Isu tinowanzofunga kuti kushanya kune psychotherapist yakanyanya kureba nyaya inogona kukwevera mberi kwemwedzi kana makore. Chaizvoizvo hazvisi. Mazhinji ematambudziko edu anogona kugadziriswa muzvikamu zvishoma.
Vazhinji vedu tinofungidzira chikamu che psychotherapy sehurukuro inongoitika pamusoro pemanzwiro. Kwete, inguva yakarongeka panguva iyo murapi anobatsira vatengi kugadzirisa matambudziko avo kudzamara vadzidza kuzvibata ivo pachavo. Muzviitiko zvakawanda, basa rinowanikwa - uye hazvitore makore.
Zvidzidzo zvinoratidza kuti matambudziko mazhinji haadi kurapwa kwenguva refu, kwemakore mazhinji. Anodaro Bruce Wompold, nyanzvi yezvepfungwa paYunivhesiti yeWisconsin-Madison, "Hongu, vamwe vatengi vanoona varapi vezvirwere zvisingaperi sekuora mwoyo, asi kunewo akawanda asina kuoma zvakanyanya kugadzirisa (sekunetsana kubasa).
Kurapa kwepfungwa mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro kunogona kufananidzwa nekushanyira chiremba: unoronga nguva, kuwana mamwe maturusi ekukubatsira kutsungirira matambudziko ako, uye wobva waenda.
“Muzviitiko zvakawanda, zvidzidzo gumi nembiri zvakakwana kuti zvive nemigumisiro yakanaka,” anobvuma kudaro Joe Parks, chipangamazano mukuru wezvokurapa weUS National Council for Behavioral Sciences. Chidzidzo chakaburitswa muAmerican Journal of Psychiatry chinopa kunyange yakaderera nhamba: paavhareji, masesheni masere aikwana kune vatengi vepfungwa.1.
Rudzi rwakajairika rwenguva pfupi psychotherapy ndeye cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT).
Kubva pakugadzirisa mafungiro emafungiro, zvakaratidza kuti zvinoshanda kune zvakawanda zvakasiyana-siyana zvezvinetso zvepfungwa, kubva pakuzvidya mwoyo uye kuora mwoyo kusvika kumishonga yemakemikari uye post-traumatic stress disorder. Psychotherapists inogonawo kusanganisa CBT nedzimwe nzira dzekuwana mhedzisiro.
“Zvinotora nguva yakareba kuti tisvike pamudzi wechinetso,” anowedzera kudaro Christy Beck, chiremba wepfungwa paState College muPennsylvania. Mubasa rake, anoshandisa nzira dzose dzeCBT uye psychoanalytic kugadzirisa nyaya dzakadzama dzinobva paudiki. Kugadzirisa dambudziko remamiriro ezvinhu, mashoma mashoma akakwana, ”anodaro.
Zvimwe zvakaoma, zvakadai sehosha dzekudya, zvinotora makore kushanda nazvo.
Chero zvazvingaitika, sekureva kwaBruce Wompold, vanonyanya kushanda psychotherapist ndeavo vane hunyanzvi hwekudyidzana, kusanganisira hunhu hwakadai sekugona kunzwira tsitsi, kugona kuteerera, kugona kutsanangura chirongwa chekurapa kumutengi. Chikamu chekutanga chekurapa chinogona kuomera mutengi.
“Tinofanira kukurukura zvinhu zvisingafadzi, zvakaoma,” anotsanangura kudaro Bruce Wompold. Zvisinei, mushure mezvikamu zvishomanana, mutengi anotanga kunzwa zviri nani. Asi kana rubatsiro rusingauye, zvakakosha kukurukura izvi nemurapi.
“Varapi vanogonawo kukanganisa,” anodaro Joe Park. “Ndicho chikonzero nei zvakakosha kutsanangura chinangwa pamwe chete uye wobva watarisa pamusoro pacho, semuenzaniso: kugadzirisa kurara, kuwana kurudziro yekuita mabasa ezuva nezuva nesimba, kugadzirisa hukama nevadikani. Kana rimwe zano rikasashanda, rimwe rinogona.
Nguva yekupedza kurapa? Maererano naChristy Beck, zvinowanzova nyore kuti mativi ose maviri auye pakubvumirana panyaya iyi. “Mukuita kwangu, kazhinji kacho chisarudzo chomunhu mumwe nomumwe,” anodaro. "Ini handitadzise mutengi kugara achirapwa kwenguva yakareba kupfuura zvinodiwa, asi anofanira kukura nekuda kweizvi."
Nekudaro, dzimwe nguva vatengi vanoda kuenderera mberi nekurapa kunyangwe mushure mekunge vagadzirisa dambudziko renzvimbo ravakauya naro. "Zvinoitika kana munhu achinzwa kuti kurapa kwepfungwa kunomubatsira kuzvinzwisisa, kunobatsira mukukura kwake mukati," anotsanangura kudaro Christy Beck. "Asi inogara iri sarudzo yemutengi."
1 IAmerican Journal yePsychiatry, 2010, vol. 167, №12.