Mukati
Chimiro chenguva dzose chefungus chikamu chepasi (mycelium kana mycelium) uye pamusoro pevhu (gumbo neheti). Uyezve, muzviitiko zvakawanda, gumbo rinosungirirwa kune heti zvakasimba pakati. Asi kunewo vamiririri veHumambo hweMushroom vasina gumbo zvachose, kana kuti chikamu chavo hachina kusungirirwa pakati peheti, asi chakanyatso kuendeswa kumucheto. Unogona kuwana tsananguro yemhando idzi pane ino peji.
Howa dzisina makumbo ane chivharo chichena chakatenderera
Крепидот изменчивый (Crepidotus variabilis).
Mhuri yeFibrous (Inocybaceae).
Mwaka: zhizha matsutso.
Kukura: mumwe chete kana mumapoka madiki ari muchimiro chemiviri inobereka mataira.
Description:
Kumusoro kwechivharo kunonzwa-pubescent, dzimwe nguva kutsetseka pamucheto, chena kana chiedza chero.
Mahwendefa anonamatira, anowanzo, akafara, akareruka.
Chivharo chine convexly prostrate, itsvo-shaped, rounded, shell-shaped or lobed.
Mucheto wechivharo wakaiswa kumusoro, wavy kana lobed, ane mitsetse.
Munyama muchena, nekunakirwa zvinotapira.
Uhu hwakatenderedza, husina stem, howa huchena hauna kukosha kwekudya nekuda kwehukuru hwahwo hudiki.
Ecology uye kugovera:
Растет на отмерших ветвях и остатках древесины лиственных, реже хвойных пород, на мелких растительных остатках.
Soft crepidot (Crepidotus mollis).
Mhuri yeFibrous (Inocybaceae).
Mwaka: pakati paMay - kupera kwaOctober.
Kukura: mumapoka.
Description:
Chivharo chacho chakaita denderedzwa, chakaita sessile, pakutanga chinochinja, gare gare chakaita goko, chero, chakatsetseka kana chine mvere.
Iyo pulp yakapfava, chena kana yakareruka, isinganhuhwi.
Dzinde iri lateral, rudimentary, kazhinji asipo.
Mahwendefa anowanzo, akafukidzwa, akafanana-akaita fan-diverge kubva panzvimbo iyo chivharo chakabatanidzwa pahunde, chiedza.
Ihowa hwedenderedzwa hunodyiwa husina dzinde kana hunde hwepadivi. Inoshandiswa patsva (mushure mekubika) kana yakaomeswa.
Ecology uye kugovera:
Inokura pamatanda akafa, matavi ehuni, kashoma pamikoniferi. Dzimwe nguva howa husina dzinde uhu hunowanikwa pahuni dzakacheneswa uye mumakomba emiti mipenyu.
Oyster howa (Pleurotus ostreatus).
Mhuri: Mycenaceae (Mycenaceae).
Mwaka: Gunyana - Zvita.
Kukura: mapoka, kazhinji mumasumbu akaomeswa e30 kana kupfuura miviri inobereka michero, inokura pamwe chete pahwaro; kazhinji ari oga
Description:
Mahwendefa acho haawanzoitiki, akaonda, achidzika pamwe chete nedzinde, ane mabhiriji pedyo nedzinde, akachena, achishanduka yero nezera.
Chivharo chine nyama, chakasimba, chakatenderedzwa, chine mupendero mutete; chimiro chakaita nzeve kana kuti inenge yakatenderera (kunyanya muhunde).
Iyo pulp yakachena, yakakora, muhowa hudiki hwakapfava uye hune muto, gare gare hwakaoma uye hune fibrous.
Kumusoro kwechivharo kwakatsetseka, kupenya, kazhinji kacho.
Dzinde ipfupi, dzimwe nguva rinenge risingaonekwe, rakakora, rinoenderera, eccentric kana lateral, rakatetepa rakananga kugaro, kazhinji rakakombama.
Muhowa hudiki, chivharo chinotenderera, uye chine mupendero wakaputirwa.
Hunonaka hunodyiwa howa. Zviri nani kuunganidza madiki machena akatenderera howa pasina madzinde (cap diameter kusvika 10 cm); muhowa dzakasakara, dzinde haridyiwi. Inoshandiswa pasi rose - nyowani mumasobho uye yechipiri makosi, mumapikicha, nezvimwe.
Ecology uye kugovera:
Inokura pazvigutsa, matanda akafa, akafa kana ari mupenyu, asi asina simba, miti yakasiyana-siyana inodonha (muouki, birch, gomo ash, aspen, willow), kazhinji kacho - conifers mumasango ane deciduous uye akasanganiswa, mapaki nemapindu. Yakarimwa pachiyero cheindasitiri munyika dzakawanda, kusanganisira Nyika Yedu. Pasi pemamiriro ekugadzira, inokura paanenge chero substrate ine cellulose uye lignin - sawdust, shavings, bark, mapepa, mashanga, tsanga, sunflower husks.
Humwe howa nemakumbo akadzingwa kana asina zvachose
Lentinellus yakaita nzeve (Lentinellus cochleatus).
Auriscalpiaceae mhuri.
Mwaka: zhizha matsutso.
Kukura: mumapoka, kazhinji mumapoka.
Description:
Makumbo emhando dzakasiyana dzebrown, lateral, dzakaoma asi elastic, dzinowanzokura pamwe chete.
Mahwendefa haana kuenzana, akareruka kupfuura zvivharo, achidzika pamwe chete nehunde.
Nyama yakaoma, chena, nekunhuhwirira kwakasimba kweanise.
Hati dzine yellowish kana dzvuku dzvuku, zvimiro zvakasiyana kwazvo, dzakaoma, dzakatetepa.
Howa haudyike nekuda kwekuoma kwahwo uye kunhuhwirira kwakasimba.
Ecology uye kugovera:
Inokura pazvigutsa zvemuti zvakaora.
Autumn oyster howa (Panellus serotinus).
Mhuri: Mycenaceae (Mycenaceae).
Mwaka: kupera kwaSeptember-December.
Kukura: mumapoka.
Kukura: mumapoka.
Iyo pulp yakaoma, yakareruka, nezera inova yakaoma uye ine rubbery.
Mahwendefa anowanzo, anonamatira kana zvishoma kudzika, yero, kusviba nezera.
Muvara weheti yakasiyana-siyana yakasiyana-siyana yerima shades.
Gumbo riri lateral, dzimwe nguva rinenge risipo, rakatsetseka scaly, ocher kana yellow-brownish.
Iyo cap ine nyama, yakatsetseka pubescent, zvishoma mucous, inopenya mumamiriro ekunze emvura.
Zvinodyiwa vachiri vadiki; Howa hukuru hwakasimba uye hune matehwe akakora. Mushure mekubikira inogona kushandiswa mune yechipiri makosi uye pickles.
Ecology uye kugovera:
Inokura mumasango anodonha uye akavhengana, pamiti yakafa yemossy yemarudzi ane deciduous. Inokwanisa kubereka michero panguva yekunyorova patembiricha kubva +5°C.
Oyster howa (Pleurotus cornucopiae).
Mhuri: Mycenaceae (Mycenaceae).
Mwaka: kupera kwaMay - Gumiguru.
Kukura: mumapoka.
Description:
Nyama yakachena, ine nyama, inoomesa nezera, ine kakunhuhwira hupfu.
Zvinyorwa zvichidzika kure nedzinde, zvishoma, nhete, zvichena.
Iyo ngowani yakaora mwoyo, yakaita sefunnel, yakaita senyanga, fawn kana yakacheneruka yero-ocher. Mucheto wechivharo kazhinji wavy.
Dzinde iri eccentric, kashoma pakati kana lateral, rakatetepa rakananga pagadziko, rakasimba, rakajeka kana rakachenuruka yero.
Howa hunodyiwa huchiri hudiki; zvinoda kufanobikwa.
Ecology uye kugovera:
Inokura pamakumbo uye yakawa hardwood (elm, aspen, birch, oak, maple, gomo ash).
Mafuta enguruve (Tapinella atrotomentosus).
Mhuri: Tapinella (Tapinellaceae).
Mwaka: Chikunguru - Gumiguru.
Kukura: ndoga.
Description:
Iyo ngowani ine convex, gobvu, ine suede pamusoro, ine brown.
Mahwendefa ari kuburuka, kazhinji, ocher-yero.
Iyo pulp iri kunyunguduka, kusviba pane yakachekwa, caustic.
Gumbo iri eccentric, rakakombama, rakafukidzwa nemurwi wakasviba pamwe chete nehurefu hwayo hwose.
Ruzivo rwezvekugoneka runopokana.
Ecology uye kugovera:
Inokura mumasango ane coniferous uye akavhenganiswa pamakumbo kana matanda akadonha emiti yeconiferous, kunyanya spruces nemapine. Munyika Yedu, yakagoverwa muchikamu cheEurope, muCaucasus uye muWestern Siberia.