Mukati
- Waini yakasimbiswa newaini yakasimba zvakafanana here?
- Ini ndaifunga kuti waini yakasimbiswa haiitwe kumba, chete kumawineri ...
- Saka sei kusimbisa waini yakagadzirwa kumba zvachose? Handinzwisise.
- Uye chii, kutsanya ndiyo chete nzira yekukanganisa kuvirisa?
- Hongu, zvinonzwisisika. Uye kusvika papi kugadzirisa?
- Mira. Ndinoziva sei madhigirii mangani muwaini yangu yekumba?
- Hmm, zvakanaka ... Uye imhandoi yedoro yekusarudza kugadzirisa?
- Chii, kungoisa doro rakaoma muwort?
- Ndeipi nhanho yekuvirisa yakanakisa kuita izvi?
- Chii chekuita? Ndinogona kunwa pakarepo?
"Kusimbisa kana kusasimbisa" mubvunzo uyo vagadziri vewaini vave vachikakavadzana kwemakore. Kune rumwe rutivi, chisungo chinobvumira chinwiwa kuti chichengetwe zviri nani, chinowedzera kuramba kwayo kusvava, mold, uye chirwere. Kune rimwe divi, waini yakagadzirwa uchishandisa tekinoroji iyi haisati yakwanisa kunzi yakachena. Zvakanaka, ngatiedzei kuona kuti sei, ndiani uye mumamiriro api kutsanya kunoshandiswa, ndezvipi zvakanakira uye zvakaipira nzira iyi, uyezve - maitiro ekugadzira waini yakasimbiswa kumba nenzira dzakasiyana siyana.
1
Waini yakasimbiswa newaini yakasimba zvakafanana here?
Hazvina basa. Waini yakasimbiswa iwaini umo doro rakasimba kana brandy inowedzerwa pamatanho akasiyana ekuvirisa. "Waini yakasimba" ishoko rinobva kuSoviet classification, raishandiswa kureva zvose waini yakasimbiswa ivo pachavo uye iyo waini inowana dhigirii yakakwirira - kusvika ku17% - zvakananga panguva yekuvirisa.
2
Ini ndaifunga kuti waini yakasimbiswa haiitwe kumba, chete kumawineri ...
Zvechokwadi, kutsanya kwakashandiswa munyika yose tsika yekugadzira winemaking, zvichida kubvira apo yekutanga distillate yakawanikwa. Kubva panguva yekare, vave vachisimbisa, semuenzaniso, waini yechiteshi, Cahors (nenzira, tine chinyorwa pamusoro pekuita maCahors akagadzirirwa kumba), sherry. Asi vagadziri vewaini vekumba vanga vachishandisa tekinoroji iyi kwenguva yakareba uye yakawanda, kunyanya kune waini isina kugadzikana kubva kune yakasvibirira iyo isina kunaka mukuumbwa, umo mune mashoma acids, tannins, tannins inovimbisa kuchengetedzwa kwechinwiwa, semuenzaniso. kubva cherries, raspberries, currants, chokeberries. Kugadzirisa kunokosha kana iwe uchigadzira waini isina cellar kana cellar ine tembiricha yakaderera, kana kana uchizochembera waini yako yekumba kwemakore akati wandei.
3
Saka sei kusimbisa waini yakagadzirwa kumba zvachose? Handinzwisise.
- Rega kuvirisa nekukurumidza kuchengetedza kunaka kweiyo inofanirwa uye kutapira kwayo kwechisikigo pasina kuwedzera kweshuga.
- Kurumidza kuita bleaching pamamiriro emukamuri kuitira kuti usakanganise negelatin, zai rehuku kana ivhu. Kusimbisa kunouraya mbiriso yasara, inonaya uye waini inova yakareruka.
- Dzivirira kubatwazve. Semuenzaniso, wakagamuchira waini yakaoma yepramu. Asi dai kunwa kwaitapira. Muchiitiko ichi, iwe unongowedzera shuga kana fructose kwairi, uchiwedzera simba, kuitira kuti mbiriso yakasara muwaini isatanga kudya zvakare, kuwana zvokudya zvitsva.
- Wedzera hupenyu hwesherufu yewaini uye kudzivirira zvirwere. Doro chinhu chakanakisa chekuuraya utachiona. Waini dzakagadzirirwa kumba dzinenge dzisingatapukirwe nechirwere, hadzishanduke kuvava kana kuvhuvhuta, uye, kusiyana neakaoma, dzinogona kuchengetwa kwemakore mazhinji.
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Uye chii, kutsanya ndiyo chete nzira yekukanganisa kuvirisa?
Chokwadi kwete. Kune dzimwe nzira, asi imwe neimwe yadzo ine zvayakaipira. Semuenzaniso, kutonhora kunogona kuwedzera simba rekunwa uye panguva imwechete kuuraya mbiriso. Asi nzira iyi inoda firiji hombe, hombe nebasa rakawanda, uye inoparadzawo waini yakawanda. Mukugadzira, waini dzimwe nguva inoiswa pasteurized uye yakakoshwa mune vacuum. Zvese zviri pachena pano - kuravira kunowedzera, matannins anonyangarika, asi ini pachangu handizive kugadzira vacuum kumba. Imwe nzira ndeyekuchengetedza waini ne sulfur dioxide, Signor Gudimov achangobva kunyora nyaya pamusoro pezvakanaka uye zvakashata zveiyi nzira, iverenge. Saka kuwedzera doro ingori imwe nzira yekugadzirisa waini yakagadzirwa kumba. Asi zvirokwazvo ndiyo inonyanya kudhura, yakapusa, 100% ine hushamwari kwezvakatipoteredza uye yakakodzera kushandiswa pamba.
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Hongu, zvinonzwisisika. Uye kusvika papi kugadzirisa?
Waini inosimbiswa kuti iuraye mbiriso iri mairi. Naizvozvo, dhigirii rediki rinoenderana nekuti waini yakaviriswa nembiriso ipi. Mbiriso yemusango ine doro kushivirira kwe14-15%. Waini yakatengwa - nenzira dzakasiyana-siyana, kazhinji kusvika ku16, asi vamwe vanogona kurarama newaini yehuwandu hwehuwandu hwe17, 18 kana kupfuura madhigirii. Doro kana mbiriso yechingwa yekugadzira waini, ndinovimba, haizouye mupfungwa dzemunhu kuti ashandise. Muchidimbu, kana iwe ukaisa waini "self-fermented" kana pa raspberry, mazambiringa akaomeswa sourdough, unofanira kubata nedhigirii kusvika kune 16-17. Kana iwe wakatenga CKD - ingangoita kusvika 17-18.
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Mira. Ndinoziva sei madhigirii mangani muwaini yangu yekumba?
Apa ndipo panotangira mafaro. Zvechokwadi, iwe unogona kushandisa vinometer yakanaka, asi yakakodzera chete kuwaini yemazambiringa, uye kunze kwezviyero, waini inofanira kunge yatove yakanyatsojekeswa uye yakaoma. Nzira yechipiri, yakavimbika, mumaonero angu, ndeyekuyera density ne refractometer. Isu tinoyera kuwanda kweiyo inofanirwa pakutanga kwekuvirisa, zvino tisati tagadzirisa (pano tinoda AC-3 mhando hydrometer, sezvo refractometer icharatidza data risiri iro nekuda kwedoro rakaviriswa), kubvisa mutsauko uye kuverenga dhigirii maererano ne tafura yakakosha iyo inofanirwa kusungirirwa kune yekuyeresa mudziyo. Imwe sarudzo ndeyekuverenga madhigirii iwe pachako, uchishandisa matafura ekugadzira waini yemuchero waunogadzira waini (inogona kuwanikwa paInternet kana pawebhusaiti yedu, muzvinyorwa zvinoenderana).
Pane imwe nzira inonakidza - inoshanda zvakanyanya uye inodhura, asi inoda kuziva, saka ini ndichataura nezvazvo. Isu tinotora chikamu chewaini yatakagamuchira uye tinochiisa pasina kuparadzaniswa muzvikamu, kuoma. Isu tinoyera dhigirii neyakajairwa doro mita. Semuenzaniso, kubva pamarita makumi maviri ewaini takawana 20 malita e5-degree moonshine, iyo yakaenzana ne 40 ml yewaini yakakwana. Ndiko kuti, mune imwe litre yewaini maiva ne 2000 gramu yedoro, iyo inofananidzwa nesimba re 100 °. Iwe unogona kugadzirisa waini neiyo distillate imwechete, kamwe chete zvakare kuibvisa zvishoma.
Muchidimbu, hapana nzira dzakakwana dzekutsvaga kuti mangani madhigirii muwaini yako yekumba. Kubva pane zvakaitika ndinogona kutaura kuti waini yemichero ine mbiriso yemusango haigoni kuvirisa kupfuura 9-10 °. Iwe uchafanirwa kutarisa kune yako kuravira uye kushandisa nzira yekuedza uye yekukanganisa - gadzirisa waini uye kumirira. Kana yakaviriswa - gadzirisa zvakare. Uye zvichingodaro kusvika mhedzisiro.
Update (kubva 10.2019). Pane nzira yakareruka yekuona huwandu hwedoro resimba rakapihwa (tichasarudza simba razvino reiyo waini zvinhu zvichienderana nezviratidzo zve hydrometer pakutanga kwekuvirisa uye panguva ino), izvo zvinodiwa kusimbisa waini dzakagadzirwa kumba. Kuti uite izvi, shandisa formula:
A = doro remukati mumadoro ekugadzirisa
B = doro zvemukati zvewaini zvinhu kuti zvisimbiswe
C = inodiwa doro zvemukati zvechinwiwa
D = CB
E = AC
D/E = inodiwa huwandu hwedoro kugadzirisa
Semuenzaniso, isu tine 20 malita ewaini zvinhu zvine simba re11%, pakutsanya isu tichashandisa muchero brandy nesimba re80%. Chinangwa: tora waini ine simba re17%. Zvadaro:
A = 80; B = 111; C = 17; D = 6; E = 63
D / E u6d 63/0.095238 u20d 1,90 * XNUMX malita ewaini zvinhu uXNUMXd XNUMX litres yemuchero brandy
1 - kuverenga doro remukati wewaini zvinhu (B): kuverenga iyo inogona kuita doro (PA) isati yaviriswa uye PA ine simba rinokwevera ikozvino. Musiyano unokonzeresa weiyi PA uchave wakaenzana simba reiyo waini zvinhu panguva ino. Kuti uverenge PA, shandisa fomula:
PA = (0,6 *oBx)-1
Semuenzaniso, density yekutanga yaive 28 oBx, ikozvino - 11 obx. Zvadaro:
Pakutanga PA u0,6d (28 * 1) -15,8 uXNUMXd XNUMX%
Parizvino PA = (0,6*11)-1=5,6%
Inenge yazvino simba rewaini zvinhu: 10,2%
7
Hmm, zvakanaka ... Uye imhandoi yedoro yekusarudza kugadzirisa?
Kazhinji kazhinji, izvi zvinoitwa nedoro rinodhura - doro rakagadziriswa kana vodka, asi nzira iyi, hongu, iri kure nekanakisisa. Urombo husina kunaka "kazenka" huchanzwika muwaini kwenguva yakareba, kuparadza zvose zvinonakidza zvekunwa. Nzira yakanakisisa ndiyo brandy kubva kumuchero iyo waini pachayo inogadzirwa, somuenzaniso, mazambiringa - chacha, apuro - calvados, ye raspberry - framboise. Izvi, hongu, zvinotonhorera, asi mune zvehupfumi hazvina kururamiswa zvachose. Muchidimbu, iwe unogona kushandisa chero michero yemwedzi, iyo isiri tsitsi, asi icharamba ichiendesa zvimwe, pamwe zvisingafadzi, nuances yekuravira kuchinwiwa.
Nzira yekugadzira waini kumba kana iwe usingagadziri brandy uye hapana kwekuwana? Hapana chinosara - shandisa doro, zvakanaka chete. Iwe unogona kuita izvi - keke yakasara mushure mekugamuchira wort, kuisa muhari uye kudira doro. Isai kusvikira waini yavirisa, wobva wadhonza uye sefa. Matinctures akadaro, nenzira, akanaka kwazvo ari ega, uye akanyatsokodzera kusimbisa waini.
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Chii, kungoisa doro rakaoma muwort?
Aiwa, sei kuva neutsinye! Waini yakasimbiswa seizvi - chikamu chemudiwa chinodururwa (10-20 muzana) mumudziyo wakasiyana uye doro rinoderedzwa mukati maro, rakagadzirirwa kuwanda kwewaini yose. Rega zvizorore kwemaawa mashomanana, uye chete wozowedzera kune chinwiwa pachacho. Nenzira iyi unogona kugadzirisa waini pasina kuvhundutsa.
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Ndeipi nhanho yekuvirisa yakanakisa kuita izvi?
Nzira yekugadzira waini kubva kumazambiringa akasimbiswa inonzwisisika. Ndeipi nguva yakanaka yekuita izvi mubvunzo. Kuvirisa kunokanganiswa kunenge kubva pakutanga, semuenzaniso, pakugadzirira waini yechiteshi, doro rakasimba rinowedzerwa kune iyo inofanirwa kwemazuva 2-3. Kuvhiringidzwa kwekutanga kwekuvirisa kunokubvumira kuti uwedzere kuravira uye kunhuhwirira kwemazambiringa, mashuga echisikigo ari mubheri. Asi zvinotoda doro rakawanda, uye hunhu hwayo huchakanganisa kuravira kwechinwiwa chekupedzisira - muchidimbu, haugone kupfuura neshuga moonshine, unoda kanenge chacha yakanaka.
Iyo yakakwana nguva yekugadzirisa waini mushure mekupera kwekuvirisa nekukurumidza, apo mbiriso yatove yakakora shuga yese. Asi mune iyi kesi, chinwiwa chinozofanirwa kutapira zvisirizvo. Iyi nzira ichabvumira waini kuti ijekese nekukurumidza, kuderedza zvinodiwa zvechipiri chekuvirisa mamiriro - inogona kuchengetwa pakupisa kwekamuri, - bvumira waini kuti ivhare bhodhoro kare, kuisa pasherufu uye kukanganwa nezvazvo kwemakore mashoma. , pasina kunetseka kuti ichaparara kubva pakuchengetwa kusina kunaka. .
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Chii chekuita? Ndinogona kunwa pakarepo?
Chokwadi kwete. Pane zvinopesana, mazambiringa akasimbiswa anotora nguva yakareba kuti akure kupfuura mazambiringa akaoma - anotora nguva ye "kushamwaridzana" nedoro rakasimba - saka usati waita waini yakasimbiswa kumba, iva nechokwadi chokuti une nguva yakakwana uye kushivirira. Kutanga, mushure mekutsanya, chinwiwa chinofanira kudzivirirwa mumudziyo mukuru wakazadzwa neinenge 95%, zvichida munzvimbo inotonhorera. Muwaini yakavakirirwa, mvura inonaya inonaya nesimba - inofanira kuraswa nekudzikisira, zvikasadaro kuravira kunozovava. Pakange pasisina mhute muchirongo, waini inogona kuiswa mubhodhoro. Zvichave zvichibvira kutanga kuravira kwete mberi kwemwedzi mitanhatu gare gare, zviri nani - gore nehafu mushure mebhodhoro.