Vamwe vanhu vanotenda kuti nyaya yekudya kana kusadya nyama inyaya yemunhu wese uye hapana ane kodzero yekumanikidza kuda kwavo. Ini handisi mumwe wevanhu ivavo, uye ndichakuudza chikonzero nei.
Kana mumwe munhu akakupa brownie uye akakuudza kuti ine shuga yakawanda sei, macalorie, kuti inonaka sei, uye kuti inodhura zvakadini, unogona kusarudza kuidya. Izvi zvichava sarudzo yako. Kana, pashure pokunge waidya, wakaendeswa kuchipatara uye mumwe munhu akakuudza kuti: “Nenzira, makanga mune arsenic mukeke,” zvimwe uchakatyamadzwa.
Kuva nesarudzo hakuna zvakunobatsira kana iwe usingazivi zvese zvinogona kuikanganisa. Kana zviri zvenyama nehove, hapana chatinoudzwa nezvazvo, vanhu vazhinji havana chavanoziva panyaya idzi. Ndiani angakudavira kana ukati vana muAfrica neAsia vari kufa nenzara kuti isu vokuMadokero tidye nyama? Iwe unofunga kuti chii chingaitika dai vanhu vaiziva kuti chikamu chimwe muzvitatu chepasi chave kushanduka kuita gwenga nekuda kwekugadzirwa kwenyama. Zvingadai zvakakatyamadza vanhu kuziva kuti inenge hafu yemakungwa enyika yava pedyo nengwavaira yezvipenyu nokuda kwokuredza kukuru.
Gadzirisa puzzle: chii chigadzirwa chatiri kugadzira vanhu vakawanda vari kufa nenzara? Ramwa? Mhinduro inyama. Vanhu vazhinji havadaviri izvi, asi ichokwadi. Chikonzero ndechokuti kugadzirwa kwenyama hakusi kwehupfumi, kuitira kuti ubudise kilogiramu imwe yenyama, makirogiramu gumi emapuroteni emiriwo anofanira kushandiswa. Pane kudaro, vanhu vanogona kudyiswa mapuroteni emiriwo chete.
Chinoita kuti vanhu vafe nenzara imhaka yekuti vanhu vekumadokero vakapfuma vanodya zvirimwa zvakawanda zvekudyisa zvipfuyo zvavo. Zvakatonyanya kuipa nekuti nyika dzekuMadokero dzinogona kumanikidza dzimwe, nyika dzakapfuma kushoma kuti varime chikafu chezvipfuyo zvavo ivo vachigona kuzvirima kuti vazvidye.
Saka chii kuMadokero uye vanhu vakapfuma ava chii? Madokero ndiyo chikamu chenyika chinodzora kutenderera kwemari, indasitiri uye ine hupenyu hwepamusoro. Kumadokero kunosanganisira nyika dzeEurope, kusanganisira UK, pamwe neUSA neCanada, dzimwe nguva nyika idzi dzinonzi Northern Block. Zvisinei, kuMaodzanyemba kunewo nyika dzine hupenyu hwepamusoro, dzakadai seJapan, Australia neNew Zealand, nyika zhinji dzekumaodzanyemba kwenyika inyika dzine urombo.
Vanhu vanosvika mabhiriyoni manomwe vanogara panyika yedu, vangangoita chikamu chimwe muzvitatu vanogara kuMaodzanyemba kwakapfuma uye zvikamu zviviri muzvitatu muSouth ine urombo. Kuti tirarame, tese tinoshandisa zvigadzirwa zvekurima - asi muhuwandu hwakasiyana.
Somuenzaniso, i mwana akaberekerwa muUnited States achashandisa 12 nguva yakawanda yezviwanikwa muhupenyu kupfuura mwana akaberekerwa muBangladesh: 12 nguva yakawanda yehuni, mhangura, simbi, mvura, ivhu, nezvimwewo. Zvimwe zvezvikonzero zvekusiyana uku zviri munhoroondo. Mazana emakore apfuura, varwi vanobva kuchamhembe vakakunda nyika dzekumaodzanyemba ndokuvashandura kuva makoroni, chaizvoizvo, ivo vachiri vedzi nyika idzi. Vakaita izvi nekuti nyika dzekumaodzanyemba dzaive dzakapfuma mumhando dzose dzezviwanikwa. MaEuropean colonialists akashandisa nyika idzi, vakavamanikidza kuti vape zvigadzirwa zvinodiwa pakushanda kweindasitiri. Vazhinji vagari vemumakoroni vakatorerwa minda uye vakamanikidzwa kurima zvigadzirwa zvekurima kune nyika dzeEurope. Munguva iyi, mamiriyoni evanhu kubva kuAfrica akaendeswa nechisimba kuUnited States neEurope kunoshanda sevaranda. Ichi ndicho chimwe chezvikonzero nei Maodzanyemba ave akapfuma uye aine simba.
Colonization yakamira makore makumi mana kana makumi mashanu apfuura mushure mekunge makoroni awanazve rusununguko, kazhinji munguva yehondo. Kunyange zvazvo nyika dzakadai seKenya neNigeria, India neMalaysia, Ghana nePakistan dzava kunzi dzakasununguka, kudzorwa nekoloni kwakadziita varombo uye kutsamira kunyika dzokuMadokero. Nokudaro, apo Madokero anoti anoda zviyo kuti adyise mombe dzawo, Maodzanyemba haana imwe nzira kunze kwekuirima. Iyi ingori imwe yenzira shoma nyika idzi dzingawana mari yekubhadhara matekinoroji matsva uye zvinhu zvakakosha zvemaindasitiri zvinogona kutengwa kuMadokero. Kumadokero hakusi kungova nezvinhu zvakawanda nemari, asiwo kune zvakawanda zvezvokudya. Ehe, kwete maAmerica chete anodya nyama yakakura, asi kazhinji vagari vese vekuMadokero.
MuUK, avhareji yenyama inodyiwa nemunhu mumwe chete makirogiramu makumi manomwe nerimwe pagore. MuIndia, kune makirogiramu maviri chete enyama pamunhu, muAmerica, 71 makirogiramu.
MuUnited States, vana vane makore 7 kusvika ku13 vanodya mahamburger matanhatu nehafu vhiki yoga yoga; uye Fast Food maresitorendi anotengesa 6.7 bhiriyoni hamburger gore rega rega.
Kushuvira kwakashata kwakadaro kwemahamburger kune kukanganisa pasirese. Chete mumireniyumu ino, uye kunyanya kubva panguva iyo vanhu vakatanga kudya nyama yakawanda kudaro - kusvika nhasi, apo vanodya nyama vanoparadza nyika.
Kutenda kana kwete, kune mhuka dzakarimwa dzakapetwa katatu sevanhu vari panyika - 16.8 bhiriyoni. Mhuka dzagara dzine havi huru uye dzinogona kudya makomo ezvokudya. Asi zvizhinji zvinopedzwa zvinobuda kune rimwe divi zvoparara. Mhuka dzese dzakasimudzirwa kugadzira zvigadzirwa zvenyama dzinodya mapuroteni akawanda kupfuura adzinogadzira. Nguruve inodya makirogiramu mapfumbamwe eprotein yemuriwo kuitira kuti ibudise kirogiramu imwe yenyama ukuwo huku ichidya makirogiramu mashanu kuti ibudise kirogiramu imwe yenyama.
Mhuka dziri muUnited States chete dzinodya uswa hwakakwana uye soya beans kudyisa chikamu chimwe muzvitatu chevagari vepasi, kana kuti vagari vese veIndia neChina. Asi mombe dziriko dzakawanda zvekuti kana nadzo hadzina kukwana uye kudya kwemombe kwakawanda kunotengwa kubva kunze kwenyika. US inototenga nyama yemombe kubva kunyika dzisina kusimukira dzeCentral neSouth Africa.
Zvichida muenzaniso wakajeka wemarara unogona kuwanikwa muHaiti, inozivikanwa zviri pamutemo seimwe yenyika dzine hurombo pasi rose, uko vanhu vazhinji vanoshandisa ivhu rakanakisa uye rakaorera kurima uswa hunonzi alfalfa uye makambani makuru epasi rese anonyanya kubhururuka zvipfuyo. kuenda kuHaiti kubva kuUS kunofudza nekuisa huremu. Mhuka dzinobva dzaurayiwa uye zvitunha zvinodzoserwa kuUS kunogadzira mamwe mahamburger. Kuti vape zvokudya kuzvipfuwo zveAmerica, vanhuwo zvavo vokuHaiti vanosundirwa munzvimbo dzakakwirira, kwavanoedza kurima nzvimbo dzakashata.
Kuti varime zvokudya zvinokwana kuti vararame, vanhu vanoshandisa ivhu zvakanyanyisa kusvikira rava dongo uye risina basa. Yisinke natu vhura kurugana, vantu kuhamena kuhamena eharo lyendi. Asi hadzisi mombe dzemuAmerica chete dzinodya zvakawanda zvechikafu chenyika. European Union ndiyo inonyanya kutenga chikafu chemhuka kunze kwenyika - uye chikamu che60% chechikafu ichi chinobva kunyika dziri kumaodzanyemba. Fungidzira kuti inzvimbo yakawanda sei iyo UK, France, Italy neNew Zealand inotora pamwechete. Uye iwe uchawana chaizvo nzvimbo yenyika inoshandiswa munyika dzine urombo kurima chikafu chemhuka.
Mapurazi akawanda ari kushandiswa kudyisa uye kufudza mhuka dzepapurazi dzinosvika mabhiriyoni 16.8. Asi chakanyanya kutyisa ndechekuti nzvimbo yevhu rakaorera iri kuramba ichidzikira, nepo kuberekwa kwegore negore panyika kuri kukura nguva dzose. Zviverengero zviviri hazvibatanidzi. Somugumisiro, zvikamu zviviri muzvitatu (zvevarombo) zvevagari vepasi vanorarama kubva paruoko kuenda kumuromo kuitira kuchengetedza mararamiro epamusoro kune chikamu chimwe muzvitatu chevakapfuma.
Muna 1995, World Health Organization yakabudisa mushumo unonzi "Filling the Gap", iyo yakatsanangura mamiriro ezvinhu aripo senjodzi yenyika yose. Maererano neshumo mazana emamiriyoni evanhu vari kuMaodzanyemba vanorarama upenyu hwavo hwose muurombo hwakanyanya, uye vana vanenge mamiriyoni gumi nerimwe vanofa gore negore nehosha nemhaka yekushaya zvokudya zvinovaka muviri. Mukaha uripo pakati peMaodzanyemba neMaodzanyemba uri kuramba uchikura zuva nezuva uye kana mamiriro ezvinhu akasachinja, nzara, urombo nezvirwere zvichapararira zvakatokurumidza pakati pezvikamu zviviri muzvitatu zvevagari vepasi.
Hwaro hwedambudziko guru guru rekudya uye ivhu rinoshandiswa kugadzira nyama. Sir Crispin Tekal vekuOxford, chipangamazano wehurumende yeUK nezvezvakatipoteredza, vanoti hazvigoneke kuti ruzhinji rwepasi rose (6.5 bhiriyoni) vararame nenyama chete. Munyika hamuna zviwanikwa zvakadaro. Chete 2.5 bhiriyoni vanhu (isingasviki hafu yehuwandu hwevanhu) vanogona kudya nenzira yekuti vanowana 35% yemacalorie avo kubva kune zvigadzirwa zvenyama. (Ndiwo madyiro anoita vanhu veUnited States.)
Chimbofungidzira kuti ivhu rakawanda sei raigona kuchengetedzwa uye kuti vanhu vangani vaigona kudyiswa kudai mapuroteni ose emuriwo aishandiswa kudyisa zvipfuwo akadyiwa muchimiro chawo chakachena navanhu. Inenge 40% yegorosi nechibage zvinopihwa kuzvipfuwo, uye nzvimbo huru dzevhu dzinoshandiswa kurima alfalfa, nzungu, turnips uye tapioca yekudyisa. Nekureruka kumwe chete paidzi nyika zvaizoita kurima chikafu chevanhu.
“Kudai nyika yose yaitevera kudya kwezvinomera—kudyiwa nezvokudya zvemiti nezvinogadzirwa nomukaka zvakadai somukaka, chizi nebhata,” anodaro Tikel, “ipapo paizova nezvokudya zvinokwana kudyisa vanhu mabhiriyoni 6 iye zvino. Kutaura idi, kudai munhu ari wose akava anodya mirivo ndokubvisa zvinhu zvose zvenyama namazai muzvokudya zvavo, ipapo chiverengero chavagari vapasi chaigona kudyiswa nechisingasviki chikamu chimwe muzvina chenyika yarimwa zvino!
Zvechokwadi, kudya nyama hakusi iko kwega kunokonzera nzara yenyika, asi ndicho chimwe chezvikonzero zvikuru. Kuti Usarega chero munhu upi zvake achikuudza kuti vanodya miriwo vane hanya nemhuka chete!
“Mwanakomana wangu akaita kuti ini nomudzimai wangu Carolyn tive vanhu vanodya miriwo. Vakataura kuti kana munhu wese akadya zviyo pachinzvimbo chekudyisa zvipfuyo, hapana anofa nenzara. Tony Benn