Kune zvakawanda zvinoshamisa zviitiko zvedzidzo zvevana vechikoro nhasi, asi hazvisi nyore kugadzika vana vakatoziva smartphone: vanoshaya kutsungirira. Microlearning inogona kubatsira kugadzirisa dambudziko iri. Neuropsychologist Polina Kharina anotaura nezve maitiro matsva.
Vana vari pasi pemakore mana havakwanisi kuchengeta pfungwa dzavo pachinhu chimwe kwenguva yakareba. Kunyanya kana tichitaura nezvebasa rekudzidza, uye kwete mutambo unonakidza. Uye zvakanyanya kuoma kukudziridza kutsungirira nhasi, apo vana vanoshandisa gadget kubva pagore rekutanga rehupenyu. Microlearning inobatsira kugadzirisa dambudziko iri.
Iyi nzira yekudzidza zvinhu zvitsva ndeimwe yemaitiro edzidzo yemazuva ano. Chinokosha chayo ndechokuti vana nevakuru vanogamuchira ruzivo muzvikamu zviduku. Kuenda kuchinangwa mumatanho mapfupi - kubva nyore kusvika kune yakaoma - inobvumidza iwe kudzivirira kuwandisa uye kugadzirisa matambudziko akaomarara muzvikamu. Microlearning yakavakirwa pamisimboti mitatu yakakosha:
- makirasi mapfupi asi enguva dzose;
- kudzokororwa kwezuva nezuva kwezvinhu zvakafukidzwa;
- zvishoma nezvishoma kuoma kwezvinhu.
Makirasi ane preschoolers haafaniri kutora nguva yakareba kupfuura maminitsi makumi maviri, uye microlearning yakangogadzirirwa zvidzidzo zvipfupi. Uye zviri nyore kuti vabereki vape maminitsi 20-15 pazuva kuvana.
Kuti microlearning inoshanda sei
Mukuita, maitiro anotaridzika seizvi: ngatiti iwe unoda kudzidzisa mwana ane gore rimwe chete tambo mabhesi patambo. Gurai basa racho mumatanho: kutanga iwe unosunga bhedhi uye wokoka mwana kuti aibvise, wobva wapa tambo iwe pachako, uye pakupedzisira unodzidza kubata bhedhi uye kuifambisa pamwe chete netambo kuitira kuti iwe uwedzere imwe. Microlearning inoumbwa nezvidzidzo zvipfupi zvakadaro, zvinotevedzana.
Ngatitarisei muenzaniso wemutambo wepuzzle, apo chinangwa chiri chekudzidzisa mwana wechikoro kushandisa nzira dzakasiyana. Pandinoronga kuunganidza chirahwe kwekutanga, zvakaoma kuti mwana abatanidze zvese zvese kamwechete kuti awane mufananidzo, nekuti haana ruzivo uye ruzivo. Mhedzisiro imamiriro ekukundikana, kuderera kwekukurudzira, uyezve kurasikirwa kwekufarira mumutambo uyu.
Naizvozvo, pakutanga ini ndinounganidza iyo puzzle pachangu uye ndinogovanisa basa mumatanho.
Chikamu chekutanga. Isu tinofunga pikicha-inoti uye tinoitsanangura, teerera kune 2-3 chaiyo ruzivo. Zvadaro tinovawana pakati pevamwe uye tovaisa panzvimbo yakarurama mumufananidzo wezano. Kana zvakaoma kumwana, ndinokurudzira kubhadhara kune chimiro chechikamu (chikuru kana chiduku).
Danho rechipiri. Kana mwana achitarisana nebasa rekutanga, muchidzidzo chinotevera ini ndinosarudza kubva pane zvese zvakangofanana nekekupedzisira, uye wovashandura. Zvadaro ndinokumbira mwana kuti aise chidimbu chimwe nechimwe panzvimbo yakarurama pamufananidzo. Kana zvakamuomera ndinotarisisa chimiro chechikamu ndobvunza kuti akachibata nemazvo here kana kuti chinoda kupindurwa.
Danho rechitatu. Zvishoma nezvishoma wedzera huwandu hwemashoko. Ipapo iwe unogona kudzidzisa mwana wako kuunganidza mapikicha ari ega, pasina pikicha. Kutanga, tinodzidzisa kupeta furemu, ipapo pakati. Kana, tanga waunganidza mufananidzo chaiwo mupuzzle, wozoisa pamwe chete, uchitarisa pamufananidzo.
Nokudaro, mwana, achibata nhanho imwe neimwe, anodzidza kushandisa nzira dzakasiyana-siyana uye unyanzvi hwake hunoshanduka kuva unyanzvi hunogadziriswa kwenguva yakareba. Iyi fomati inogona kushandiswa mumitambo yese. Nokudzidza mumatanho maduku, mwana achakwanisa unyanzvi hwose.
Ndezvipi zvinobatsira zve microlearning?
- Mwana haana nguva yekufinhwa. Muchimiro chezvidzidzo zvipfupi, vana vanodzidza zviri nyore hunyanzvi hwavasingadi kudzidza. Semuenzaniso, kana mwana asingadi kucheka uye iwe unomupa kuti aite basa pfupi zuva rega rega, kwaunoda kucheka chinhu chimwe chete kana kucheka zvishoma, ipapo achadzidza hunyanzvi uhu zvishoma nezvishoma, zvisingaoneki kwaari. .
- Kudzidza "zvishoma nezvishoma" kunobatsira mwana kuti ajairire chokwadi chokuti zvidzidzo chikamu chehupenyu. Kana iwe uchidzidza zuva rega rega pane imwe nguva, mwana anoona micro-zvidzidzo sechikamu cheyakajairwa hurongwa uye anojaira kudzidza kubva paudiki.
- Iyi nzira inodzidzisa kuisa pfungwa, nokuti mwana anonyatsofunga nezvekuita, haana nguva yekuvhiringidzwa. Asi panguva imwe cheteyo, haana nguva yokuneta.
- Microlearning inoita kuti kudzidza kuve nyore. Uropi hwedu hunorongwa nenzira iyo yatova awa mushure mokunge makirasi apera, tinokanganwa 60% yemashoko, mushure memaawa gumi 10% yezvakadzidzwa inoramba iri mundangariro. Maererano neEbbinghaus Forgetting Curve, mumwedzi 35 chete tinokanganwa 1% yezvatakadzidza. Kana iwe ukadzokorora zvakarongeka izvo zvakafukidzwa, ipapo zvinyorwa kubva mundangariro dzenguva pfupi zvinopinda mundangariro dzenguva refu.
- Microlearning inoreva hurongwa: nzira yekudzidza haina kukanganiswa, mwana zvishoma nezvishoma, zuva nezuva, anoenda kune chimwe chinangwa chikuru (somuenzaniso, kudzidza kucheka kana kupenda). Zvakanaka, makirasi anoitika zuva rega rega panguva imwe chete. Iyi fomati yakanakira vana vane kunonoka kwakasiyana kwekukura. Izvo zvinhu zvinoiswa dosed, zvakashandiswa kune automatism, uye zvobva zvawedzera kuoma. Izvi zvinokubvumira kugadzirisa zvinhu.
Kupi uye sei kudzidza
Nhasi tine akawanda akasiyana epamhepo makosi uye nharembozha dzakavakirwa pamisimboti ye microlearning, seyakakurumbira Chirungu kudzidza maapplication Duolingo kana Skyeng. Zvidzidzo zvinounzwa mune infographic mafomati, mavhidhiyo mapfupi, mibvunzo uye flashcards.
Zvinyorwa zveJapan KUMON zvinyorwa zvakare zvakavakirwa pamisimboti ye microlearning. Mabasa ari mavari akarongwa kubva nyore kusvika kune yakaoma: kutanga, mwana anodzidza kucheka nemitsara yakatwasuka, ipapo pamwe chete akaputsika, wavy mitsetse uye spirals, uye pakupedzisira anocheka nhamba uye zvinhu kubva pamapepa. Kuvaka mabasa nenzira iyi kunobatsira mwana nguva dzose kubudirira kubata navo, izvo zvinokurudzira uye kukudziridza kuzvivimba. Mukuwedzera, mabasa acho ari nyore uye anonzwisisika kuvana vaduku, izvo zvinoreva kuti mwana anogona kudzidza akazvimirira.