Mukuronga, zvinyorwa zvinogona kunge zvinobatsira chimiro chedata sezvirongwa. Ndeapi mazita, maitiro ekuagadzira? Maitiro ekushanda nemazita muPython? Iwe uchadzidza pamusoro peizvi kubva kuchinyorwa chedu.

Ndezvipi zvinyorwa muPython?

Rondedzero dzinogona kutariswa zvishoma nearrays, asi mutsauko uye mukana wezvinyorwa (zvikasadaro iwo anonziwo rondedzero) ndewekuti anogona kusanganisa akasiyana data mhando. Kureva kuti, rondedzero inovhura mikana yakawanda yekuchengetedza chero kutevedzana kwezvinhu. Musiyano, unonzi rudungwe, une chirevo chechimiro chiri mundangariro chine mareferenzi ezvimwe zvimiro.

Rondedzero muPython muunganidzwa wakarairwa wezvinhu zvemhando dzakasanganiswa zvinogona kugadziridzwa uye izvo zvinhu zvingasiyana.

Zvinorevei? Ngatitarisei tsanangudzo yacho zvakadzama.

Saizi yerondedzero inogona kuchinjwa, kuderedzwa, mitsva mitsva yakawedzerwa kwairi. Iwe unogona zvakare kushandura chimiro chese cherondedzero. Ramba uchiyeuka kuti pose panoshandiswa nzira iri murondedzero, runyoro rwepakutanga runochinjwa, kwete kopi.

Kuti ujekeswe zvakanyanya, unogona kufunga nezve rondedzero muPython serondedzero yezvigadzirwa zvinoda kutengwa muchitoro. Kana, paunenge uchiita hurongwa hwekutenga, zvinhu zvese zvinodiwa zvinowanikwa pazasi pechimwe, uye chimwe nechimwe chazvo chine mutsara waro, saka rondedzero muPython ine zvinhu zvese zvakapatsanurwa nemakoma uye mumabhuraketi akaenzana kuitira kuti Python anzwisise izvozvo. rondedzero inoratidzwa pano. Zvinhu zvakavharirwa mumakotesheni. Ichi chiitiko chinosungirwa, nekuti chimwe nechimwe chinhu mutsara wakasiyana.

Nzira dzekugadzira rondedzero

Tichienda kumuenzaniso wekare, ngatigadzire runyoro rwatichashandisa nekugadzirisa mune ramangwana. Pane nzira dzakawanda dzekugadzira zvinyorwa.

Imwe yacho ndeye application yakavakirwa-mukati basa runyorwa (). Kuti uite izvi, unofanirwa kugadzirisa chero chinhu chinogona kudzokororwa (tambo, tuple, kana rondedzero iripo). Muchiitiko ichi, tambo.

Hezvino izvo zvinoitika pakupedzisira:

>>> list('list') ['c', 'n','i', 'c', 'o', 'ku']

Muenzaniso wechipiri unoratidza kuti zvinyorwa zvinogona kuve nenhamba isina muganho yezvinhu zvakasiyana kwazvo. Zvakare, rondedzero inogona kuramba isina chinhu.

>>> s = [] # Empty list >>> l = ['s', 'p', ['isok'], 2] >>> s [] >>> l ['s', 'p' , ['isok'], 2]

Iyo inotevera, yechitatu, nzira yekugadzira rondedzero ndiyo inonzi rondedzero jenareta.

Iyo rondedzero jenareta ndeye syntactic yekugadzira yekugadzira zvinyorwa. Iyo yakafanana neye loop.

>>> c = [c * 3 ye c mu 'list'] >>> c ['ll', 'iii', 'ss', 'ttt']

Inogona zvakare kushandiswa kugadzira mamwe mavhoriyamu zvimiro:

>>> c = [c * 3 ye c mu 'list' kana c != 'i'] >>> c ['ll', 'sss', 'ttt'] >>> c = [c + d for c mu 'list' kana c != 'i' ye d mu 'spam' if d != 'a'] >>> c ['ls', 'lp', 'lm', 'ss', 'sp' , 'sm', 'ts', 'tp', 'tm']

Nekudaro, iyi nzira yechizvarwa haiwanzo shanda pakunyora akawanda mazita. Naizvozvo, zvinokurudzirwa kushandisa iyo loop kugadzira zvinyorwa.

Kana iwe uchida kutarisa kune chero chinhu kubva pane iyo rondedzero, ipapo indexes inoshandiswa. Chimwe nechimwe chine index chayo.

Indekisi ndiyo nhamba yechinhu chiri muhurongwa.

Kana iwe uchida kuzadza rondedzero nekudzokorora, zvinhu zvakafanana, iyo * chiratidzo chinoshandiswa. Semuenzaniso, iwe unofanirwa kuwedzera nhamba nhatu dzakafanana kune iyo rondedzero: [100] * 3.

Kunyora mabasa

mabasa - iyi ingangove mukana mukuru wePython pamusoro pemimwe mitauro yekuronga. Basic akavakirwa-mukati mabasa anogona kuiswa kune zvinyorwa.

Funga zvinonyanya kufarirwa kwavari:

• list(range( )) - kana basa racho riri kugadzira rondedzero yakatevedzana, ipapo basa remhando rinoshandiswa. Iri basa rine mafomu anotevera:

1. range (kuguma). Inoshandiswa pazvinenge zvakakodzera kugadzira rondedzero kubva ku zero kusvika kune inogumira nhamba.
2. range(kutanga, kupera). Nhamba dzekutanga nedzokupedzisira dzinotsanangurwa.
3. range(kutanga, kupera, nhanho). Nhanho parameter inotsanangura maitiro ekusarudza. Semuenzaniso, kana iwe uchida kusarudza nhamba yega yega yechishanu kubva pakutevedzana kubva pa1 kusvika ku21, zvino mhedzisiro inobuda ichaita senge: [10,15, 20].

Basa rakasiyana-siyana rinogona kuderedza zvakanyanya kuwanda kwekodhi.

• flax (rondedzero) - inokutendera iwe kuti uone kuti zvingani zvinhu zviri murondedzero.
• yakarongwa (rondedzero, [kiyi]) - inoronga zvinhu zviri murunyoro muhurongwa hwekukwira.
• max (rondedzero) - inodzorera chinhu chikuru.
• min (rondedzero) - yakatarisana nebasa - inobvumidza iwe kudzosa iyo element neiyo shoma kukosha.

Iwe unogona zvakare kushandisa mamwe akavakirwa-mukati mabasa:

• list(tuple) - Inoshandura chinhu chetuple kuita runyorwa.
• sum(rondedzero) - inoverengera zvinhu zvese murunyorwa kana zvese zvakakosha zviri manhamba, zvinoshanda kune ese ari maviri manhamba uye decimals. Zvisinei, haawanzozviwana zvakarurama. Kana pane chisiri chenhamba pane iyo rondedzero, basa rinokanda chikanganiso: “TypeError: unsupported operand type(s) ye +: 'int' uye 'str'”.

Kunyora Nzira

Ngatidzokere kune yedu runyorwa rwezvinhu zvekutenga muchitoro tozvidaidza kuti shoplist:

shoplist = []

Zvadaro, funga nzira dzekunyora:

• kuwedzera (chinhu) - nerubatsiro rwayo, unogona kuwedzera chinhu kune iyo rondedzero. Muchiitiko ichi, chinhu chitsva chichava pamagumo.

Ngatizadzei runyorwa rwedu rutsva nezvigadzirwa zvakakodzera:

shoplist.append(bread)

shoplist.append(mukaka)

• list.wedzera (A) - anowedzera "rondedzero kunyorwa". Ichi chimiro chinochengetedza nguva sezvo iwe uchigona kuwedzera akawanda zvinhu panguva imwe chete. Ngatiti isu tatova nerondedzero yemichero, tinoda kuiwedzera kune iyo huru rondedzero.

shoplist.extend(fruits)

• isa (index, chinhu) - inoisa pane chinhu chine index yakataurwa kukosha kwakatarwa pamberi peiyo index yakataurwa.
• lcount(chinhu) - inoratidza nhamba yekudzokorora kwechinhu.
• list.Bvisa(chinhu) ndiro rinopikisa basa list.kuwedzera (x). Inogona kushandiswa kubvisa chero chinhu. Kana chinhu chakasarudzwa chisiri muhurongwa, kukanganisa kunoshumwa.
• pop ([index]) - inobvisa chinhu chakasarudzwa uye ichidzosera nenzira imwecheteyo. Kana chinhu chisina kutaurwa, ipapo chekupedzisira chinobviswa kubva pane rondedzero.
• ronga ([kiyi]) - inoisa zvinhu muzvinyorwa mukukwira kurongeka, asi iwe unogona zvakare kutsanangura basa.
• index(chinhu) - inoratidza indekisi yechinhu chekutanga chakasarudzwa.
• Iwe unogona kuwedzera rondedzero, kureva, girazi zvinhu zvayo zvese, uchishandisa nzira reverse(list). Chinhu chekupedzisira chinova chekutanga, chekupedzisira chinova chechipiri, zvichingodaro.
• Ikopi yezvinyorwa inogadzirwa nemurairo kopi (rondedzero).
• deepcopy(list) - kukopa kwakadzika.
• Bvisa zvinhu zvese zvekunyora uchishandisa nzira clear(list).

Zvakakosha kuziva kuti nzira dzekunyora dzinosiyana nenzira dzetambo pakuti dzinokurumidza kuchinja rondedzero, kureva kuti, hapana chikonzero chekudzorera chigumisiro chekuuraya.

>>> l = [1, 2, 3, 5, 7] >>> l.sort() >>> l [1, 2, 3, 5, 7] >>> l = l.sort() > >> dhinda(l) Hapana

Unotevera muenzaniso wekushanda nemazita:

>>> a = [66.25, 333, 333, 1, 1234.5] >>> dhinda(a.count(333), a.count(66.25), a.count('x')) 2 1 0 >>> a.insert(2, -1) >>> a.append(333) >>> a [66.25, 333, -1, 333, 1, 1234.5, 333] >>> a.index(333) 1 >> > a.remove(333) >>> a [66.25, -1, 333, 1, 1234.5, 333] >>> a.reverse() >>> a [333, 1234.5, 1, 333, -1, 66.25] ] >>> a.sort() >>> a [-1, 1, 66.25, 333, 333, 1234.5]