Mukati
Kushaya simba kwetsandanyama kune vakwegura kwakabatana zvakananga nekukwegura kwemuviri. Masayendisiti ave achiedza kwemakumi emakore kutsvaga chikonzero chekukwegura kwevanhu (sarcopenia), uye munguva pfupi yapfuura vakabudirira. Nyanzvi dzakatsanangura zvakadzama mhedzisiro yekutsvagisa kwavo mumapepa esainzi.
Izvo zvakakosha uye mhedzisiro yekudzidza kwesainzi kubva kuSweden
Biologist kubva kuCarolingian University vanotenda kuti kuchembera kwemhasuru kwakabatana nekuunganidzwa kwekuchinja mumasero. Ndichiri kudzidza maitiro emuviri wemunhu, vakaburitsa zvinotevera: mune yega tsandanyama stem cell, nhamba huru yekuchinja inoungana. Pakusvika pazera re60-70, kukanganisa muDNA kunoratidzika semhedzisiro yekuparadzanisa masero emhasuru. Kusvika pazera rino, angangoita 1 chiuru shanduko dzinogona kuunganidza.
Muhuduku, iyo nucleic acid inodzorerwa, asi mukukwegura hapana nzira yekuzvarwa patsva. Izvo zvakanyanya kuchengetedzwa zvikamu zvekromosome set, izvo zvinokonzeresa mamiriro emasero. Asi mushure memakore makumi mana gore rega rega kudzivirira kunopera simba.
Biologist inoda kuona kana kurovedza muviri kunogona kukanganisa pathology. Munguva pfupi yapfuura, masayendisiti akawana kuti mitambo inobatsira kuparadza masero akakuvara, kukurudzira kuzvivandudza kwetsandanyama. Ndokusaka nyanzvi dzeSweden dzichida kutsvaga nzira yekudzikisa hundonda hunoenderana nezera.
Tsvagiridzo yakaitwa nemasayendisiti kubva kuAmerica neDenmark
Nyanzvi kubva kuUnited States of America neDenmark dzakakwanisa kudoma zvikonzero zve sarcopenia muna sekuru nasekuru. Vakawanawo nzira yekudzikisa kuchembera kwemhasuru tishu. Vakwegura (avhareji yemakore 70-72 makore) uye vechidiki (kubva pamakore makumi maviri kusvika ku20) vakatora chikamu mukuedzwa uye kuedza. Vaidzidza vaive varume makumi matatu.
Pakutanga kwekuedza, sampuli dzemasumbu emasumbu kubva pachidya zvakatorwa kubva kune vamiririri vepabonde rakasimba. Vanyori vebasa resainzi vakamisa makumbo ezasi evatori vechikamu nemichina yakakosha yekugadzirisa kwemazuva gumi nemana (muscle atrophy yaive modeled). Mushure mekunge masayendisiti abvisa mudziyo, varume vaifanira kuita maekisesaizi akawanda. Mafambiro acho aifanirwa kubatsira kudzoreredza tsandanyama. Mushure memazuva matatu ekudzidziswa nezvidzidzo, nyanzvi dzezvinhu zvipenyu dzakasarudza kutora sampuli dzematishu zvakare. Mushure memavhiki e14, varume vakauya zvakare kuzoitwa.
Ongororo yemasamples yakaratidza kuti pakutanga kwechidzidzo, vakomana vechidiki vaive ne2 times more stem maseru mumatishu avo kupfuura vanhu vakuru. Mushure mekugadzira atrophy, mukaha pakati pezviratidzo wakawedzera ne4 nguva. Masayendisiti akacherechedza kuti kune vakwegura vatori vechikamu mukuedza, masero emasero mumasumbu akanga asina kushanda nguva yose iyi. Zvakare, muvarume pazera ramakore makumi manomwe, kuzvimba uye mavanga ematishu zvakatanga.
Zvigumisiro zvechidzidzo zvakaratidza zvakare kuti zvakakosha kuti vanhu vakuru vafambe, sezvo kusaita kwenguva refu kunokanganisa kukwanisa kwemhasuru kupora voga.
Tsvagiridzo neColombian physiologists
Masayendisiti anobva kuColombia akatsunga kuti panguva yekurovedza muviri, mapfupa evanhu anotanga kubudisa hormone inonzi osteocalcin (nekubatsira kwayo, kushanda kwemhasuru kunowedzera). Pakusvika pazera remakore makumi matatu muvakadzi uye makore makumi mashanu muvarume, iyi hormone haisati yagadzirwa.
Mitambo yemitambo inowedzera huwandu hweosteocalcin muropa. Nyanzvi dzakatora miedzo kubva kumhuka uye dzakasvika pakugumisa kuti mumakonzo (zera - mwedzi 3) kuiswa kwehomoni muropa kunowedzera ka 4 kudarika mumakonzo ane mwedzi gumi nemaviri. Panguva imwecheteyo, mhuka dzakamhanya zuva nezuva kubva pamaminitsi makumi mana kusvika ku12. Vechidiki vakamhanya vangangoita 40 zviuru zvemamita, makonzo evakuru akakwanisa kumhanya 45 zviuru zvemamita panguva imwe chete yenguva.
Kuti aratidze kuti chikamu chakakosha chinogadzirisa kutsungirira kwemasumbu emasumbu ndeye osteocalcin, vanyori vebasa resainzi vakaita chidzidzo pamhuka dzakagadziriswa genetic (muviri wemakonzo hauna kuburitsa yakakwana yehomoni). Makonzo ekare akakwanisa kukunda chete 20-30% yedaro rinodiwa pane vechidiki. Apo iyo hormone yakaiswa mumhuka dzakwegura, kushanda kwemasumbu emhasuru kwakadzorerwa kusvika pamwero wemakonzo ane mwedzi mitatu.
Nyanzvi dzePhysiology dzakadhirowa fananidzo nevanhu uye vakawana kuti huwandu hweosteocalcin muropa remunhu hunodzikirawo nezera. Vane chokwadi chokuti sarcopenia muvakadzi inotanga kare kare kupfuura varume. Munguva yekuedza, zvakaonekwa kuti basa guru rehomoni nderokubatsira mhasuru panguva yekurovedza muviri kwenguva refu. Nechinhu ichi, pane kukurumidza kufananidzwa kwemafuta acids uye glucose panguva yekudzidziswa.
Masayendisiti anorayira mushure memakore makumi mana kuti ape kufarira kusimba maekisesaizi uye kusimba. Kudzidzira 40-1 kanomwe pavhiki kuchabatsira kuchengetedza tsandanyama toni, kukurudzira kukura kwemisumbu mitsva. Kuti urege kukuvadzwa, usaregeredza zano remurairidzi wega.
Kusimbisa tsandanyama uye kudya
Kudzidziswa kwetsandanyama kunowanikwa nenzira dzakasiyana-siyana: kushambira, bhasikoro, kuita yoga, kufamba. Chinonyanya kukosha ndechekufambisa, iyo inofanira kuva yenguva dzose kune vakwegura. Maekisesaizi ekufema anoonekwa seanoshanda.
Chimiro chinoshanda chekudzidzira chinosanganisira: kusvina uye kusunungura maoko, zvishoma nezvishoma kukotama mberi uye kukwevera mabvi kuchipfuva nemaoko, kutenderedza mapendekete mberi uye kumashure, kutenderedza tsoka, pamwe nekurerekera kumativi uye kushandura muviri. Self-massage ichava nemigumisiro yakanaka pamisungo.
Kugadziriswa kwekudya kwakakosha zvakanyanya. Zvokudya zvezuva nezuva zvinofanira kusanganisira zvokudya, izvo zvinosanganisira mapuroteni akawanda (kottage cheese, mazai, chicken breast, squid, shrimp, hove tsvuku). Kudya kunofanira kuva nguva dzose - kubva pa5 kusvika ku6 kanomwe pazuva. Nyanzvi yezvekudya ichakubatsira iwe kugadzira menyu ine hutano kwemazuva manomwe. Vanhu vakwegura vanofanira kushandisa vitamin complexes, iyo ichave yakarongerwa nechiremba anoenda kune mumwe munhu.