Akaitwa mutsvene neChechi yeOrthodox yeRussia, St. Tikhon, Patriarch weMoscow and All Rus' (1865-1925), ane zvisaririra zvake zviri mucathedral huru yeDonskoy Monastery, akatsaurira imwe yehurukuro dzake kune vanodya miriwo, achiidana kuti “inzwi mukati. kufarira kutsanya.” Kubvunza mamwe misimboti yevanodya miriwo, pazere, mutsvene anotaura KUNE kuramba kudya zvinhu zvese zvipenyu.
Tinoona zvakakodzera kutaura zvizere zvimwe zvikamu kubva munhaurirano dzeSt. Tikhon…
Pasi pezita rezvinomera zvinorehwa kutungamira kwakadaro mumaonero evanhu vemazuva ano, izvo zvinobvumira kudya michero yemiti chete, uye kwete nyama nehove. Mukudzivirira dzidziso yavo, vanodya miriwo vanotaura dhata 1) kubva kuanatomy: munhu ndeweboka rezvisikwa zvinodya nyama, uye kwete omnivores uye carnivores; 2) kubva kune organic chemistry: chikafu chekudyara chine zvese zvinodiwa pakudya uye chinogona kuchengetedza simba remunhu uye hutano kusvika pamwero wakafanana nekudya kwakasanganiswa, ndiko kuti, mhuka-yemiriwo chikafu; 3) kubva ku physiology: kudya kwekudyara kunowanikwa zviri nani kupfuura nyama; 4) kubva kumushonga: kudya kwenyama kunofadza muviri uye kunopfupisa hupenyu, asi chikafu chezvinomera, pane kudaro, chinochengetedza nekurebesa; 5) kubva kuhupfumi: chikafu chemiriwo chinodhura kupfuura chikafu chenyama; 6) Pakupedzisira, mirangariro yetsika inopiwa: kuuraya mhuka kunopesana nokunzwa kwetsika kwomunhu, nepo kudya mirivo kunounza rugare muzvose zviri zviviri muupenyu hwomunhu amene uye muukama hwake nenyika yemhuka.
Zvimwe zvezvifungiro izvi zvakaratidzwa kunyange munguva dzekare, munyika yevahedheni (naPythagoras, Plato, Sakia-Muni); munyika yechiKristu dzaidzokororwa kakawanda, asi kunyanguvezvo avo vakaataura vakanga vari vanhu vasina kuroora uye vaisaumba nzanga; pakati pezana rino ramakore bedzi muEngland, uye ipapo mune dzimwe nyika, nzanga yose yevanodya miriwo yakamuka. Kubva ipapo, kufamba kwezvinomera kuri kuramba kuchiwedzera; kazhinji kazhinji kune vateveri vake vanoparadzira nokushingaira mirangariro yavo uye vanoedza kuashandisa; saka muWestern Europe kune maresitorendi akawanda ezvinomera (muLondon chete kune anosvika makumi matatu), umo madhishi anogadzirwa chete kubva pakudya kwezvirimwa; Mabhuku ekubikira zvirimwa anoburitswa aine zvirongwa zvekudya uye mirairo yekugadzirira zvinopfuura mazana masere ndiro. Isu tinewo vateveri vezvinomera muRussia, pakati pavo pane munyori ane mukurumbira Count Leo Tolstoy…
…Vegetarianism inovimbiswa ramangwana rakafara, sezvo, vanodaro, vanhu willy-nilly vanozopedzisira vasvika panzira yekudya miriwo. Kunyange iye zvino, mune dzimwe nyika dzeEurope, chiitiko chekuderera kwezvipfuwo chinoonekwa, uye muAsia chiitiko ichi chave kutoitika, kunyanya munyika dzine vanhu vakawanda - muChina neJapan, kuitira kuti mune ramangwana, kunyange zvazvo zvisiri izvo. pedyo, hapachazovi nezvipfuwo zvachose, uye naizvozvo, nezvokudya zvenyama. Kana izvi zvirizvo, saka vegetarianism ine hunhu hwekuti vateveri vayo vanogadzira nzira dzekudya nekurarama zvekuti munguva pfupi kana gare gare vanhu vanozobatana. Asi pamusoro peiyi dambudziko rakakodzera, vegetarianism ine hunhu husina kupokana kuti inopa chikumbiro chekuchimbidza kuzvidzora kuzera redu rekuzvidira uye rakapfava ...
… Vanodya miriwo vanofunga kuti kudai vanhu vaisadya chikafu chenyama, ipapo budiriro yakakwana ingadai yakavambwa panyika kare kare. Kunyange Plato, munhaurirano yake "On the Republic", akawana mudzi wekusaruramisira, tsime rehondo uye humwe huipi, pakuti vanhu havadi kugutsikana nemararamiro akareruka uye kudya kwezvirimwa zvakaoma, asi idya. nyama. Uye mumwe mutsigiri wezvinomera, atobva kuvaKristu, Anabaptist Tryon (akafa muna 1703), ane mashoko pamusoro penyaya iyi, iyo munyori we "Ethics of Food" anodzokorora mubhuku rake ne "mufaro" unokosha.
“Kana vanhu,” anodaro Tryon, “vakarega kukakavara, vosiya udzvinyiriri uye zvinovasimudzira nokuvarasira kwazviri – kubva pakuuraya mhuka uye kudya ropa radzo nenyama—zvino munguva pfupi vangangopera simba, kana kuti zvimwe, uye kupondana pakati pazvo. Kurwisana kwadhiyabhorosi nehutsinye hwaizopera zvachose… Ipapo ruvengo rwose rwaizopera, kugomera kunosiririsa kwavanhu kana kwemombe kwaizonzwika. Ipapo hakusati kuchizova nehova dzeropa remhuka dzakaurawa, hapana kunhuwa kwenyama pamisika, kana vatengesi veropa, kana kutinhira kwepfuti, kana kupiswa kwamaguta. Matirongo anonhuwa achanyangarika, masuwo edare achakoromoka, shure kwaizvozvo vanhu vanoziya vakadzi vavo navana, mweya usina simba; kuchema kwaavo vanokumbira zvokudya kana zvokufuka kuchanyaradzwa. Hakusati kuchizova nokushatirwa, hakusati kuchizova noruzivo rwokuzviwanira rwoungwaru rwokuparadza muzuva rimwe icho chakasikwa kupfurikidza nokushanda nesimba kwezviuru zvavanhu, pasina kutukwa kunotyisa, pasina kutaura kwakashata. Hapazovi nekutambudzwa kwemhuka kusiri madikanwa nebasa rakawandisa, hapazovi nehuori hwemhandara. Hapazovi nekurenda minda nemapurazi nemitengo ichamanikidza muroja kuzvinetesa iye nevashandi vake nemombe zvinenge zvofa asi oramba aine chikwereti. Hakungavi nedzvinyiriro yowakaderera nowakakwirira, hapazovi nechikonzero chokushayikwa kwokunyanyisa uye kuva nemakaro; kugomera kwavakakuvadzwa kuchanyarara; hapazodikanirwi kuti vanachiremba vacheke mabara kubva pamiviri yavo, kubvisa maoko nemakumbo akapwanyika kana kuti akatyoka. Kuchema uye kugomera kweavo vanorwara negout kana zvimwe zvirwere zvakakomba (semaperembudzi kana kushandiswa), kunze kwezvirwere zvekukwegura, zvichapera. Uye vana vacharega kuva vanyajambwa vokutambura kusingaverengeki uye vachava noutano hwakafanana namakwayana, mhuru, kana kuti vana veimwe mhuka ipi neipi isingazivi zvirwere. Uyu ndiwo mufananidzo unokwezva uyo vanodya miriwo vanopenda, uye zviri nyore sei kuita izvi zvese: kana ukasadya nyama, paradhiso chaiyo ichagadzwa pasi pano, hupenyu hune rugare uye husina hanya.
… Zvinotenderwa, zvisinei, kukahadzika kugona kwezviroto zvese zvakajeka zvevadyari. Ichokwadi kuti kuzvidzora zvachose, uye kunyanya kubva mukushandiswa kwechikafu chenyama, kunoderedza zvishuvo zvedu uye kuchiva kwenyama, kunopa kureruka kukuru kumweya wedu uye kunoubatsira kuti uzvisunungure kubva pakutonga kwenyama uye kuzviisa pasi pekutonga kwayo uye. control. Nekudaro, chingave chikanganiso kufunga uku kuzvidzora kwemuviri sehwaro hwetsika, kuwana hunhu hwese hwepamusoro kubva kwairi uye funga nevarimi kuti "chikafu chemuriwo pachacho chinogadzira hunhu hwakawanda" ...
Kutsanya kwemuviri kunoshanda chete senzira uye rubatsiro rwekuwana hunhu - kuchena uye kuchena, uye kunofanira kunge kwakabatanidzwa nekutsanya kwemweya - nekuzvidzora kubva kune zvishuwo neuipi, nekubvisa kubva papfungwa dzakaipa nemabasa akaipa. Uye pasina izvi, pachazvo, hazvina kukwana kuruponeso.