Zviratidzo zvejaundice

Kunze kwemhedzisiro yayo yekunakisa, shanduko yemuvara wematehwe (ganda uye mucous membranes) haina mhedzisiro yekurwara. Zvichienderana nezvinokonzeresa jaundice, zvimwe zviratidzo zvinogona kubatanidzwa, zvichigoneka kuita kuti zvikwanise kutungamira kuongororwa: kurwadziwa mudumbu, fivha, itching, kuneta, kurwadziwa kwemajoini, nezvimwe.

Bilirubin yemahara, saka haisati ya “conjugated” muchiropa, ine chepfu kuhuropi. Muvacheche, kuunganidzwa kwayo muhuwandu hwakanyanya kunogona kukuvadza uropi uye zvinoda kurapwa nekukurumidza.

Ndezvipi zvikonzero?

Kunze kwehuturu hwemahara bilirubin yeuropi (neurotoxicity), muhuwandu hwakawanda hwezviitiko, zvikonzero zvejaundice zvinotarisa kufungidzira, bhenen kana yakaoma zvichienderana nenyaya yacho. Saizvozvowo, kurapwa kunosiyana zvichienderana nekwakabva jaundice. Kuongororwa chaiko naizvozvo kwakakosha. Kuita chirwere ichi, vanachiremba vanoshandisa mutsara wekutanga kuongororwa kwekliniki, kuongorora ropa uye ultrasound yemudumbu. Dzimwe ongororo dzinogona kuzove dzakafanira: CT scan, MRI, cholangiography, endoscopy, biopsy, nezvimwe.

Sezvo jaundice chiratidzo uye kwete chirwere, hachiparadzi.

Chaizvoizvo, kune marudzi maviri akasiyana ejaundice:

• Inogona kunge iri kuwedzera kwekugadzirwa kwemahara bilirubin
• Kana kuti inogona kugadziriswa bilirubin.

Muchiitiko chekutanga, panguva yekuwedzera kwebilirubin yakasununguka, iyo yakawandisa inogona kunge yakabatana nekuwedzera kwekuparadzwa kwemasero matsvuku eropa (hemolysis) kana kusakanganiswa kwebilirubin muchiropa. Mamiriro ekutanga anowanzo kukonzeresa anemia (kudonha kwehemoglobin level) uye anogona kuratidza chirwere cheropa, kana hutachiona, chikonzero chezvinodhaka, kukuvara kweimmunological, nezvimwe.

Muchiitiko chejaundice nekuda kwekuwedzera kweiyo conjugated bilirubin, jaundice inowanzobatana nechirwere chetachiona (Gilbert's disease) chinokonzera kusakwana kuwirirana kwebilirubin. Chirwere cheGilbert's kana Gilbert's syndrome hachina kunaka muzviitiko zvakawanda.

Muchiitiko chechipiri, kana yakawandisa conjugated bilirubin, pane kuwedzera kubviswa muweti iyo inotora ruvara rwakasvibira rwakabatana nekushanduka kwezviruru. Mhando mbiri dzezvikonzero zvinogona kufungidzirwa. Chekutanga, kukuvara kwechiropa (hepatitis, cirrhosis, parasitosis, nezvimwewo) kana chipingamupinyi pabile ducts. pano  kudzivirira kubviswa kwebilirubin. Muchiitiko ichi chekupedzisira, tiri kunyanya kutsvaga kuverenga, kuvhara nzira, yebundu remunharaunda rinomanikidza bile ducts… Zvimwe zvisingawanzo konzeresa hepato-biliary zvinogona kukonzera jaundice.

Nyaya yakakosha yejaundice muvana

Mumwana achangoberekwa, pane zvikonzero zvakasiyana-siyana zvejaundice zvakanangana nenguva ino yehupenyu.

Chiropa dzimwe nguva hachina kukura zvakakwana kugadzirisa bilirubin. Zvisinei, iyo yekupedzisira inowedzera zvikuru nokuti mwana achangoberekwa anofanira "kuchinjana" fetal hemoglobin yemunhu mukuru, iyo inokonzera kuparadzwa kwemasero matsvuku eropa munguva pfupi, chiitiko chinogona kuva chikonzero chejaundice.

Jaundice mumukaka waamai inogonawo kuonekwa muvacheche vanoyamwisa.

Kusapindirana kweropa pakati pe fetus naamai vayo kunogona kukonzera kuparadzwa kwemasero matsvuku eropa uye naizvozvo kuunganidza kwakasimba kwebilirubin. Izvi ndizvo zvinoitika kana amai vaine Rh negative uye mwana wavo aine Rh positive. Amai vanobva vadzivirirwa neRhesus factor iri mufetus yavo vogadzira masoja ekudzivirira chirwere anodarika nepa placenta kuti aparadze masero matsvuku emwana. Chero bedzi mwana asati aberekwa, bilirubin inobviswa ne placenta, asi, mushure mekuberekwa, kuunganidza kwayo kunokonzera jaundice.

Kunze kwezvimwe zvikonzero zvine chekuita nezvirwere zvekuzvarwa, akakosha hematomas anogona kuitika panguva yekuzvara anogona zvakare kuburitsa yakawanda hemoglobin uye nekudaro. pakupedzisira bilirubin.

Kurapa kwejaundice

Kudzivirira jaundice hakugoneki muzviitiko zvose. Kunyanguvezvo, kungwarira kunobvumira zvimwe zvikonzero kuva ganhuriro.

Heano matanho anogona kudzivirira kutanga kwezvirwere zvinogona kukonzera jaundice: 

• Kunwa doro zvine mwero,
• Wana nhomba yekurwisa hepatitis B kana A,
• Ita bonde rakachengeteka,
• Remekedza mitemo yehutsanana munyika dziri panjodzi yekutapurirwa utachiona by Food,
• Dzivisa kutsanya kana kupera mvura mumuviri kana uine Gilbert's syndrome.

Kurapa kwejaundice ndiko kwechikonzero chayo: 

• Dzimwe nguva hapana manejimendi inodiwa: iyi ndiyo mamiriro echirwere cheGilbert's, icho chinogona kukonzera flare-ups yejaundice kazhinji isiri yakakomba, kunyanya panguva yekutsanya kana kupera simba.
• Mune mamwe mamiriro ezvinhu, kugadzirisa kwechikonzero kunotungamirira kune iyo jaundice (hepatitis, resorption yehematomas, nezvimwewo).
• Mumukaka waamai jaundice, kupisa iyo yekupedzisira kusvika 60 ° C, kana kushandura kune formula, kazhinji inogadzirisa mamiriro acho ezvinhu.
• Mu "physiological" jaundice yemwana achangoberekwa, kuonekwa kune chiedza chebhuruu kunobatsira kubviswa kwebilirubin. Dzimwe nguva chiyero ichi hachina kukwana uye, zvichipiwa njodzi yetsinga, zvakakosha kuita exsanguino-transfusion (ropa rose remucheche rinoshandurwa uye rinotsiviwa nekuwedzerwa). - Mune zvimwe zviitiko, kuvhiyiwa kunodiwa (matombo, mapundu), kana kutungamirirwa kwemishonga chaiyo (utachiona, zvirwere zveropa, kenza).