Ryadovka

Mitsara haisi yehowa hunozivikanwa uye vazhinji havatombozivi nezvehuvepo hwavo. Uye nenzira, ichi chinhu chinobatsira uye chinonaka chigadzirwa. Ndeapi mabhenefiti ayo makuru - ikozvino tichaona.

Mitsara: kuti vakaita sei, zvavari, pavanofanira kutarisa

Mitsara ndeye agaric howa kubva kumhuri yezita rimwe chete. Mycologists vakaverenga vanopfuura zviuru zviviri vamiririri veRyadovkovs. Mazhinji acho anodyiwa, asi mamwe ane njodzi kuvanhu. Howa vakawana zita ravo rinoshamisa nekuda kwechimiro chekukura - mumitsara kana mapoka. Kunyange zvazvo vane rimwe zita - mbeva.

Chinhu chikuru chehowa iyi inyama isina kujairika yepepuru. Asi ruvara rweheti runogona kunge rwakasiyana zvakanyanya. Kune chena, grey, chiedza uye rima repepuru uye kunyange shava-yepepuru. Neruvara rweheti, vanonhonga howa vanosarudza rudzi rwemitsara. Mumwaka wehowa, sirivha, ndarama, inosvuta, yepepuru, poplar "mbeva" inowira mumabhasikiti e "vavhimi vakanyarara". Makapu avo akakombama zvishoma haawanzo kukura kupfuura masendimita gumi mudhayamita, asi anogara akashongedzwa nediki tubercle pakati. Kazhinji yakaoma, asi mushure memvura inonamira kwenguva pfupi. Makumbo emitsara ane fibrous, anosvika 10-6 cm kureba uye anenge 8-2 cm mudhayamita.

Zviri nani kutarisa howa idzi mumasango econiferous kana akavhenganiswa, kunyanya pane ivhu rejecha, pamucheka wemashizha uye tsono. Usashamisika kana ukaona "mbeva" pamapine stumps - iyi ndiyo howa yakasiyana-siyana yehowa. Ivo, sekutonga, "mudzi" pazasi pechigutsa, nepo mhuri yehowa inokura pamwe chete nemakumbo. Kazhinji howa uhu hunowanikwa mumapaki, mapindu, pedyo nemarara.

Iyo yepamusoro ye fruiting ndeyeAugust-October, kunyange zvazvo howa dzekutanga dzinoonekwa kare kare - muna May. Nekudaro, "mbeva" dzekutanga dzakati siyanei nehama dzadzo dzepashure. Ngowani dzavo dzinenge dzakafanana pakuumbwa nemimwe mitsetse, asi ruvara rwakareruka, runenge ruchena.

Pakati pezvinodyiwa, kazhinji vanotaura nezve grey, poplar, scaly, yakakura, yero, lilac-legged, pamwe nematsutake uye hofori yekukwasva.

Kune mapoka matatu emitsara:

• zvinodyika;
• inedible;
• ine chepfu zvishoma.

Sezvineiwo, vane ruzivo vanonhonga howa vanofarira mutsara wepepuru nekuda kwekunhuhwirira kunofadza kwenyama yakagochwa. Asi zvisinei, iyo May inonzi inonaka kwazvo (nenzira, inonhuwira sauerkraut). Uye ndiwo mutsara waMay, pamwe chete nematruffles nemamorel, ndihwo humwe hwehowa hutatu hunokohwewa muEngland. Chokwadi, ikoko dzinonzi St. George's howa. MaItaly akauyawo nezita ravo reMay row. Ivo "vakavabhabhatidza" marts (sezvo howa dzekutanga dzichionekwa munyika ino munaKurume).

Zelenushka, kana kukwasva kwegirini, haina kufarirwa zvakanyanya - maorivhi emuorivhi haana kunaka, kunyangwe achinhuwa semagaka matsva. Nhasi, howa iyi inowanzoshandiswa mumunyu uye mu pharmacology (yekurapa osteoporosis), uye muEurope yekare yaionekwa seimwe yezvinonaka kwazvo.

Muchetura mitsetse

Mitsara yenhema ndehumwe hwehowa hune ngozi zvikuru. Zvine zvinhu zvinokonzeresa chepfu. Mitsetse yakachena ine chepfu ihowa dzakachena. Vechidiki havatombonhuhwi, vakuru vanodzingwa neradish yakaora. Asi kunewo vamiririri vane ngozi zvikuru vemitsara, iyo isingagoni kusiyaniswa kubva kune inodyiwa nekunhuhwirira, asi kunze ivo vakasiyana. Semuenzaniso, brindle yakafukidzwa nemaitiro mavara.

Zvinobatsira Zvivakwa

Mitsara yakapfuma muvhitamini uye zvicherwa. Kushumira kwehowa ndiko kunobva mhangura, manganese, zinc, potassium, phosphorus, iron, sodium, uye selenium. Dzine dzinenge dzine mavhitaminzi ose kubva muboka B, uyewo mavhitaminzi A, C, D uye K. Ryadovki ipfuma yakawanda yeprotein yepamusoro, ine zvose amino acids zvakakosha kuvanhu.

Mitsara inozivikanwa kuti ine antibacterial properties. Mune mamwe mishonga, vanonzi mushonga wetibhii. Uye zvose nokuti howa idzi dzine mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya - fomecin uye clitocin. Nenzira, aya makemikari emakemikari anoshanda kwete chete mukurwisa mabhakitiriya ane ngozi, asi anogonawo kudzivirira kukura kwekenza yemamota.

Howa, anozivikanwa zvikuru se "mbeva", mumishonga haisi zvachose grey uye nondescript. Iyo antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant properties yechigadzirwa ichi inopupurirwa nesayenzi. Iyo yakasarudzika kuumbwa kwemitsara inobatsira kusimbisa immune system, kuvandudza kushanda kwemoyo, normalize BP uye shuga yeropa. Howa, kana huchishandiswa nguva dzose, kurapa arrhythmia, kunatsiridza basa rehuropi uye kusimbisa tsinga dzeropa. Vanokwanisawo kubvisa kuneta kusingaperi, kuwedzera kushanda zvakanaka, kuchengetedza hurongwa hwemitsipa kubva kune overvoltage. Vatsvakurudzi vakacherechedza maitiro akanaka emitsara panhengo dzekudya. Ichi chigadzirwa chinomisikidza sisitimu, chinobvisa chepfu kubva mumuviri, chinogadzirisa kushanda kwechiropa, chinochichenesa chepfu, uye chinoderedza cholesterol. "Mice" inobatsira kune zvirwere zvepleen, zvirwere zvegenitourinary system, rheumatism, uye kusagadzikana kwekutya.

Munguva yenguva yefuruwenza uye GRVI denda, mitsara inogonawo kuuya kuzonunura, ichiita pamuviri seye immunomodulator uye mushonga wechisikigo kurwisa mavhairasi uye mabhakitiriya. Nenzira, zviedzo zvakaratidza kushanda kweiyo mushroom inotorwa mukurwisa tubercle bacillus uye shuga yakakwira yeropa. Mu oncology, kukwasva kunoshandiswa nenzira ye mycelium. Inoshandiswa kugadzira mishonga inoshandiswa mukurapa gomarara rezamu nemuromo wechibereko.

Uye mishonga yechivanhu inoshandisa infusions uye mafuta ane rowan extract kurapa zvirwere zveganda uye kubvisa wrinkles. Dried mushroom tinctures inobatsira kubvisa acne, ganda kutsamwa uye mafuta sheen pachiso.

Zvinotonyanya kuipa kana ukavhiringa mutsara nedandemutande repepuru risingadyiki (chinhu chayo chinosiyanisa chidzitiro chakafanana nedandemutande).

Njodzi dzinogona kuitika

Mitsara yakabikwa kana hafu inogona kuva nengozi kumuviri. Vanokanganisa hurongwa hwekudya nenzira dzakasiyana: vanokonzera kubva pakusadya kusvika kune chepfu yakakomba. Kufanana nehowa hwose, dzinotora nyore mishonga yezvipembenene kubva muvhu uye kenza kubva mumhepo. Inounganidzwa munzvimbo isina kunaka ine ngozi kune muviri. Nenzira, iyo yakakura iyo mushroom, iyo inowedzera chepfu inoisa.

Kubika sei

Panyaya yekudyiwa, howa uhu hwakasiyana. Inogona kukohwewa mushure mechando: mitsara yakanyungudutswa mushure mechando hairasikirwe nekunaka kwayo uye ichiri kudyiwa. Asi zvakadaro, howa hudiki uye hutsva hunonaka, uye kukura kwehowa, kupenya kunorwadza kunonzwika muhutu hwayo.

"Mice" haidi nzira yakakosha yekukohwa. Izvo zvakakodzera kufashaidza, kubikwa, kuisa munyu, kugadzira minced nyama uye sosi. Kurudziro chete: usati wagadzirira mutsara, zvichiri nani kuchenesa firimu paheti. Howa hwakabikwa hunosviba zvishoma uye hunochinja ruvara: kamwe nyama yepepuru inova grey-white kana chestnut. Mumvura ine munyu zvishoma, howa idzi dzinosvika pakugadzirira mumaminitsi makumi maviri. Asi usati wabika, zvakakosha kuchenesa uye kuasukurudza kakawanda.

Mitsetse yakagadzirira ine kunhuhwirira kwakananga. Vamwe vanhu vanochida uye vanowedzera "mbeva" kune ndiro kubva kune dzimwe howa kuitira kuwedzera kunhuhwirira. Vamwe vabiki, pane zvinopesana, havakurudzire musanganiswa uyu. Asi zvese izvi, sezvavanotaura, inyaya yekuravira. Kusvikira wazviedza iwe pachako, zvakaoma kutonga kuti ndiani akarurama. Mitsara yakabikwa kana yakakangwa inofamba zvakanaka nemazai, nyama, muriwo nemupunga. Caviar inogadzirwa kubva kune mamwe marudzi ehowa idzi.

Mitsara mitsva mufiriji inochengeterwa kusvika kumazuva matatu, yakaoma uye yakanyungudutswa - kusvika kumwedzi mitanhatu, yakaomeswa uye yakasanganiswa - gore.

Recipe yema pickled mbeva

Fashaidza howa dzakapepetwa, kubvisa furo. Yakagadzirira kuchinjika muzvirongo, wedzera zvinonhuwira (bay leaf, cloves, dema uye allspice). Dururira zviri mukati nekubika marinade yakagadzirwa nemvura, vhiniga, munyu uye shuga.

Kurimwa kumba

Mitsara ndeyehowa ihwohwo huri nyore kurima huri hwega kumba. Iyo meshini yakafanana nekurimwa kwemachampignon, asi nemamwe mazwi.

Isa mabhegi ane mycelium pasi pemiti, munzvimbo dzakachengetedzwa kubva kune zuva rakananga. Mycelium, sekutonga, inogadzira 0,2% yehuwandu hwe substrate. Inokura zvakanyanya pakupisa kwe20 degrees. Zvakakosha kuti ivhu repamusoro rinogara rakanyorova. Kukohwa kwekutanga kuchaonekwa muinenge mwedzi. Pakutanga, "mbeva" dzichaonekwa mumafungu, uye nekufamba kwenguva dzichatanga kubereka michero nguva dzose kwemwedzi 3-4.

Howa uhu hahutyi chando. Kana tembiricha yemhepo yadzikira pasi pe5 degrees celsius, mycelium inofukidzwa nemashanga kana mashizha akakora. Muchirimo, kana mhepo ichidziya kusvika +10, iyo "insulation" inobviswa.

Asi munda webindu haisi iyo chete nzvimbo yaunogona "kugadzirisa" mhuri yemitsara. Vanonzwa vakakura mune chero kamuri ine yakanaka kutenderera kwemhepo, kuvheneka nguva dzose, pakupisa kwe10-15 degrees.

Pasinei nekuti nhasi mitsetse yave yakarasika pasi mukuzivikanwa, inoramba ichingoshanda kuvanhu. Pamusoro pazvo, kana vatsvakurudzi vachiwedzera kudzidza nezvehowa uhwu, ndipo panobva pawanwa zvinhu zvinobatsira. Uye rega "mbeva" dzekunze dziite sedzisina kunaka, asi izvi hazvikanganisi kuravira kwavo uye hunhu hwekudya. Zvakanaka, hazvisi pasina izvo vanhu vakambozviti imwe yezvinonaka kwazvo.