Mukati
Zvese nezve sea herring
Kune marudzi akawanda ehove, ayo muRussia anonzi herring. Mukuwedzera kune, chaizvoizvo, herring yegungwa, inosanganisira mvura yakachena, anadromous, semi-anadromous marudzi, ose ane hukama uye asina hukama nemhuri yeherring. Kusanganisira mamwe marudzi ewhitefish uye cyprinids. Nezvesainzi, herring iboka guru rehove dzinogara mumvura ine munyu. Mvura yakachena kana mhando dzeanadromous dzinotsanangurwa muchikamu chakasiyana, nepo sea herring (Clupea) imhando yakaparadzana yehove inogara kuchamhembe uye, kune imwe nhanho, yekumaodzanyemba hemisphere. Kuwedzera pairi, mamwe akawanda ane hukama genera (anenge gumi nemaviri), kusanganisira anopfuura makumi mana emarudzi, anogara mumvura yegungwa. Kuonekwa kwema herrings kunonyatso zivikanwa, i valky muviri wakamanikidzwa zvakasimba kubva kumativi, notched caudal fin. Muromo uri pakati nepakati, mazino pashaya kazhinji asipo. Musana wakasviba, muviri wakafukidzwa nezviyero zvinodonha zviri nyore. Kuvapo kwedundira rekushambira, ine yakavhurika system, inoratidza kuti herring ipelargic hove inokwanisa kurarama pakadzika kwakasiyana. Herring imhando yepakati-kati, vanhu vazhinji vanokura kwete kupfuura 12-40 cm. Zvinotendwa kuti hove dzinokwanisa kupedza chikamu chakakosha chehupenyu hwavo pakadzika. Nzira yehupenyu yakaoma, imwe mhuka ine vanhu vanofamba kwenguva refu, nepo vamwe vanogona kugara pedyo nemhenderekedzo yekuzvarwa hupenyu hwavo hwose kana kusambobva pasherufu. Mamwe mapoka anogara mumadziva akakomberedzwa ane brackish kana madhamu. Panguva imwe cheteyo, mamwe mapoka makuru ehove imwe cheteyo anotama achitsvaka zvokudya uye nguva nenguva anooneka ari pedyo nemhenderekedzo yegungwa “sokunge asina kwaanobva.” Hove dzinodya pa zooplankton, mukutsvaga kwadzinofambisa munzvimbo dzakasiyana dzemvura. Iyo huru yegungwa herrings inosanganisira matatu marudzi: Atlantic, Eastern uye Chilean. Zvakakodzera kutaura pano kuti iyo inozivikanwa kwazvo "Ivasi herring" haisi herring kubva pakuona kwesainzi, iFar Eastern sardine. Sardines zvakare ihove dzemhuri yeherring, asi dziri dzeimwe genus.
Nzira dzokubata hove
Zvisinei nekuti vanhu vazhinji vanosanganisa herring nekuredza nemateve nemambure eindasitiri, kuredza kwekunakidzwa kunogonawo kunakidza. Tichifunga kuti herring ndicho chikafu chikuru chehove dzakawanda dzemugungwa, hove iyi inogona kubatwa kwete chete nekuda kwe "sports kufarira", asiwo nechirauro. Iyo inonyanya kufarirwa uye inobhadhara tackle marudzi akasiyana-siyana e-multi-hook rods ane "running rig", iyo inoshandisa zvose zvakagadzirirwa uye zvisikwa. Munguva ye "kufamba kwehove" vanobata pane chero midziyo inogona kukanda kutevedzera kwechikafu chikuru kana masikirwo emasikirwo epakati.
Kubata herring pa "mudzvinyiriri", "muti weKisimusi"
Kubata hove ye "mudzvinyiriri", pasinei nezita, iro rinonyatsobva kuRussia, rakapararira uye rinoshandiswa nevaredzi pasi rose. Kune misiyano midiki yenzvimbo, asi musimboti wekubata hove wakafanana kwese. Izvo zvakakoshawo kuziva kuti mutsauko mukuru pakati pema rigs unoenderana nehukuru hwemhuka. Pakutanga, kushandiswa kwetsvimbo chero ipi zvayo hakuna kupiwa. Humwe huwandu hwetambo hunokuvadzwa pareel yechimiro chisina kujeka, zvichienderana nekudzika kwekuredza, izvi zvinogona kusvika kumazana emamita. Sink ine uremu hwakakodzera hunosvika 400 g inogadziriswa pamagumo, dzimwe nguva ine loop pasi kuti ichengetedze imwe leash. Leashes inogadziriswa patambo, kazhinji, muhuwandu hwezvikamu zvinenge 10-15. Inotungamira inogona kugadzirwa kubva kune zvinhu zvinoenderana neinoda kubata. Inogona kunge iri monofilament kana simbi inotungamira zvinhu kana waya. Izvo zvinofanirwa kujekeswa kuti hove dzegungwa hadzina "finicky" kune ukobvu hwemidziyo, saka unogona kushandisa yakaringana gobvu monofilaments (0.5-0.6 mm). Nezve zvikamu zvesimbi zvemidziyo, kunyanya zvikorekedzo, zvakakosha kuyeuka kuti dzinofanirwa kuve dzakaputirwa ne-anti-corrosion coating, nekuti mvura yegungwa inoparadza simbi nekukurumidza. Mune "classic" vhezheni, "mudzvinyiriri" akashongedzerwa nemabheti ane akabatanidzwa ane mavara minhenga, shinda dzemvere dzemakwai kana zvidimbu zvekugadzira zvinhu. Mukuwedzera, madiki madiki, mabhesi akaiswa, mabhesi, nezvimwe zvinoshandiswa pakuredza. Mune shanduro dzemazuva ano, kana uchibatanidza zvikamu zvezvishandiso, swivels akasiyana-siyana, zvindori, nezvimwewo zvinoshandiswa. Izvi zvinowedzera kushandiswa kwakasiyana-siyana kwekugadzirisa, asi zvinogona kukuvadza kusimba kwayo. Izvo zvinodiwa kushandisa zvakavimbika, zvinodhura fittings. Pazvikepe zvine hunyanzvi zvekuredza pa "mudzvinyiriri" akakosha pa-board giya reeling gear anogona kupihwa. Izvi zvinobatsira zvikuru kana uchibata hove pakadzika dzika. Kana kubata hove kubva muaizi kana chikepe pamitsetse midiki, saka mareel akajairika anokwana, anogona kushanda setsvimbo pfupi. Paunenge uchishandisa matanda eparutivi ane zvindori zvekupfuudza kana mapfupi egungwa anotenderera, pane dambudziko, pane ese akawanda-hook rigs, nekudzoreredzwa kweiyo rig paunenge uchitamba hove. Kana uchibata hove duku, dambudziko iri rinogadziriswa nekushandisa matanda ane zvindori zvekubuda 6-7 m kureba, uye kana uchibata hove huru, nekugadzirisa nhamba ye "kushanda" leashes. Chero zvazvingava, paunenge uchigadzirira kubata hove, iyo huru leitmotif inofanira kuva nyore uye nyore panguva yekubata hove. "Samodur" inonziwo multi-hook midziyo inoshandisa muromo wepanyama. Nheyo yekubata hove iri nyore, mushure mekudzikisa siner munzvimbo yakatwasuka kusvika pakadzika yakafanotemerwa, muredzi anoita nguva nenguva madiki ekubata, zvinoenderana nemusimboti wekupenya kwakatwasuka. Munyaya yekurumwa kunoshanda, izvi, dzimwe nguva, hazvidiwi. "Kudzika" kwehove pazviredzo zvinogona kuitika pakudzikisa midziyo kana kubva pakudzika kwechikepe.
Zviredzo
Muzviitiko zvakawanda, "mano" akareruka anoshandiswa, akagadzirwa kubva kune zvakasiyana-siyana zvinopenya zvinhu, dzimwe nguva, chaizvoizvo, "pamabvi". Muchisarudzo chekubata hove nemabheti echisikigo, zvinokwanisika kushandisa hove uye nyama yehove, kunyange magot, chimiro chikuru chezviredzo zvakadaro chinofanira kunge chiri mamiriro ekudzivirira kurumwa kazhinji.
Nzvimbo dzekuredza uye dzekugara
Sezvatotaurwa, sea herring inogara munzvimbo yegungwa. Vanogara munzvimbo dzakadzikama uye dzine chikamu chemvura dzeArctic kuchamhembe kwehemisphere, pamwe nekumahombekombe eChile kumaodzanyemba. Kubva kumhenderekedzo yeRussia, mapoka eheringi anogona kuwanikwa pamhenderekedzo yePacific, uyewo muWhite uye Barents Seas, nezvimwewo.
Kubereka
Hove dzinokura pamakore 2-3, dzisati dzabereka dzinounganidza mapoka makuru. Kuberekesa kunoitika mumbiru yemvura pakadzika kwakasiyana-siyana. Sticky caviar inogara pasi. Nguva yekubereka inoenderana nenzvimbo yekugara, uye nekudaro, tichifunga nezvemarudzi ese, inogona kuitika rinenge gore rose. Kune yeNorway neBaltic herring, nguva yekuberekesa ndeyechirimo uye chirimo.