Izwi rekuti "kushushikana" rakaunzwa musainzi neAmerican psychophysiologist Walter Cannon. Mukunzwisisa kwake, kumanikidzika kuita kwomuviri kumamiriro ezvinhu umo mune kutamburira kurarama. Basa rekuita uku nderekubatsira munhu kuti azvichengetedze ari pakati nepakati nemhoteredzo yekunze. Mukududzirwa uku, kushushikana kuita kwakanaka. Izwi iri rakaitwa mukurumbira pasi rose neCanada pathologist uye endocrinologist Hans Selye. Pakutanga, akazvitsanangura pasi pezita rokuti "general adaptation syndrome", chinangwa chekugadzirisa muviri kutarisana nekutyisidzira kwehupenyu uye hutano. Uye nenzira iyi, kushushikana zvakare kuita kwakanaka.
Parizvino, mune classical psychology, marudzi maviri ekushushikana anosiyaniswa: eustress uye kushungurudzika. Eustress ndiko kuita kwemuviri, umo masisitimu ese emuviri anogadziriswa kugadzirisa uye kukunda zvipingamupinyi nekutyisidzira. Kushungurudzika kwatova mamiriro apo kugona kugadzirisa kunopera simba kana kutonyangarika pasi pekumanikidzwa kwekuremerwa. Inopedza nhengo dzemuviri, inoderedza masimba ezvirwere, semugumisiro, munhu anorwara. Nokudaro, mhando imwe chete ndeye "yakaipa" kushushikana, uye inokura chete kana munhu wacho asina kukwanisa kushandisa zviwanikwa zvekushungurudzika kwakanaka kukunda matambudziko.
Sezvineiwo, kushaikwa kwekuvhenekerwa kwevanhu kwakapenda pfungwa yekushushikana chete mumavara asina kunaka. Uyezve, vazhinji veavo vakarondedzera nenzira iyi vakapfuurira kubva kune chinangwa chakanaka chekunyevera pamusoro pengozi dzekutambudzika, asi havana kutaura nezve eustress. Semuenzaniso, muUnited States, ongororo yakaitwa iyo yakatora makore masere, zviuru makumi matatu zvevanhu vakapinda mairi. Mutori wechikamu mumwe nomumwe akabvunzwa kuti: “Kunetseka kwakadini kwawaifanira kutsungirira gore rapfuura?” Vakabva vabvunza mubvunzo wechipiri: "Unotenda here kuti kushushikana kwakaipa kwauri?". Gore rega rega, kufa kwevakapinda muchidzidzo kwakaongororwa. Zvigumisiro zvaive sezvizvi: pakati pevanhu vakawana kushungurudzika kwakanyanya, kufa kwakawedzera ne43%, asi chete pakati pevaya vaifunga kuti ine ngozi kune utano. Uye pakati pevanhu vakawana kushushikana kwakanyanya uye panguva imwe chete vasingatendi mungozi yayo, kufa hakuna kuwedzera. Vanhu vanosvika zana nemakumi masere nevaviri vakafa nekuti vaifunga kuti stress yaiuraya. Vatsvakurudzi vakagumisa kuti kudavira kwevanhu mungozi inofa yokushushikana mupfungwa kwakaita kuti ave pachinzvimbo chechi182 chinokonzera rufu chikuru muUnited States.
Zvechokwadi, izvo munhu anonzwa panguva yekushungurudzika zvinogona kumutyisa: kurova kwemwoyo, kuwedzera kwekufema kunowedzera, maonero ekuona anowedzera, kunzwa uye kunhuwa kunowedzera. Vanachiremba vanotaura kuti kurova kwemoyo uye kupfupika kwekufema, izvo zvinoratidza kuwandisa, zvinokuvadza kuhutano hwako, asi zvakafanana maitiro ezvenyama anoonekwa muvanhu, semuenzaniso, panguva ye orgasm kana mufaro mukuru, uye zvakadaro hapana anoona orgasm sekutyisidzira. Muviri unoita nenzira imwecheteyo kana munhu achiita noushingi uye noushingi. Vanhu vashomanana vanotsanangura kuti sei muviri uchizvibata panguva yekushungurudzika. Vanongonamira chikwangwani pachiri chinoti: "Zvinokuvadza uye zvine njodzi."
Muchokwadi, kuwedzera kurova kwemoyo uye kufema panguva yekushushikana kunofanirwa kupa muviri neokisijeni yakakwana, sezvo zvichidikanwa kukurumidza kuita kwemuviri, semuenzaniso, kumhanya nekukurumidza, kuve nekutsungirira kwakanyanya - iyi ndiyo nzira iyo muviri. inoedza kukuponesa kubva pakutyisidzira kunouraya. Nechinangwa chimwe chete, maonero enhengo dzekunzwa anowedzerwawo.
Uye kana munhu achibata kushushikana sekutyisidzira, zvino nekukurumidza kwemoyo, midziyo yakamanikana - mamiriro akafanana emwoyo nemidziyo yeropa anoonekwa nekurwadziwa mumoyo, chirwere chemoyo uye kutyisidzira kwekufa kuhupenyu. Kana tikachibata sechigadziro chinobatsira kutsungirira matambudziko, zvino nekukurumidza kwemoyo, midziyo inoramba iri mumamiriro ezvinhu. Muviri unovimba nepfungwa, uye ipfungwa inoraira muviri kuti ungapindura sei kune kushushikana.
Kushungurudzika kunokonzera kusunungurwa kweadrenaline uye oxytocin. Adrenaline inomhanyisa kurova kwemoyo. Uye chiito che oxytocin chinonyanya kufadza: chinoita kuti iwe uwedzere kushamwaridzana. Inonziwo cuddle hormone nekuti inoburitswa paunogumhana. Oxytocin inokukurudzira kusimbisa hukama, inoita kuti unzwire tsitsi uye utsigire vanhu vari pedyo newe. Inotikurudzira kutsvaga rutsigiro, kugovana zviitiko, uye kubatsira vamwe. Evolution yakaisa matiri basa rekunetsekana nezvehama. Isu tinoponesa vadikani kuti varege kushushikana nekuda kwekunetsekana kwavo. Mukuwedzera, oxytocin inogadzirisa masero emwoyo akakuvadzwa. Mhindumupindu inodzidzisa munhu kuti kutarisira vamwe kunoita kuti urarame panguva yemiedzo. Uyewo, nokutarisira vamwe, unodzidza kuzvitarisira. Nekukunda dambudziko rinoshungurudza kana kubatsira mudiwa kuburikidza nazvo, unowedzera kusimba, kushinga, uye moyo wako une hutano.
Paunorwisa stress, muvengi wako. Asi manzwire aunoita pamusoro pazvo anosarudza 80% yezvazvinoita pamuviri wako. Ziva kuti pfungwa nezviito zvinogona kukanganisa izvi. Kana iwe ukashandura mafungiro ako kune akanaka, ipapo muviri wako uchaita zvakasiyana nekunetseka. Nemafungiro akanaka, achava shamwari yako ine simba.