Pluteus umbrosoides (Pluteus umbrosoides) mufananidzo uye tsananguro

Chikwapuro chakafanana neumbro (Pluteus umbrosoides)

Zita razvino ndiPluteus umbrosoides EF Malysheva

Etymology yezita iri kubva kune umbrosoides - yakafanana neumber, kubva kune umbrosus - ruvara rweumber. Umbra (kubva pashoko rechiLatini rokuti umbra - shadow) imineral brown clay pigment.

Denda reumbrous rakawana zita rayo nekuda kwekufanana kwaro kwakasimba kune umbrous denda.

Musoro saizi yepakati, 4-8 cm mudhayamita, convex-campanulate ine yakapetwa mupendero ichiri mudiki, yobva yaita flat-convex, flat kana yaibva, dzimwe nguva ichichengeta diki tubercle kana fossa pakati. Iyo yepamusoro ine velvety, yakafukidzwa netaneti yezviyero zvebrown, villi. Zviyero zvinowanikwa zvisingawanzo kumucheto uye kazhinji uye zvakatsiga pakati pekapu (nekuda kwekuti iyo yepakati inoratidzika kunge ine ruvara rwakanyanya). Zviyero uye villi zvinogadzira radial pateni yebrown, yakasvibira, yakatsvuka-brown kusvika kune dema-brown, kuburikidza iyo yakareruka inotaridza kuburikidza. Mucheto wechivharo wakatsetseka serrate, kashoma kupotsa. Nyama yakachena, haishanduki ruvara kana yakuvadzwa, ine kwazvakarerekera, kunhuhwirira kusingataurwi uye kuravira.

Hymenophore howa - lamellar. Mahwendefa akasununguka kusvika ku 4 mm yakafara, kazhinji inowanikwa. Mune howa diki, iwo machena, akajeka pink, nezera anove anopenya pink muruvara ane akareruka mipendero.

Kunetsana kubva ku ellipsoid kusvika kune inenge spherical 5.5–6.5(–6.8) × (4.5–)5.0–6.0(–6.5) µm, paavhareji 6,15 × 5,23 µm, pink spore imprint.

Basidia 20–26(–30) × 7–8 µm, yakaita sekirabhu, nhete-yakaita sekirabhu, 2–4 spores.

Cheilocystidia 40–75 × 11–31 µm, yakawanda, kubva ku fusiform kusvika kune yakafara fusiform, utriform (sac-shaped) kana yakafara lageniform ine appendage paapex, transparent, thin-walled.

Pleurocystids 40–80 × 11–18 µm, yakawanda, fusiform, lageniform kune yakafara lageniform, dzimwe nguva inowanikwawo ine cheilocystid-sefusiform zvinhu.

Pileipellis inonzi trichohymeniderm ine nhete- kana yakafara-fusiform zvinhu zvine tapering, obtuse kana papillary apices, 100–300 × 15–25 µm, ine yero-brown intracellular pigment, yakatetepa-yakavakirwa.

a. kukakavara

b. Cheilocystidia

c. Pleurocystidia

d. Pileipellis zvinhu

gumbo chena nechepakati 4,5 kusvika 8 cm kureba uye 0,4 kusvika 0,8 masendimita yakafara, cylindrical muchimiro uye zvishoma kukora kuenda kugasi, yakatwasuka kana zvishoma yakakombama, yakatsetseka, yakatsetseka ine mvere pazasi, yakashava. Nyama yegumbo yakakora chena, yero kuzasi.

Inokura imwe chete kana mumapoka madiki pahunde, bark kana kuora kwehuni zvakasara zvemiti inodonha: poplars, birches, aspens. Dzimwe nguva inokura pakati pemamwe marudzi emabhubhu. Fruiting: zhizha-matsutso. Inowanikwa muTurkey, Europe, Southeast Asia (kunyanya, muChina), muNyika Yedu inoonekwa kumaodzanyemba kweCentral Siberia, muKrasnoyarsk Territory, muSayano-Shushensky Reserve, Novosibirsk Region.

Sezviri pachena, howa inodyiwa, hapana ruzivo pamusoro pezviri mukati mechepfu, kunyange zvazvo hutano husingazivikanwe, saka tichanyatsofunga nezvemhando iyi isingadyiki.

Chokutanga pane zvose, howa hunofanana nehumwe hwahwo, kubva kwahwakawana zita: Pluteus umbrosus.

Umber chikwapuro (Pluteus umbrosus)

Misiyano iri padiki diki, asi zvinoenderana neiyo macroscopic maficha echikwapu, iyo umbra-yakafanana inosiyaniswa neyakamwe-ruvara kumucheto kwemahwendefa, kusavapo kwemaflakes pamucheto wecap, uye tsinde yakatsetseka isina. zvikero zvebrown.

Chikwapuro chine muganhu mutema (Pluteus atromarginatus) inosiyana pamusoro pechivharo, iyo ine veiny-fibrous, uye kwete fleecy sepa p. umber-like.

Pluteus granularis - zvakanyanya kufanana, vamwe vanyori vanoratidza vhudzi rehudzi hwechinhu chegranular sechinhu chinosiyanisa, kusiyana nehutu hwakatsetseka hwechinhu cheumbrous. Asi vamwe vanyori vanocherekedza kupindirana kwakadaro kwema macrofeatures izvo chete microscope inogona kudiwa kuti ivimbike kuzivikanwa kweaya fungal marudzi.

Mifananidzo yakashandiswa munyaya yacho: Alexey (Krasnodar), Tatyana (Samara). Microscopy drawing: Pluteus umbrosoides uye P. Chrysaegis, zvinyorwa zvitsva kubva kuChina.