Mold
Izwi rokuti "mold" rinozivikanwa kune mumwe nomumwe wedu, uye munhu wose anoziva kuti chinhu ichi chinotaridzika sei. Asi havasi vese vaifunga kuti chii chaizvo uye kuti chinobva kupi mudzimba dzedu. Zvino tichataura nezvazvo chete.
Mould inodaidzwa kuti microscopic fungi inoumba hunhu hwemabhinya pamusoro pemitumbi yezvisikwa, zvichiita kuti chikafu chiparare.
Nyika yedu yagara ichizivikanwa nezvemhando yechikafu, saka kune vazhinji vedu hazvisati zvanyatsojeka - zvinogoneka sei kuisa zvigadzirwa zvehutu mukudya? Asi mold yakasiyanawo! Rangarira, somuenzaniso, zvakawanwa zvinokosha zvakadai sepenicillin!
Mold inotanga pakarepo mushure mekufa kwechirimwa uye mhuka yemhuka. Mold inotanga kuumba, ipapo mabhakitiriya. Mold, sekutonga, inoratidzika kune mamiriro ezvinhu akanaka kune iyo - mold spores inotanga kumera, uye inowedzera nokukurumidza zvikuru! Dai taive ne microscope pedyo uye kunyange chigadzirwa chiduku (somuenzaniso, cheese), saka taizotyiswa nekuitarisa pakuwedzera kwakawanda - nhamba yezviputi zvinongori mumabhiriyoni!
- mwando wakakwirira
- tembiricha mukamuri iri 17 - 30 madhigirii Celsius.
Mold haidi kuchena uye mhepo yakaoma zvakanyanya; haufanirwe kufefetera mukamuri kana kuchinaya, kuchitonhora uye kuchinyorova kunze. Izvo zvakakoshawo kuziva kuti mold inogonawo kukanganisa chikafu chechando, izvi zvinoitika zvisingaite, asi zvakadaro - zvitarise kakawanda. Usachengeta chikafu chakaoma kwenguva yakareba - kwete kupfuura mwedzi. Maitiro ekuora uye kuora anoitika zvishoma nezvishoma kunyange pakupisa kwakadzika.
Sezvatataura pamusoro, mold imhando yakakosha yefungus. Kwenguva yekutanga munyika, masayendisiti muPoland akaita zvidzidzo zvakakosha zvakaratidza kuti mold (isingaonekwi fungi, asi spores yayo) inokonzera chirwere cheropa chakakomba se leukemia. Zvakaonekwa zvakare kuti nzungu dzakabatwa ne mold dzine huturu hwakasimba zvekuti dzinogona kukonzera cancer. Vagari vemuguta vanopedza nguva yakawanda yehupenyu hwavo munzvimbo dzekugara, uye, sekutonga, nzvimbo idzi dzakavharwa (ingava motokari, imba kana hofisi). Kureva kuti tinofema mweya uri mumba chete. Lung niches inokwanisa kusefa ma microbes akawanda zvakanaka, asi mold spores ane zvayakaita - inopfuura turakiti rekufema isina kuvharidzirwa, inogara zvakadzika mumapapu uye inopinda kunyange mukati memapapu chaiwo. Zvakaonekwawo kuti munzvimbo umo allergies vanorwara uye asthmatics kurarama, mold aivapo 80 nyaya kubva 100. Kune kunyange mhando mold ane spores anogona kukonzera diathesis muvana, allergies (iyo nekufamba kwenguva, kana isina kutarisirwa. , inogona kushanduka kuita asima). Kuti udzivirire mwana wako kubva kune allergies, gara uchinyorova, chengeta chikafu chiri mumba chiri chitsva, uye ipa mwana wako chikafu chakabikwa kumba.
Mold inogona kuoneka chero kupi, asi madzimai mazhinji epamba vanosangana nayo mufiriji yavo. Mubvunzo unomuka pakarepo: nzira yekubata nayo ne moldy zvigadzirwa? Kazhinji kupfuura chero chigadzirwa, chingwa chinotambura ne mold. Anorwara nefungus iyi atova pazuva rechipiri kana rechitatu mushure mekutenga. Madzimai mazhinji epamba, awana kushamisika kusingafadzi kwakadaro, anongocheka nzvimbo yakakanganiswa ne mold, uye kushandisa chakasara chechingwa chekudya. Hapana mumwe wedu akafunga nezvekuti nzira iyi haina ngozi sei kune hutano hwedu uye hutano hwemhuri yedu.
Kutenda kutsvagurudzo yesainzi, takadzidza kuti zvigadzirwa zveupfu zvinokanganiswa neforoma uye zvigadzirwa zvemukaka, seyoghurt, zvinofanirwa kuraswa zvachose (sezvo zvine porous chimiro, uye mold spores inopararira kwete kumusoro chete, asiwo kune. iyo yakadzika kwazvo yechigadzirwa chemukaka kana furawa chigadzirwa ).
Pane chimwe chiduku chiduku kune mutemo uyu - chizi yakaoma. Kana iwe ukaona kuti mold yakaumbwa pachizi yakadaro, saka unogona kucheka nzvimbo yakakanganisika yeu2bu4bthe chigadzirwa (XNUMX-XNUMX cm), uye kunyangwe mushure mekunyengera uku, usadye cheese yasara (zvinei, inogona kushandiswa. kugadzira pizza).
Zvichida, mumwe nomumwe wedu aifanira kutarisana nehutu pajamu. Vamwe vadzimai vepamba vanonzwa tsitsi nokuda kwokurasa chinhu chavo chavanoda zvikuru chakagadzirwa namaoko avo vamene, uye vanorangarira nezvepenicillin, kana kuti chizi chapamusoro chine chakuvhe. Chete mold iyi haina chekuita nepenicillin, kana machizi anonhuwirira anodhura! Mushure mezvose, mold inoshandiswa muzvigadzirwa inokura zvakanyanya uye yakagadzirirwa, uye zvigadzirwa zvepamba zvemuvhu zvine zana remakemikari ane chepfu kuvanhu. Zviumbwa zvemumba uye zvinonaka zvechizi zvine mazita akasiyana uye zvine maitiro akasiyana pamuviri wemunhu.
Kana chiitiko chakadaro chakaitika, saka haufanirwe kuchibata zvisina basa. Hongu, iwe haungafi kubva pakuwedzera kusingafadzi kwakadaro pakudya kwako, asi ichiri chepfu yakakomba. Chiropa chinotanga kutambura, sekunge chero chepfu yekudya, zvisinei nehupfu. Iwe unofanirwa kunwa pakarepo activated charcoal (1 piritsi pa10 kilogiramu yehuremu hwemunhu), kana yakawanda yakaora chigadzirwa ichidyiwa, zvinokurudzirwa kunwa mhinduro ye potassium permanganate kuchenesa dumbu. Mushure meizvi, iwe unofanirwa kunwa mvura yakawanda yakachena, iwe unogona nemon, inodziya isina simba tei, kuitira kuti muviri uchenese nekukurumidza. Kuti uwanezve reinsurance, unogona kutenga mushonga unodzorera masero echiropa.
Usafunga kuti chero mold inokuvadza uye yakaipa. Kune mhando dzakawanda dzeforoma, saka ngatimbodzitarisai.
noble mold
Munyika Yedu, fungus iyi inonzi grey rot, kutaura zvazviri, microbiologists vakaitumidza zita rekuti Botrytis cinerea (kutanga inouraya muviri pachayo, uye yozodya pamatishu akafa). Munyika yedu, vanhu vanotambura zvikuru nefungus iyi, sezvo zvinhu zvakawanda zvinodyiwa (majiroji, michero, miriwo) hazvigoneki nekuda kwayo. Asi, iwe unogona kushamisika, muGermany, France neHungary, nekuda kwerudzi urwu rwefungus, mhando dzakakurumbira uye dzinonaka dzewaini dzinobudiswa. Nokudaro, zvinova pachena kuti sei munyika idzi mold iyi inonzi "noble".
bhuruu muforoma
Kana iyo inokudzwa mold yakadzidzwa kwete kare kare, saka bhuruu mold yave ichizivikanwa kubvira kare. Rudzi urwu rwekuumbwa chinhu chakakosha chemarble cheeses (Roquefort, Gorgonzola, Dor blue).
Muchena chena
Mhando iyi ye mold (Pinicillium camamberti uye caseicolum) inowedzerwawo kune cheese panguva yekugadzirira kwayo kuwedzera chinyorwa chakasiyana kune unhu hwekunaka. Nerubatsiro rwewhite mold, machizi ane mukurumbira anonhuwirira akadai saCamembert naBrie anozvarwa. Uyezve, Camembert inoonekwa seyakanyanya kukosha pakupera kwezuva rekupera.
Rangarira kuti chizi chemhando yepamusoro chete chine mold inoyevedza haina kukuvadza kumuviri, ine zvakawanda zvekutevera zvinhu. Asi kunyangwe chigadzirwa chemhando yepamusoro chakadaro hachikurudzirwe kuvakadzi vane pamuviri nevana, uye iwe haufanirwe kushungurudza kana.