Howa ane michero miviri yechimiro chisina kujairika

Amai hunhu vane rupo nezvinoshamisa. Humwe howa hune chimiro chisina kujairika zvekuti munhu anogona kungoshamiswa nekutarisa zvahwo zvinoshamisa. Kune miviri yemichero inoita sedhisiki kana funnel, imwe yakafanana neuropi kana chigaro, uye dzimwe nguva kune iyo yakafanana nenyeredzi. Iwe unogona kuwana mafoto uye tsananguro dzeakanyanya kujairika howa mune ino chinyorwa.

Howa husina kujairika kubva kumhuri dzeDiscinaceae neLobe

Common line (Gyromitra esculenta).

Mhuri: Discinaceae (Discinaceae)

Mwaka: kupera kwaApril - kupera kwaMay

Kukura: ndoga uye mumapoka

Description:

Gumbo racho rakapetwa zvishoma, rinowanzoremerwa richienda kunheyo, mhango, chiedza.

Iyo pulp ine waxy, isina kusimba, yakareruka, isina kunhuhwirira kwakakosha.

Mucheto wechivharo unonamatira kune hunde pamwe chete nehurefu hwose. Chivharo chakapetwa-chakapeta, cheuropi-chakaita, chitsvuku, chinopenya nezera. Mukati me cap mune sinuously hollow

Howa hwakaumbwa zvisina kujairika uhu hune chepfu. Iine gyromitrins inoparadza ropa, pamwe nepakati tsinga system, chiropa uye gastrointestinal turakiti.

Ecology uye kugovera: Inokura mumasango akasanganiswa uye coniferous, muminda midiki yepine, munzvimbo dzakachena, munzira.

Curly lobe (Helveslla crispa).

Mhuri: Lopatnikovye (Helvesllaceae).

Mwaka: kupera kwaAugust-October.

Kukura: mumwe uye mumapoka.

Description:

Iyo pulp ine brittle, chena, haina hwema.

Hat, curved, two- or four-lobed, light yellow kana ocher. Mucheto wecap wakasununguka, wavy-curly, mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzakakura.

Gumbo rine foveate-striated, rakakwidziridzwa kusvika pagadziko, mhango, chiedza.

Howa hunogona kudyiwa husina kunaka. Inoshandiswa patsva (mushure mekubikira kwekutanga nekudonhedza muto) uye yakaomeswa.

Ona kuti iyi mushroom isina kujairika inotaridzika sei pamufananidzo:

Ecology uye kugovera:

Inokura mumasango ane deciduous uye akasanganiswa, mumakwenzi, muuswa, pedyo nemigwagwa. Zvinoitika kashoma.

Pitted lobe (Helvetia lacunosa).

Mhuri: Lopatnikovye (Helvesllaceae).

Mwaka: Chikunguru - Gunyana.

Kukura: mumwe uye mumapoka.

Description:

Iyo kapu inoumbwa neaviri kana matatu asina kurongeka-akaita saddle-shaped lobes, ruvara runobva kune grey-bluish kusvika kune rima grey.

Gumbo - risingaverengeki cylindrical kana muchimiro chekirabhu yakamanikana, gomba, ine mbabvu dzakapinza, grey tones.

Iyo pulp yakanyanya brittle, kuravira uye kunhuwa kwehowa diki kunonhuwirira, nezera vanova musty, pasi.

Howa husina kujairika hunonzi pitted lobe hunogona kudyiwa. Mienzaniso midiki inonaka, kunyangwe yakatiomera.

Ecology uye kugovera:

Inokura mune inodonha uye yakasanganiswa, isingawanzo mumasango ane coniferous, paivhu risina chinhu uye pakati pezvinomera. Inofarira ivhu rine acidic.

Howa dzechimiro chisina kujairika kubva kumhuri yeMorel

High morel (Morchella elata).

Mhuri: Morels (Morchellaceae).

Mwaka: Kubvumbi Chikumi.

Kukura: ndoga uye mumapoka maduku.

Description:

Iyo pulp yakachena, yakapfava, ine mhango mukati, ine ivhu kana howa hwema. Masero acho ane olive-brown, muhowa hukuru ane brown kana dema-brown.

Iyo chivharo yakamanikana, conical, yakafukidzwa nemasero akasungwa neakawanda kana mashoma akaenzana akamira akatetepa mapete.

Gumbo rinopetwa, rakawedzerwa pachigadziko, mhango, chena muhowa hudiki, gare gare - yero kana ocher. Partitions muorivhi-ocher; Rudzi rwefungus runosviba nezera.

Conditionally edible howa. Inokodzera chikafu mushure mekubikira kwemaminitsi gumi-10 (muto unodururwa), kana mushure mekuoma kwemazuva 15-30.

Ecology uye kugovera:

Inokura pavhu mumasango ane coniferous uye anodonha, kazhinji - pamashizha ane uswa uye kumucheto, mumapindu neminda yemichero.

Morel chaiyo (Morchella esculenta).

Mhuri: Morels (Morchellaceae).

Mwaka: kutanga May - pakati June.

Kukura: mumwe uye mumapoka.

Description:

Dzinde rinosangana nemucheto wecap.

Howa ihowa mukati. Iyo ngowani inotenderera-yakatenderera, yebrown, yakakora-meshed.

Nyama ine namo, ine brittle, ine zvidya zvinonaka uye inonaka. Gumbo rakachena kana kuti yero muruvara, rakatambanudzwa pazasi, rinowanzoitwa notched.

Howa hunonaka hunodyiwa. Inokodzera chikafu mushure mekubikira kwemaminetsi gumi-10 (muto unodururwa), kana kuomeswa.

Ecology uye kugovera:

Inokura muchiedza chakaoma, pamwe chete nemasango akasanganiswa uye coniferous, mumapaki nemapindu, pauswa huswa uye kumucheto kwemasango, pasi pemakwenzi, munzvimbo dzakachena.

Cap conical (Verpa conica).

Mhuri: Morels (Morchellaceae).

Mwaka: Kubvumbi Chivabvu.

Kukura: mumwechete uye mumapoka akapararira.

Description:

Gumbo racho rine cylindrical kana kuti rakatsetseka rakatsetseka, mhango, brittle, rakafukidzwa ne-bran-like scales; ruvara ruchena, rwobva rwaita yero.

Iyo ngowani yakaita sebhero, matani ebrown.

Iyo pulp yakapfava, isina kusimba. Kumusoro kwechivharo kwakafukidzwa nemakwinya asina kudzika, dzimwe nguva anenge akatsetseka, akaunyana, kazhinji aripo kumusoro.

Uhu howa husina kujairika hunodyiwa, hunoda kufashaira kwekutanga (muto unodururwa).

Ecology uye kugovera:

Inokura mumasango akashata, akavhenganiswa uye mafashamo, shrubs, mabhandi emasango, kazhinji pedyo neaspens, willows, birches. Zvinoitika kashoma.

Veined saucer (Disciotis venosa).

Mhuri: Morels (Morchellaceae).

Mwaka: Kubvumbi Chivabvu.

Kukura: mumwechete kana mumapoka madiki.

Description:

Huso hwekunze hwakatsetseka, hupfu kana hwakatsetseka, hwakapetwa, hwakachena kana ocher.

Nyama ine brittle, ine kuravira zvinyoro uye kunhuwa kweklorini. Nzvimbo yemukati inotanga yakatsetseka, ocher, yozoita radially ribbed, brown.

Muviri wemuchero une nyama, kutanga wakaita sekomite kana sosi, wozoti flat.

Gumbo pfupi rinonyudzwa muvhu.

Howa husina kunaka hunodyiwa. Inoda kufanobika kuti ibvise munhuwi usingafadzi.

Ecology uye kugovera:

Inokura paivhu rejecha mumasango emhando dzakasiyana-siyana, pedyo nemigwagwa, makoronga, pamahombekombe ehova, munzvimbo dzakachena.

Howa husina kujairika kubva kumhuri yeLociaceae

Mukombe-wakaita uye disc-shaped, funnel-shaped howa.

Bisporella lemon (Bisporella citrina).

Mhuri: Leocyaceae (Leotiaceae).

Mwaka: pakati paSeptember - kupera kwaOctober.

Kukura: mapoka makuru dense.

Description:

Mitumbi yemichero yakaita se teardrop pakutanga, convex. Nzvimbo yacho ine matte, lemon yero kana yero rakajeka.

Nezera, miviri inobereka michero inova disc-shaped kana goblet-shaped.

Kubva kumusoro kusvika pasi michero miviri inowedzerwa mu "gumbo" rakamanikana, dzimwe nguva rinopera.

Nekuda kwehukuru hwayo, haina kukosha kwekudya.

Ecology uye kugovera:

Inokura mumasango akashata uye akavhenganiswa, pahuni dzakaoma dzakaora (birch, linden, oak), pamatanda, kazhinji pamagumo egogi - panzvimbo yakadzikama yematanda ematanda uye stumps, pamatavi.

Bulgar tsvina (Bulgaria inquinans).

Mhuri: Leocyaceae (Leotiaceae).

Mwaka: pakati paSeptember-November.

Kukura: mumapoka.

Description:

Iyo pulp is gelatinous-elastic, dense, ocher-brown, inova yakaoma kana yakaomeswa.

Nzvimbo yakasviba yekumusoro inosiya mavanga paminwe. Muviri wakakura muchero wakaumbwa segirazi rakakura.

Young specimens goblet, brown.

Howa isingadyiwi.

Ecology uye kugovera:

Inokura pamatanda akafa uye matanda akafa ematanda akaoma (oak, aspen).

Neobulgaria yakachena (Neobulgaria pura).

Mhuri: Leocyaceae (Leotiaceae).

Mwaka: pakati paSeptember-November.

Kukura: masumbu akasimba.

Description:

Iyo yemukati inopenya, grey, greyish bluish kana greyish brownish. The lateral surface is finely warty.

Iyo pulp ine nyama, gelatinous, nyoro.

Muviri wemichero wakaita semukombe, une mukurumbira, wakatetepa wakananga kugaro.

Howa isingadyiwi.

Ecology uye kugovera:

Inokura pamatavi akafa emiti inodonha (birch).

Howa dzechimiro chisina kujairika kubva kumhuri yeOtideaceae uye Petsitsevye

Donkey otidea (Otidea onotica).

Mhuri: Otideaceae (Otideaceae).

Mwaka: kutanga kwaChikunguru - pakati paGumiguru.

Kukura: mumapoka.

Description:

Muviri unobereka wakaita senzeve, une mipendero yakamonereka. Mukati memukati mune yero-ocher, yero-orenji ine tint dzvuku uye makwapa ane ngura.

Nyama yakatetepa, ine dehwe, haina hwema.

Kunze kwekunze kune ocher, matte. Pane dzinde pfupi rakasiyana.

Howa husina kunaka hunodyiwa. Inoshandiswa patsva mushure mekubikira kwekutanga.

Ecology uye kugovera:

Inokura paivhu mumasango ane deciduous uye akasanganiswa. Yakagoverwa muEuropean chikamu cheNyika Yedu uye Urals.

Mhiripiri yebrown (Peziza badia).

Mhuri: Petsitsevye (Pezizaceae).

Mwaka: pakati paMay-September.

Kukura: mumapoka.

Description:

Iyo yekunze ndeye chestnut, granular. Nzvimbo yemukati inotsvedzerera, inopenya yebrown mumamiriro ekunze emvura.

Muviri we fruiting uri sessile, hemispherical muhuduku, wozovhura zvishoma nezvishoma. Muviri wakura wakaita muchero wakaita soso rine mipendero yakatsetseka.

Iyo pulp ine brown, brittle, mvura.

Howa hunodyiwa hwemhando yakaderera zvikuru. Inoshandiswa patsva mushure mekubikira kwekutanga, pamwe nekuomeswa.

Ecology uye kugovera:

Inokura chete munzvimbo dzine unyoro pavhu mu coniferous uye masango akavhenganiswa, pamatanda akaoma (aspen, birch), pamakumbo, mumigwagwa.

Mhiripiri inoputika (Peziza vesiculosa).

Mhuri: Petsitsevye (Pezizaceae).

Mwaka: kupera kwaMay - Gumiguru.

Kukura: mapoka uye oga.

Description:

Muviri wemuchero unotanga wakaita sedenderedzwa, wobva waita semukombe nekubvaruka, mukati-wakatenderedzwa mupendero. Musoro wemukati une matte kana kupenya zvishoma, beige, chiedza chebrownish muruvara neolive tint.

Kunze kwekunze kune brownish-brown, powdery. Mitumbi yekare inobereka michero yakaita soso, kazhinji ine mupendero wakaomeswa, sessile kana nedzinde pfupi.

Iyo pulp ine brittle, waxy, brownish.

Ruzivo rwezvekugoneka runopokana. Maererano nemimwe mishumo, inogona kushandiswa sechikafu mushure mekubika.

Ecology uye kugovera:

Inokura munzvimbo dzakanyorova pavhu rakaomeswa mumasango nemapindu, pahuni dzakaora dzakaoma (birch, aspen), mumigero yevhu nemibhedha yemaruva.

Zvisina kujairika howa kubva kuPyronemaceae uye Sarcosciphoid mhuri

Aleuria orenji (Aleuria aurantia).

Mhuri: Pyronemaceae (Pyronemaceae).

Mwaka: kupera kwaMay - pakati paSeptember.

Kukura: mumapoka.

Description:

Muviri wemuchero wakatsetseka, wakaita kapu, wakaita soso kana kuita senzeve. Micheto yakakombama zvisina kuenzana. Iyo yekunze yakasvibira, matte, yakafukidzwa nechena pubescence.

Nyama yakachena, yakatetepa, inoputika, isina kunhuwa uye kuravira.

Nzvimbo yemukati inopenya orenji, yakatsetseka.

Howa husina kunaka hunodyiwa. Inoshandiswa patsva mushure mekubikira kwekutanga (somuenzaniso, kushongedza saladhi) kana kuomeswa.

Ecology uye kugovera:

Inokura mumasango akasviba uye akavhenganiswa paivhu nematanda anoora, munzvimbo dzakanyorova, asi dzakavheneka, dzakapenya, munzvimbo dzakanyorova, mumapindu, mumigwagwa.

Scutellinia saucer (Scutellinia scutellata).

Mhuri: Pyronemaceae (Pyronemaceae).

Mwaka: kupera kwaMay-November.

Kukura: mapoka makuru dense.

Description:

Miviri yemichero yakakura yakaita mukombe kana disc-shaped, sessile. Miviri midiki yemichero yakaita denderedzwa, pa "gumbo". Mupendero wakagadzirwa nevhudzi rakasvibira kana rinenge dema.

Nyama yakaonda, yakatsvuka, isina kuravira kwakawanda uye kunhuwa.

Nzvimbo yemukati yakatsetseka, yakatsvuka-orenji. Huso hwekunze hwakatsvukira.

Haina kukosha kwekudya nekuda kwehukuru hwayo.

Ecology uye kugovera:

Inokura munzvimbo dzakanyorova, pamatope ane machakwi pahuni dzine unyoro dziri kuora (birch, aspen, kashoma pine) uye matavi akanyudzwa muvhu.

Austrian Sarcoscypha (Sarcoscypha austriaca).

Mhuri: Sarcosciphaceae (Sarcoscyphaceae).

Mwaka: kutanga kwaApril - pakati paMay.

Kukura: mumapoka.

Description:

Nzvimbo yemukati yakatsetseka, matte, yakatsvuka. Iyo yekunze ine striated, chena kana pinkish.

Iyo pulp yakaoma, ine kunhuhwirira kwehowa kunonakidza. Muchero wemuchero une goblet kana kuti cup-shaped.

Gumbo richinyura pasi. Mukukwegura, miviri ye fruiting dzimwe nguva inotora dhisiki-shaped shape.

Howa husina kunaka hunodyiwa. Inoda kufanobikwa. Inogona kushandiswa kushongedza ndiro.

Ecology uye kugovera:

Inokura mumasango nemapaki pavhu rakapfuma muhusi, pamhunga, huni hunoora, mashizha akaora kana pamidzi yakaora.

Howa dzechimiro chisina kujairika kubva kumhuri dzeChanterelle neVeselkovye

Mushonga wakaita senyanga (Craterellus cornucopioides).

Mhuri: Chanterelles (Cantharellaceae).

Mwaka: kutanga kwaChikunguru - kupera kwaSeptember.

Kukura: masumbu nemakoloni.

Description:

Huso hwekunze hwakapetwa, waxy, grey. Chivharo chine tubular, chinopinda mugumbo risina mhango.

Gumbo rakatetepa kusvika pachigadziko, brownish kana dema-brown, yakaoma.

Nyama ine brittle, membranous, gray. Musoro wemukati une fibrous-wrinkled, brownish, gray-brown, brown-black kana kuda kusviba. Mupendero wakatenderedzwa, hauna kuenzana.

Iyo yepamusoro tubular chikamu chinodyiwa chitsva uye chakaomeswa. KuMadokero kweEurope, howa uhu hunoonekwa sehunonaka.

Ecology uye kugovera:

Inokura mumasango ane deciduous uye akasanganiswa, munzvimbo dzine unyoro, pedyo nemigwagwa.

Chanterelle yellowing (Cantharellus lutescens).

Mhuri: Chanterelles (Cantharellaceae).

Mwaka: Aug. Sept.

Kukura: mumapoka.

Description:

Iyo pulp ine dense, zvishoma rubbery, brittle, yellowish.

Gumbo rakatetepa kusvika pachigadziko, chakakombama, chendarama yero. Howa hunenge tubular kubva pachivharo kusvika pahwaro.

Iyo kapu yakaonda, elastic, yakaoma, yero-brown. Mahwendefa ehowa maduku haatauri; gare gare sinuous, yero kana orenji, ipapo grey.

Howa hunodyiwa. Inoshandiswa patsva (mushure mekubika) uye yakaomeswa. Sehupfu hwakatsetseka, hunoshandiswa muto uye muto.

Ecology uye kugovera:

Inokura mu coniferous, kazhinji spruce, masango.

Nyeredzi-yakaumbwa uye trellised howa.

Archer's Clathrus (Clathrus archeri).

Mhuri: Veselkovye (Phallaceae).

Mwaka: Chikunguru - Gumiguru.

Kukura: mapoka uye oga.

Description:

Iyo lobes inotanga kusanganiswa kumusoro. Mushure mokuparadzaniswa kwelobes, fungus inotora chimiro chenyeredzi.

Nzvimbo yemukati yemashizha ine spongy, yakafukidzwa nemafuta emuorivhi e-spore-bearing mucus ane kunhuhwirira kwakasimba kusingafadzi. Muchikamu chezai, fungus yakafukidzwa neganda uye jelly-like shell pasi.

Muviri wechidiki we fruiting une ovoid, greyish.

Hachina kukosha kwekudya.

Ecology uye kugovera:

Inokura paivhu remasango ane deciduous uye akasanganiswa, mafuro nemapaki. Inowanikwa pamatombo ejecha.

Lattice tsvuku (Clathrus ruber).

Mhuri: Veselkovye (Phallaceae).

Mwaka: chitubu - autumn.

Kukura: mapoka uye oga.

Description:

Iyo yakakura fruiting body ine chimiro che spherical lattice yeruvara rutsvuku. Iyo pulp is spongy, nyoro, muchimiro chayo yakakura ine kunhuhwirira kusingafadzi.

Pazasi pemuviri wechibereko, zvakasara zvechifukidzo chemembranous zvinoonekwa. Miviri isina kukura yakachena kana yakashava ine ovoid muchimiro.

Nzvimbo yemukati yezvienzaniso zvakakura yakafukidzwa neolive-brown spore-bearing mucus.

Inedible howa.

Ecology uye kugovera:

Inokura pamarara emasango uye pamasara ehuni dziri kuora. Munyika Yedu, dzimwe nguva inowanikwa muKrasnodar Territory. Yakanyorwa muRed Book reNyika Yedu.

Howa husina kujairika kubva kumhuri dzeNyeredzi uye dzeNhema dzinonaya mvura

Nyeredzi dzenyeredzi (Geastrum fimbriatum).

Mhuri: Chimiro chenyeredzi (Geastraceae).

Mwaka: kudonha.

Kukura: mapoka kana zvindori.

Description:

Muviri wekubereka unotanga wakaita denderedzwa uye unokura muvhu. Gare gare, goko rine nhurikidzwa nhatu, rakaomarara rinotsemuka rotsauka richienda kumativi senyeredzi.

Iyo spore inobuda yakavharwa.

Spore sac ine grey, ine goko rakatetepa.

Mashizha ega ega anotanga kumonyoroka sezvo muviri wemuchero unobuda kubva pasi.

Miviri yechidiki inobereka michero inogona kudyiwa, asi nyama yavo haina kugaya.

Ecology uye kugovera:

Inokura pamarara paivhu realkaline pasi pemiti yeconiferous uye inodonha.

Schmidel's starfish (Geastrum schmidelii).

Mhuri: Chimiro chenyeredzi (Geastraceae).

Mwaka: Chikunguru - Gunyana.

Kukura: mapoka uye oga.

Tsanangudzo yeiyo isina kujairika mushroom Schmidel's starfish:

Spore sac ine dehwe, shava, ine dzinde diki. Spore outlet yakakomberedzwa nefibrous fringe.

Rutivi rwemukati rwegoko rwakatsetseka, haruwanzotsemuka, kubva pachiedza chebrownish yero kusvika kune yakatsvuka.

Iyo ganda rakatetepa rekunze remuviri wechibereko rinobvaruka kuita 5-8 isina kuenzana inopinza lobes, ichiputira migumo yavo pasi.

Inedible howa.

Ecology uye kugovera:

Inokura paivhu nemarara mumasango ane deciduous uye coniferous uye masango emiti, mumatepi pavhu. Inofarira ivhu rejecha rakareruka. Munyika Yedu, inowanikwa munzvimbo dzekumaodzanyemba kwechikamu cheEurope, Siberia uye Far East.

Nyeredzi yepasi katatu (Geastrum triplex).

Mhuri: Chimiro chenyeredzi (Geastraceae).

Mwaka: kupera kwezhizha - autumn.

Kukura: mumapoka.

Description:

Kunze kwedeko kunoumba “nyeredzi” kana yaibva. Muviri wechidiki fruiting une turnip chimiro.

Iyo spore yekubuda gomba yakakomberedzwa nenzvimbo yakaora mwoyo. Iyo yemukati yeganda inoumba chimiro che "collar".

Spore sac ine brownish.

Inedible howa.

Ecology uye kugovera:

Inokura mumasango ane deciduous uye akavhenganiswa, pakati pemashizha akawa uye tsono.

Starweed hygrometric (Astraeus hygrometricus).

Mhuri: Mvura yenhema (Sclerodermatineae).

Mwaka: gore-rese.

Kukura: mumapoka.

Description:

Kana ichikura, goko rekunze rinotsemuka kubva kumusoro kusvika pasi kuita 5-20 dzakanongedza lobes. Mumamiriro okunze akaoma, lobes inokotama, ichivanza spore sac, uye inotwasuka kana hunyoro huchikwira.

Nzvimbo yemukati ye lobes ine grey kune tsvuku-tsvuku, yakashata, yakafukidzwa ne network yekutsemuka uye zvikero zvakareruka. Spore sac yakafukidzwa negrey, zvishoma nezvishoma inosviba sheath.

Muviri wemuchero usina kukura wakakomberedzwa, une ganda rakasiyana-siyana, rakatsvuka-ruvara.

Inedible howa.

Ecology uye kugovera:

Inokura pane yakaoma stony uye jecha ivhu uye loam mumasango mashoma, steppes uye semi-renje. Munyika Yedu, inowanikwa muchikamu cheEurope, kuNorth Caucasus, kuSiberia, kuFar East.

Pano iwe unogona kuona mapikicha ehowa asina kujairika, mazita uye tsananguro yakapihwa pamusoro apa: