigona kugadzira gonyo.
mhinduro
Ngatinyorei kusaenzana kwechimwe nechimwe chezvikamu zvakapihwa, zvichibva pane zvakurukurwa pamusoro apa:
11 – 4 <8 <11 + 4
8 – 4 <11 <8 + 4
11 – 8 <4 <11 + 8
Vose vakarurama, saka, zvikamu izvi zvinogona kuva mativi matatu.