Ndinofanira kutora mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya yefuru uye dzihwa here?

Chero nyanzvi yezvekurapa apedza kudzidza ane ruzivo rwakasimba rwekuti kurapa kwemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya edzihwa nefuruu hakuna zvazvinoreva. Vana chiremba vemuno nana chiremba vari kudzidzira muzvipatara vanozviziva. Zvisinei, mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya inorayirwa, uye inowanzoita senzira yekudzivirira. Pamusoro pazvo, murwere anenge aenda kuna chiremba anotarisira kurapwa kubva kwaari.

Kana iwe ukabvunza chiremba kana kunwa mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya yefuru uye kutonhora, ipapo mhinduro yacho ichava isina kunaka. Kurapa kwese kweARVI kunouya chete kunwa mvura yakawanda, kuzorora pamubhedha, kutora mavhithamini, kudya kwakanaka, kuchenesa mhino, gargling, inhalations uye symptomatic therapy. Mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya haidiwi, asi kazhinji murwere pachake anoomerera pavari, achikumbira chiremba kuti awane nguva.

Mukuita kwevana, mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya inowanzogadzirirwa chinangwa chekudzorerazve, kuitira kuti kukanganiswa kwebhakitiriya kurege kuitika pamusana pehutachiona hwehutachiona. Nokudaro, chiremba anokurudzira mushonga unoshanda kuvabereki, achiutumidza "antibiotic" yevana, kuitira kuti vazvidzivirire kubva kumibvunzo isingakoshi. Zvisinei, zvinetso zvinogona kudziviswa nokungopa mwana chinwiwa nenguva, kunyorovesa mhepo yaanofema, kugeza mhino dzake uye kushandisa mamwe marapirwo ane zviratidzo. Muviri, nerutsigiro rwakakwana rwakadaro, uchararama nechirwere chacho pachako.

Mubvunzo wakajairika kuti sei chiremba wevana achiri kunyorera mushonga unorwisa mabhakitiriya wefuruwenza uye SARS. Icho chokwadi ndechekuti njodzi yekunetsekana kwedzihwa uye furuwenza muvagere chikoro chakanyanya kukwirira. Dziviriro yavo yekuzvidzivirira haina kukwana, uye hutano hwavo hunowanzo kuderedzwa nekushaya zvokudya zvinovaka muviri, urombo hwezvakatipoteredza, nezvimwewo. Naizvozvo, kana dambudziko rikaitika, chiremba chete ndiye achava nemhosva. Ndiye achapomerwa kusakwanisa, kunyange kupomerwa uye kurasikirwa nebasa hazvirambidzwe. Izvi ndizvo zvinotungamira vana chiremba vazhinji kukurudzira mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya muzviitiko zvaanogona kupihwa.

Chiratidzo chekugadzwa kwemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya ndeyekuwedzera kwehutachiona hwehutachiona, iyo inopesana nefuruwenza uye kutonhora. Izvi zvinoitika kana muviri usingakwanise kurwisa utachiona uri wega.

Kunyangwe zvichibvira kunzwisisa pasi pekuongororwa, ndeapi maantibioti anodiwa?

Izvo, zvechokwadi, zvinokwanisika kunzwisisa kubva pakuongorora kuti antibacterial kurapwa kunodiwa.

Nekudaro, hazviitwe mune zvese zviitiko:

• Iko kuunganidza weti kana sputum yetsika bvunzo inodhura, umo polyclinics inotsvaga kuchengetedza bhajeti iripo;

• Kazhinji, smear inotorwa kubva mumhino uye pharynx ine chirwere chehuro. Swab inotorwa pamuti weLefler, iyo ndiyo inokonzera kukura kwe diphtheria. Zvakare, vanachiremba vanogona kutumira murwere kuti atore swab kubva kumatonsi kune tsika yebhakitiriya kana murwere achibatwa nechirwere chetonsillitis. Imwe ongororo yakajairika inosarudza weti tsika yepathologies yeurinary system;

• Kuwedzera kweESR uye chiyero che leukocytes, pamwe nekuchinja kweiyo leukocyte formula kuruboshwe, chiratidzo chisina kunanga chekuti kuputika kwebhakitiriya kunoitika mumuviri. Unogona kuona mufananidzo uyu nekuongororwa ropa kwekiriniki.

Nzira yekunzwisisa sei nekugara zvakanaka kuti matambudziko amuka?

Dzimwe nguva unogona kutonzwisisa kuti kukanganiswa kwebhakitiriya kwakamuka iwe pachako.

Izvi zvinoratidzwa nezviratidzo zvinotevera:

• Chakavanzika chinoparadzaniswa kubva kunhengo dzeENT kana kubva pameso chinova nemakore, chinoshanduka chero kana girini. Kazhinji, kubuda kunofanira kunge kwakajeka;

• Kutanga kune kuvandudzwa, uye ipapo tembiricha inokwira zvakare. Kusvetuka kwechipiri mukushisa kwemuviri hakufaniri kuregererwa;

• Kana mabhakitiriya akarwisa urinary system, ipapo urini inova nemakore, sediment inogona kuwanikwa mairi;

• Kana chirwere chebhakitiriya chakanganisa matumbo, ipapo mucus kana pus inenge iripo muchigaro. Dzimwe nguva kunyange kusvibiswa kweropa kunowanikwa, zvichienderana nekuoma kwehutachiona.

Kana ari acute kufema hutachiona hwehutachiona, kuwedzera kwebhakitiriya flora kunogona kufungidzirwa nezviratidzo zvinotevera:

• Kutarisana nemamiriro ekutonhora kwakamboonekwa, pane kuwedzera kwekushisa kwemuviri, kwakatanga kuderera pazuva re3-4, asi ndokusvetuka zvakare kusvika kumazinga akakwirira. Kazhinji kazhinji izvi zvinoitika pazuva rechi 5-6 rechirwere, uye hutano huzhinji hunoderera zvakare. Chikosoro chinova chakasimba, kupfupika kwekufema kunoitika, kurwadziwa muchipfuva kunoonekwa. Kazhinji, chirwere ichi chinoratidza kukura kwepneumonia. Onawo: zviratidzo zvepneumonia;

• Diphtheria uye tonsillitis zvakare matambudziko akajairika eSARS. Iwe unogona kufungidzira kutanga kwavo nehuro, iyo inoitika kumusana wekuwedzera kwekushisa kwemuviri, chidimbu cheplaque mafomu pamatoni. Dzimwe nguva kune kuchinja kwe lymph nodes - inowedzera muhukuru uye inova inorwadza;

• Kubuda munzeve uye kuonekwa kwekutambudzika kunowedzera apo tragus inomanikidzwa zviratidzo zve otitis media, iyo inowanzokura muvana vaduku;

• Kana kurwadziwa kunowanikwa munzvimbo yehuma, munzvimbo yechiso, inzwi rinova nasal uye rhinitis inoonekwa, ipapo sinusitis kana sinusitis inofanira kubviswa. Chiratidzo chakadaro sekuwedzera kwemarwadzo kana musoro wakarerekera mberi uye kurasikirwa kwekunhuhwirira kunogona kusimbisa kufungira.

Kana kukanganiswa kwebhakitiriya kuchifungidzirwa, zvinokwanisika nekuda kwezviratidzo zvechirwere uye kuora kwehutano, saka nyanzvi chete inogona kusarudza imwe antibacterial agent.

Izvi zvinokonzerwa nezvinhu zvakawanda, kusanganisira:

• Localization yekuzvimba;

• Zera remurwere;

• Nhoroondo yezvokurapa;

• Kusashivirira kwega kune imwe mushonga;

• Kupokana kwepathogen kune antibacterial drugs.

Kana mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya isina kuratidzwa kune inotonhora kana isina kuoma SARS?

• Rhinitis ine purulent-mucous discharge, iyo inotora pasi pemavhiki maviri;

• Viral conjunctivitis;

• Tonsillitis yevhavha yakabva;

• Rhinopharyngitis;

• Tracheitis uye nyoro bronchitis pasina kupisa kwemuviri;

• Kubudirira kwechirwere cheherpetic;

• Kuzvimba kwegomarara.

Ndepapi pazvinogoneka kushandisa maantibioti kune asina kuomesesa acute kufema kutapukira?

• Kana pane kukanganisa mukushanda kwekudzivirira kwekudzivirira, sezvinoratidzwa nezviratidzo zvakananga. Aya ndiwo mamiriro akadai seHIV, kenza, nguva dzose yakakwira tembiricha yemuviri (subfebrile tembiricha), hutachiona hwehutachiona hunoitika kanopfuura kashanu pagore, kusagadzikana kwekuzvarwa mune immune system.

• Zvirwere zvehematopoietic system: aplastic anemia, agranulocytosis.

• Kana isu tichitaura nezvemwana kusvika kumwedzi mitanhatu, ipapo achakurudzirwa kutora mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya kumusana werickets, asina kukwana uremu hwemuviri uye nekukanganisa kwakasiyana-siyana.

Zviratidzo zvekugadzwa kwemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya

Zviratidzo zvekugadzwa kwemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya ndezvi:

• Angina, iyo bhakitiriya hunhu hwave hwakasimbiswa nekuongororwa kwerabhoritari. Kazhinji, kurapwa kunoitwa nekushandiswa kwemishonga kubva kuboka re macrolides kana penicillin. Onawo: antibiotics ye angina kune munhu mukuru;

• Bronchitis munharaunda yakaoma, laryngotracheitis, kudzoka kwechirwere chisingaperi chebronchitis, bronchiectasis inoda kutora mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya kubva kuboka re macrolide, somuenzaniso, Macropen. Kubvisa pneumonia, x-ray yechipfuva inodikanwa kusimbisa pneumonia;

• Kutora mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya, kushanyira chiremba uye hematologist inoda chirwere chakadai sepurulent lymphadenitis;

• Kubvunzurudza kweotolaryngologist maererano nesarudzo yemishonga kubva kuboka re cephalosporins kana macrolides ichave yakakosha kune varwere vane chirwere chinonzi otitis media mune acute stage. Chiremba weENT anobatawo zvirwere zvakadai se sinusitis, ethmoiditis, sinusitis, izvo zvinoda kugadzwa kwemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya yakakwana. Zvinokwanisika kusimbisa kukanganisa kwakadaro ne X-ray kuongorora;

• Kurapa nepenicillins kunoratidzwa nemabayo. Panguva imwecheteyo, kudzora kwakasimba kwekurapa uye kusimbiswa kwekuongororwa nekubatsirwa kwechifananidzo cheX-ray kunosungirwa.

Kunyanya kuratidza maererano nekusakwana kwemishonga yemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya ndeye chidzidzo chakaitwa mune imwe yemakiriniki evana. Nokudaro, kuongororwa kwezvinyorwa zvezvokurapa zvevana 420 vezera repuraimari zvakaratidza kuti 89% yavo vaiva neARVI kana zvirwere zvekufema zvakanyanya, 16% vaiva nebronchitis yakaoma, 3% otitis media, 1% pneumonia nezvimwe zvirwere. Panguva imwecheteyo, mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya yakarongerwa mu80% yezviitiko zvehutachiona hwehutachiona, uye nebronchitis uye pneumonia mu100% yematambudziko.

Vanachiremba vevana vakawanikwa vachiziva kuti hutachiona hwehutachiona hahugone kurapwa nemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya, asi vachiri kupa mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya nekuda kwezvikonzero zvakaita se:

• Installation guide;

• Vana vari pasi pemakore gumi;

• Kudiwa kwekudzivirira matambudziko;

• Kushaya chido chekushanyira vana kumba.

Panguva imwecheteyo, mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya inokurudzirwa kutorwa kwemazuva mashanu uye mune zviduku zvishoma, uye izvi zvine ngozi maererano nekugadzirwa kwebhakitiriya. Mukuwedzera, hapana mhedzisiro yebvunzo, saka hazvizivikanwe kuti ndeipi pathogen yakakonzera chirwere.

Zvichakadaro, mu90% yezviitiko, mavhairasi aive akonzeresa malaise. Kana ari zvirwere zvebhakitiriya, vaiwanzotsamwiswa nepneumococci (40%), Haemophilus influenzae (15%), staphylococci uye mycotic organisms (10%). Zvipembenene zvakadai se mycoplasmas uye chlamydia hazvaiwanzokonzera kukura kwechirwere.

Iwe unogona kutora chero mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya chete mushure mekubvunzurudzwa kwechiremba. Chiremba chete ndiye anogona kunyatsoona kukodzera kwekugadzwa kwavo mushure mekuunganidza anamnesis, achifunga nezvezera remurwere uye kuoma kweiyo pathology.

Iwe unogona kushandisa zvinotevera antibacterial agents:

• Kugadzirira kwepenicillin series. Semi-synthetic penicillins inokurudzirwa mukushayikwa kweallergies kwavari. Inogona kugeza Amoxicillin uye Flemoxin Solutab. Kana chirwere chacho chakanyanya, saka nyanzvi dzinokurudzira kutora penicillin yakachengetedzwa, somuenzaniso, Amoxiclav, Augmentin, Flemoclav, Ecoclave. Mukugadzirira uku, amoxicillin inowedzerwa ne clavulanic acid;

• macrolide mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya inoshandiswa kurapa mabayo uye zvirwere zvekufema zvinokonzerwa nechlamydia uye mycoplasmas. Iyi ndiyo Azithromycin (Zetamax, Sumamed, Zitrolid, Hemomycin, Azitrox, Zi-factor). Nebronchitis, kugadzwa kweMacropen kunogoneka;

• Kubva cephalosporin zvinodhaka zvinokwanisika kupa Cefixime (Lupin, Suprax, Pantsef, Ixim), Cefuroxime (Zinnat, Aksetin, Zinacef), nezvimwewo;

• Kubva kune fluoroquinolone series nyora mishonga Levofloxacin (Floracid, Glevo, Hailefloks, Tavanik, Flexid) uye Moxifloxacin (Moksimak, Pleviloks, Aveloks). Vana vari muboka iri remishonga havana kumborongerwa nekuda kwekuti skeleton yavo ichiri kuumbwa. Uye zvakare, fluoroquinolones mishonga inoshandiswa mumatambudziko akanyanya, uye inomiririra chengetedzo iyo mabhakitiriya maruva emwana akura asingagoni kuramba.

Mhedziso huru

• Kushandisa mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya kune inotonhora inobva kuhutachiona hwehutachiona haisi iyo isina maturo chete, asiwo inokuvadza. Vanodiwa kurapa hutachiona hwehutachiona.

• Mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya ine runyoro rwakakura rwemhedzisiro: inogona kukanganisa kushanda kwechiropa neitsvo, inogona kutsamwisa kukura kweallergies, inoodza mwoyo maitiro ekudzivirira, uye kukanganisa yakajairika microflora mumuviri.

• Nezvinangwa zveprophylactic, kushandiswa kwemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya hakugamuchirwi. Zvakakosha kutarisa mamiriro emurwere uye kupa mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya chete kana chirwere chinorwisa mabhakitiriya chikaitika.

• Mushonga unorwisa mabhakitiriya haubatsiri kana kutonhora kwemuviri kusingadereki mushure memazuva matatu kubva pakutanga kwekutonga kwayo. Muchiitiko ichi, mudziyo unofanira kutsiviwa.

• Kana munhu achiwanzotora mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya, kukurumidza kukurumidza kwebhakitiriya kunotanga kupikisa. Zvadaro, izvi zvinoda kugadzwa kwemishonga yakakomba iyo ine mhedzisiro inokuvadza kwete chete kune pathogenic agents, asiwo pamuviri wemurwere pachake.