Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS), kana Acute Inflammatory Polyradiculoneuritis, chirwere che autoimmune chinokonzera kukuvara kwetsinga nekuoma mitezo. Kuoma mitezo uku kunonzi kwakakura nekuti kunowanzotanga nemakumbo nemaoko kwozopararira nemuviri wese. Pane zvikonzero zvakawanda, asi chirwere chinowanzoitika mushure mekutapukirwa, saka rimwe zita reacute postinfectious polyradiculoneuritis. Gore negore muFrance, munhu mumwe kusvika ku1 pavanhu gumi anobatwa nechirwere chacho. (2) Ruzhinji rwevanhu vakabatwa vanopora zvachose mukati memwedzi mishoma, asi chirwere ichi chinogona kusiya kukuvadzwa kukuru uye, muzviitiko zvisingawanzo, zvinotungamira kurufu, kazhinji nekuoma mitezo yemhasuru dzekufema.

Kudzvova uye manzwiro ekunze anoonekwa mutsoka nemaoko, kazhinji symmetrically, uye anopararira kumakumbo, maoko uye nemuviri wese. Kuomarara uye kosi yechirwere ichi zvinosiyana zvakanyanya, kubva pakuneta kwemhasuru kusvika pakuoma mitezo yeimwe tsandanyama uye, muzviitiko zvakanyanya, kunenge kuoma mitezo. 90% yevarwere vanoona zvakanyanya kukuvadzwa mukati mevhiki rechitatu zvichitevera zviratidzo zvekutanga. (2) Mumhando dzakakomba, kufungidzira kunotyisa kwehupenyu nekuda kwekukuvadzwa kwemhasuru dzeoropharynx uye mhasuru dzekufema, zvichiunza njodzi yekutadza kufema uye kumira. Zviratidzo zvakangofanana neizvo zvemamwe mamiriro akadai se botulism ((+ link)) kana chirwere cheLyme.

Kutevera kutapukirwa, immune system inogadzira autoantibodies inorwisa uye inokuvadza myelin sheath yakatenderedza nerve fibers (axons) yeperipheral nerves, ichivadzivirira kubva pakufambisa masaini emagetsi kubva kuuropi kuenda kumamhasuru.

Chikonzero cheGuillain-Barré syndrome hachizivikanwi nguva dzose, asi muzvikamu zviviri kubva muzvitatu zvezviitiko zvinoitika mazuva mashomanana kana mavhiki mushure mekuita manyoka, chirwere chemapapu, furu ... ngozi zvinhu. Kakawanda kashoma, chikonzero chinogona kunge chiri kubaiwa, kuvhiyiwa, kana kushungurudzika.

Chirwere ichi chinokanganisa varume kakawanda kupfuura vakadzi nevakuru kupfuura vana (ngozi inowedzera nezera). Guillain-Barré syndrome haina kutapurirana kana kugarwa nhaka. Nekudaro, panogona kunge paine genetic predispositions. Mushure mekukakavadzana kukuru, vatsvakurudzi vakabudirira kusimbisa kuti Guillain-Barré syndrome inogona kukonzerwa nehutachiona hweZika virus. (3)

Mishonga miviri ye immunotherapy inoshanda mukumisa kukuvadzwa kwetsinga:

• Plasmapheresis, iyo inosanganisira kutsiva plasma yeropa ine autoantibodies inorwisa tsinga ne plasma ine hutano.
• Jekiseni remutsinga remasoja ekudzivirira chirwere (intravenous immunoglobulins) ayo anozoderedza masoja ekudzivirira chirwere.

Vanoda kuchipatara uye vanozonyanya kushanda kana vakaitwa nekukurumidza zvakakwana kudzikamisa kukuvadzwa kwetsinga. Nekuti kana tsinga dzetsinga dzakadzivirirwa nemyelin sheath dzichikanganiswa, iyo sequelae inove isingadzokerike.

Kunyanya kucherechedzwa kunofanirwa kubhadharwa kune zvisiri izvo mukufema, kurova kwemoyo uye BP, uye murwere anofanira kuiswa painobatsirwa mhepo yekufemesa kana kuoma mitezo kunosvika pakufema. Zvirongwa zvekuvandudza zvinogona kudikanwa kuti udzore hunyanzvi hwakazara hwemotokari.

Kufanotaura kunowanzova kwakanaka uye zviri nani mudiki murwere. Kudzoreredza kunopera mushure memwedzi mitanhatu kusvika gumi nembiri mune dzinenge 85% yezviitiko, asi nezve 10% yevanhu vakabatwa ichave yakakosha sequelae (1). Chirwere ichi chinokonzeresa kufa mu3% kusvika 5% yezviitiko zvinoenderana neWHO, asi kusvika 10% maererano nemamwe masosi. Rufu runoitika kubva mukusungwa kwemoyo, kana nekuda kwematambudziko kubva pakumutsidzira kwenguva refu, senge nosocomial utachiona kana pulmonary embolism. (4)