Mukati
General tsananguro yechirwere
Oligophrenia kunonoka mukuvandudzwa kwepfungwa kana kukwana kwayo kukwana kwehukama kana hunhu hwakawanikwa. Inozviratidza muchimiro chekutyora kugona kwepfungwa, izvo zvinokonzereswa nezvakasiyana hutachiona hwehuropi. Izvi zvinotungamira murwere pakusakwanisa kuchinjika munharaunda.
Oligophrenia, sechirevo, yakatanga kuunzwa nachiremba wepfungwa wechiGerman Emil Kraepelin. Pfungwa ye "kudzora pfungwa" inoonekwa seyakafanana nezwi razvino "kudzora kwepfungwa". Asi, zvakakosha kusiyanisa pakati pemifungo iyi. Kudzora kwepfungwa ipfungwa yakafara uye haingosanganisi pfungwa chete, asi zvakare kuregeredza dzidzo yemwana yekudzidzisa.
Oligophrenia inorondedzerwa zvinoenderana akati wandei hunhu.
Zvichienderana nekuti iwe chimiro chakakomba sei uye huwandu hwechirwere, oligophrenia yakakamurwa kuva:
- kushaya simba ndiko kusanyanyo taurwa kupenga;
- kusava nesimba - oligophrenia yekuomarara kuomarara;
- idiocy - chirwere chacho chinonyanya kutaurwa.
Kupatsanurwa uku ndekwe nzira yechinyakare.
Zvichienderana nezvinokanganisa uye anomalies Maria Pevzner (USSR musayendisiti, chiremba wepfungwa, chiremba wepfungwa, anozivikanwa defectologist) akaona matatu makuru marudzi echirwere:
- 1 oligophrenia yemhando isinganetsi;
- 2 oligophrenia, yakaoma nekukanganisa muurodynamics yemurwere (mune iyi kesi, zvikanganiso zvakazviratidza pachavo mumafomu matatu: mune yekutanga kesi, mufaro wakakunda kudzvinyirira, mune yechipiri, zvese zvakange zvakapesana neyekutanga, uye mune yechitatu kesi, Kudonhedza kushomeka kwemabasa makuru enjodzi uye maitiro akaonekwa)
- 3 oligophrenia ine isina kutaurwa yakatarisana neyemberi lobes (ine kumberi kusakwanira).
Kuratidzwa kwemazuva ano kwekuomarara kweoligophrenia kunoenderana nehungwaru murwere uye ICD-10 (International Classification yezvirwere zvegumi kudzokororwa), 10 madhigirii ekuomarara anopiwa:
- nyoreIQ yasvika pakukosha pakati pemakumi mashanu nemakumi manomwe;
- kuenzanisa kudzora kwepfungwa: chikamu chehungwaru chemwana chinotangira pamakumi matatu kusvika makumi mashanu;
- Heavy: IQ iri mumatanho e20-35;
- zvakadzama: IQ yemwana wako isingasviki makumi maviri.
Zvinokonzera Oligophrenia
Ivo vanogona kuve majini kana kuwanikwa.
Kune genetic zvikonzero zvekusimudzira dhementia zvinosanganisira: kukura zvisina kujairika kwema chromosomes, kukanganisa mukushanda kwezvikamu zvega zvema chromosomes kana magene, shanduko ye x chromosome.
Kuti uwane zvikonzero zvinosanganisira: kukuvadzwa kwemucheche mudumbu neionioni radiation, makemikari kana hutachiona, kukurumidza kubereka (mwana asati azvarwa), kushungurudzika kwekubereka, huropi hypoxia, kukuvara kwakanyanya kwemusoro, hosha dzekutapukira dzakapfuura dzinokanganisa hurongwa hwepakati hwetsinga, kuregeredza kurera mune yekutanga makore ehupenyu hwemwana (zviitiko zvakajairika muvana vanokura mumhuri dzine mamiriro asina kunaka).
Dementia mumwana inogona zvakare kuve isina kujeka etiology.
Zviratidzo zveoligophrenia
Izvo zvakasiyana zvakanyanya uye zvakawandisa. Izvo zvese zvinoenderana nekuomarara uye chikonzero chechirwere. Kupfupisa zvese zviratidzo, vanogona kukamurwa mumapoka maviri makuru.
- 1 kupenga kunokanganisa kwete nzira yekuziva chete, asiwo kukura kwemwana semunhu semusikirwo. Ndiko kuti, mwana akadaro ane kukanganisa manzwiro, maonero, unyanzvi hwemotokari, njere, mano ekufunga, kutaura uye kuda, kusayeuka (panogona kunge kune zvisizvo, somuenzaniso: mamwe oligophrenics anoyeuka nhamba zvakanaka - nhamba dzefoni, mazuva kana mazita ekutanga uye ekupedzisira. );
- 2 munhu oligophrenic anoshaya kugona kuboka uye kuwedzeredza, hapana kufunga kwekufunga, ndeye monotonous, kongiri.
Kutaura kwemurwere hakuna kuverenga, kushoma mukutaura nemazwi, hapana danho, hapana maonero echokwadi ezvinhu, ivo vanowanzove nehasha, havagone kugadzirisa zvinoitika zvezuva nezuva. Muhudiki, vangangoita vana vese vanotambura nekuwachiswa pamubhedha. Kukanganisika mukukura kwemuviri kunoonekwa zvakare.
Zviratidzo zvese zvinoenderana nekukura kwechirwere.
Zvigadzirwa zvinobatsira zve oligophrenia
Kukurudzira cerebral metabolism, varwere vane oligophrenia vanofanira kudya zvokudya zvakawanda zvine vitamini B. Tarisa pamiriwo nemichero, ndiro dzakasiyana-siyana kubva kwavari (juisi, mbatata yakasvibiswa, jelly).
Vakadzi vane nhumbu vanoda chikafu chakaringana nekutora zvese zvinodiwa macro- uye microelements, mineral salts, mapuroteni, makabhohaidhiretsi uye mavitamini. Kudya kwakaringana kunobatsira kubvisa mukana wekuzvara mwana asati akurumidza uye, nekuda kwekuzvidzivirira kwakanaka, kuderedza njodzi yezvirwere zvinopinda mumuviri.
Tsika mishonga yeoligophrenia
Ne oligophrenia, kurapwa kwakakodzera kunorayirwa nevashandi vezvokurapa zvichienderana nemigumisiro yekuongorora, zvikonzero zvechirwere. Nootropics, tranquilizers, antipsychotics, zvinodhaka zvine iodine kana mahomoni (kana oligophrenia yakabatana nekusashanda zvakanaka kwethyroid gland) kana chete kurapa kwekudya kwe phenylpyruvic oligophrenia kunogona kurongerwa.
Panzvimbo yemishonga ye nootropic, mishonga yechinyakare inopa kushandiswa kwelemongrass broths, ginseng uye aloe juice. Usati watanga kuvatora, zvakakosha kuti ubvunze chiremba wako. Zvikasadaro, nedoro isiriyo uye kushandiswa, murwere anogona kusangana nepsychosis kana hutsinye uye kutsamwa. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nekuti zvirimwa izvi zvinomutsa basa rehuropi.
Zvigadzirwa zvine njodzi uye zvinokuvadza zvine oligophrenia
Ne phenylpyruvic oligophrenia (phenylalanine metabolism yakanganisa), varwere vanobviswa kubva pakudya kweprotein chaiyo (izvi zvinosanganisira zvigadzirwa zvemhuka: hove, hove, nyama, kusanganisira mukaka). Izvi zvinodaro nekuti chikafu ichi chine phenylalanine. Kudya uku kunofanirwa kuteverwa kusvika pakuyaruka.
Kune chero mhando yeoligophrenia, zvinofanirwa kusanganisa kudyiwa kwezvose zvisiri-zvekudya. Iyo inokanganisa zvisirizvo mabasa ese emuviri, izvo zvinoita kuti kuve mubereki kunyanye kuoma uye kunokonzeresa zvisina basa hutano hutano. Izvo zvinowedzerwa muzvikafu zvisina hutano zvinodzora mashandiro ese emagetsi, zvichiwedzera ropa, izvo zvinokonzeresa kugwamba kweropa uye kukanganisa kutenderera kweropa (izvi zvinonyanya kutyisa kuyerera kweropa kuenda nekubva kuuropi).
Chenjerera!
Iwo manejimendi haatarisiri chero kuyedza kwekushandisa ruzivo rwunopihwa, uye haivimbise kuti harukuvadze iwe pachezvako. Izvo zvinhu hazvigone kushandiswa kupa mushonga uye kugadzirisa chirwere. Nguva dzose bvunza chiremba wako wezvechiremba!