Nei nyama ichikanganisa zvakanyanya mamiriro ekunze?
Funga nezvazvo seizvi: zvinowanzoita zvakanaka kurima zvirimwa zvevanhu pane kurima zvirimwa zvemhuka uye ipapo kushandura mhuka idzodzo kuita chikafu chevanhu. Vatsvakurudzi veFood and Agriculture Organization yeUnited Nations vakagumisa kuti paavhareji zvinotora anenge 1400 magiramu ezviyo kukura 500 gramu yenyama.
Chokwadi, vamwe vangati mombe, huku, uye nguruve zvinowanzodya zvinhu zvisingadyiwi nevanhu, zvakadai semakwenzi kana kuti tsvina yemiti. Ichi ichokwadi. Asi semutemo wavose, zvinoda ivhu, simba, uye mvura yakawanda kugadzira magiramu 500 eprotein yemhuka kupfuura kubudisa magiramu 500 eprotein yemiriwo.
Nyama yemombe negwayana zvine mutsindo mukuru wemamiriro ekunze nekuda kwechimwe chikonzero: mhou nehwai zvine mabhakitiriya mudumbu rawo anovabatsira kugaya uswa nezvimwe zvekudya. Asi mabhakitiriya aya anogadzira methane, gasi rine simba regreenhouse, rinobva raburitswa kuburikidza nekuputika (uye flatulence).
Zvine basa here kuti mombe dzinokwidzwa sei?
Ehe. Semuenzaniso, muBolivia neBrazil, vatengesi vakuru venyama yemombe pasi rose, mamiriyoni emaeka esango rinonaya mvura akapiswa kuti pave nekugadzirwa kwenyama. Pamusoro pezvo, iyo carbon footprint yeboka remombe inogona kusiyana zvakanyanya zvichienderana nezvinhu zvakaita semamiriro ekunze enzvimbo uye mazinga adzo.
Asi zvakadini kana ukadyisa mhou neuswa uye usingadzimi zviyo zvakananga?
Mombe dzakadyiswa nouswa dzinopedza nguva yakawanda dziri papurazi, dzichibudisa methane yakawanda.
Vanhu vanofanira kurega kudya nyama zvachose kuti vabatsire mamiriro ekunze?
Kana tichida kudyisa huwandu hwevanhu huri kuramba huchiwedzera tisingashandisi kudziya kwepasi rose kana kuisa dzvinyiriro yakawanda pamasango enyika, zvine basa kana vanodya nyama vakaomeswa vachidzikamisa chishuwo chavo.
Zvakadini neartificial cell meat?
Zvechokwadi, kune zvakawanda zvinotsiva nyama munyika. Yakagadzirwa kubva mumiriwo, starch, mafuta uye mapuroteni akagadzirwa, zvigadzirwa izvi zvinoteedzera kuravira uye magadzirirwo enyama zvakanyanya kupfuura zvechinyakare zvinotsiva senge tofu uye seitan.
Kunyange hazvo pasati pava nesarudzo yekuti zvikafu izvi zvine hutano here, zvinoita kunge zvine diki diki nharaunda: imwe ongororo ichangobva kuitika yakawana kuti Beyond Burger yaingova nechikamu chimwe chete mugumi chemamiriro ekunze kana zvichienzaniswa nenyama yemombe.
Mune ramangwana, vatsvakurudzi vachakwanisa "kukura" nyama chaiyo kubva kumhuka dzesero tsika - basa mune iyi nzira inoenderera mberi. Asi zvichiri kumberi kuti utaure kuti izvi zvichave zvine hushamwari sei, kwete nekuti zvinogona kutora simba rakawanda kugadzira nyama inokura sero.
Zvakadini nezvokudya zvomugungwa?
Hongu, hove ine kabhoni yakaderera pane yehuku kana yenguruve. Iyo yakaderera muhove, mussels uye scallops. Nekudaro, iyo huru uye yakakosha bviro yehutsi ihuni inopiswa nemagwa ekuredzesa.
Ko mukaka nechizi zvinei pakuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze?
Ongororo dzinoverengeka dzakaratidza kuti mukaka kazhinji une mamiriro ekunze madiki pane huku, mazai, kana nguruve. Yogurt, cottage cheese uye cream cheese zviri pedyo maererano nemukaka.
Asi mamwe marudzi akawanda echizi, akadai secheddar kana mozzarella, anogona kuva netsoka yakakura kudarika huku kana nyama yenguruve, sezvo inowanzotora mapaundi gumi emukaka kugadzira pondo imwe yechizi.
Mirira, cheese yakashata kupfuura huku?
Zvinoenderana nechizi. Asi kazhinji, hongu, kana ukasarudza kuva anodya miriwo, toti, uchidya chizi pane huku, kabhoni yako yekutsika inogona kusadonha zvakanyanya sezvaunotarisira.
Mukaka weorganic uri nani here?
MuUnited States, iyi “organic” label pamukaka inoreva mhou dzinopedza 30% yenguva yadzo dzichifura, dzisina mahormone kana mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya, uye dzakadya chikafu chakasimudzwa pasina mafetireza ekugadzira kana mishonga yezvipembenene. Zvechokwadi inokwezva kuutano hwevanhu vakawanda. Asi hapana chinodiwa kuti organic dairy farm ine yakaderera mamiriro ekunze pane yakajairika purazi. Dambudziko nderekuti, hapana chinhu pane iyo organic label inokuudza zvakananga nezve mamiriro ekunze emukaka uyu.
Ndeupi mukaka wakagadzirwa nechirimwa unonyanya kunaka?
Almond, oat uye soy mukaka zvine gasi regreenhouse rakaderera pane mukaka wemombe. Asi, senguva dzose, pane zvakaderera uye kutengeserana-offs kufunga. Somuenzaniso, maarumondi anoda mvura yakawanda kuti akure. Kana iwe uchida ruzivo rwakawanda, iwe unogona kuzviwana mune yedu.
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