Nasal septum, kana nasal septum, ndiwo mudhuri wakatwasuka uyu unopatsanura maburi maviri emhino anovhura mumhino. Yakaumbwa neosteocartilaginous skeleton, inogona kunge iri nzvimbo yekutsauka kana kukoromoka, ine mhedzisiro pakuvimbika kwemhino nemhando yekufema.

Mhino inoumbwa nemhando dzakasiyana-siyana: bhonzo rakachena remhino, chikamu chakaoma zvikuru pamusoro pemhino, cartilage inoumba chikamu chepasi chemhino, uye fibrous tissue mumhino. Mukati, mhuno yakakamurwa kuita mapako maviri emhino akapatsanurwa nenasal septum, inonziwo septum. Iyi septum yemhino inoumbwa ne bony rear part uye cartilaginous anterior part, uye yakaputirwa ne mucous membrane. Inzvimbo yakapfuma ine vascularized.

Iyo nasal septum inopatsanura symmetrically mativi maviri emhino, nekudaro kuve nechokwadi kutenderera kwakanaka kwemhepo inofemerwa uye yekufemerwa. Iinewo basa rinotsigira pamhino.

Kutsauka kwe nasal septum

Vanenge 80% yevakuru vane imwe dhigirii yemhino septum kutsauka, kazhinji asymptomatically. Dzimwe nguva, zvakadaro, kutsauka uku kunogona kutungamira kune zvekurapa uye / kana zvekunakisa matambudziko:

• kuvharika kwemhino izvo zvingakonzera kuoma kwekufema, ngonono, obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS);
• kufema muromo kutsiva. Uku kufema kwemuromo kunogona kukonzera kuomeswa kwenasal mucous membranes, kuwedzera njodzi yeENT pathologies;
• sinus kana kunyange hutachiona hwenzeve nekuda kwekusamira kwemhino yemhino;
• migraines;
• aesthetic kusagadzikana kana yakabatana nekunze deformation yemhino.

Kutsauka kwemhino septum kunogona kuva yekuzvarwa (ikozvino pakuzvarwa), kuoneka panguva yekukura kana kuve nekuda kwekukuvara kumhino (kukanganisa, kuvhunduka).

Inogona kukanganisa chete cartilaginous chikamu kana zvakare bony chikamu chemhino septum pamwe nemapfupa emhino. Inogona kungobata chikamu chepamusoro chekuparadzanisa, nekutsauka kurudyi kana kuruboshwe, kana kuva muchimiro che "s" nekutsauka kumusoro kune rumwe rutivi, kune rumwe rutivi pasi. Iyo dzimwe nguva inoperekedzwa nemapolyps, madiki mamota emumhino, uye hypertrophy ye turbinates, izvo zvinokonzeresa kushata kwemhepo kutenderera mumhino yatove yakatetepa nekutsauka.

Kuputika kwe nasal septum

Iyo inonziwo septal perforation, perforation ye nasal septum inowanzogara pane anterior cartilaginous chikamu che septum. Idiki muhukuru, kubhomba uku hakugone kukonzera chero zviratidzo, saka dzimwe nguva kunowanikwa zvisingatarisirwe panguva yekuongororwa kwemhino. Kana iyo perforation yakakosha kana zvichienderana nenzvimbo yayo, inogona kukonzera kufema pakufema, kuchinja kwezwi, kuvhara kwemhino, zviratidzo zvinopisa, scabs, nosebleeds.

Chikonzero chikuru chekupwanya kwenasal septum inoramba ichivhiyiwa nasal, kutanga ne septoplasty. Dzimwe nzira dzokurapa dzimwe nguva dzinobatanidzwa: cauterization, kuiswa kwenasogastric tube, nezvimwewo. Chikonzero chacho chinogonawo kuva chehutu hwepakutanga, inobva yadzorwa nekufema kwecocaine. Kashoma, septal perforation iyi ndeimwe yezviratidzo zvechirwere chetachiona: tibhii, syphilis, maperembudzi, systemic lupus erythematosus uye granulomatosis ine polyangiitis.

Kurapa kwakatsauka nasal septum

Muchinangwa chekutanga, kurapwa kwemishonga kunozorongerwa kudzikisa zviratidzo. Aya ndiwo madhiraivha ekudzivirira kana, kana kuzvimba kwemhino cavities, corticosteroids kana antihistamines.

Kana kutsauka kweseptum yemhino kuchikonzera kusagadzikana kana matambudziko (kunetseka kwekufema, hutachiona hwenguva dzose, kuputika kwehope), septoplasty inogona kuitwa. Uku kurapwa kwekuvhiya kunosanganisira kugadzirisa uye / kana kubvisa zvishoma zvikamu zvakaremara zvenasal septum kuitira "kutwasanura" iyo. Kupindira, kunotora pakati pemaminitsi makumi matatu neawa 30 maminitsi makumi matatu, kunoitika pasi peanesthesia yakawanda uye kazhinji pasi pe endoscopy uye nenzira dzechisikigo, kureva nasal. The incision is endonasal, saka hapazove nevanga rinooneka. Mune zvimwe zviitiko zvakadaro, kunyanya kana kutsauka kwakaoma, kuchekwa kweganda kudiki kungave kuri madikanwa. Minimal, ichave iri pazasi pemhino. Septoplasty kuvhiya kunoshanda, sekudaro inogona kuvharwa nekuchengetedzwa kwevanhu, pasi pemamwe mamiriro (kusiyana nerhinoplasty isingagone).

Septoplasty dzimwe nguva inosanganiswa ne turbinoplasty kubvisa chikamu chidiki che turbinate (kuumbwa kwebhonzo remhino kwakavharwa ne mucous membrane) izvo zvinogona kuita kuti kuvharika kwemhino kuwedzere. Kana kutsauka kweseptum yemhino kwakabatana nekuremara kwekunze kwemhino, septoplasty inogona kusanganiswa nerhinoplasty. Izvi zvinonzi rhinoseptoplasty.

Kurapa kwe septal perforation

Mushure mekukundikana kwekutarisira kwenzvimbo uye chete mushure mechiratidzo cheptal perforation, kuvhiyiwa kunogona kupihwa. Iyo inowanzoenderana nekubatanidza zvidimbu zve septal kana oral mucosa. Kuiswa kwebturator, kana septal bhatani, zvakare kunogoneka.

Zviratidzo zvakasiyana zvinogona kuratidza kutsauka kweseptum yemhino: kusangana kwemhino (yakavharwa mhino, dzimwe nguva unilaterally), kunetseka kufema, kufema nemuromo kutsiva kushayikwa kwemhepo inoyerera mumhino, sinusitis, kubuda ropa, kubuda mumhino; kuvhiringidza kurara nekuda kwehope yekurara kana kuputika, ENT zvirwere, etc. Kana ichitaura, inogona kuperekedzwa nekutsauka kwemhino kunoonekwa kubva kunze.

Kutarisana nezviratidzo izvi, chiremba weENT achaongorora mukati memhino ndima achishandisa nasal endoscope. Kuongorora kwechiso kucharatidza chiyero chekutsauka kweseptum yemhino.

Septal perforation inoonekwa neanterior rhinoscopy kana nasofibroscopy.