Telephora palmate (Thelephora palmata) mufananidzo uye tsananguro

Telephora palmate (Thelephora palmata)

:

• Clavaria palmata
• Ramaria palmata
• Merisma palmatum
• Phylacteria palmata
• Thelephora inopararira

Telephora palmata (Thelephora palmata) rudzi rwekoral fungus mumhuri ye telephoraceae. Miti yemichero ine dehwe uye korari-yakafanana, ine matavi akamanikana pazasi, ayo anobva awedzera senge feni uye akatsemurwa kuita mazino akawanda akatsetseka. Iwo matipi akaita seweji akacheneruka achiri mudiki, asi anosviba sezvo fungus rinokura. Mhando yakapararira asi isina kujairika, inowanikwa muAsia, Australia, Europe, North America neSouth America, fruiting pasi muconiferous uye masango akavhenganiswa. Iyo palmate telephora, kunyangwe isingatariswe sehowa isingawanzo, zvakadaro, inobata ziso revanotora howa kazhinji: inozvivanza zvakanaka pasi penzvimbo yakapoteredza.

Mhuka iyi yakatanga kutsanangurwa muna 1772 neItaly naturalist Giovanni Antonio Scopoli saClavaria palmata. Elias Fries akaiendesa kurudzi rweThelephora muna 1821. Rudzi urwu rune zvirevo zvakati wandei zvakatorwa kubva kune akati wandei anowanzo kuchinjirwa munhoroondo yetaxonomic, kusanganisira Ramaria, Merisma nePhylacteria.

Mamwe anoreva zvakafanana enhoroondo: Merisma foetidum uye Clavaria schaefferi. Mycologist Christian Hendrik Persoon akaburitsa tsananguro yeimwe mhuka muna 1822 ine zita rekuti Thelephora palmata, asi sezvo zita racho ratove kushandiswa, ihomonym isiri yepamutemo, uye mhando inotsanangurwa naPersoon yava kuzivikanwa seThelephora anthocephala.

Kunyangwe kutaridzika kwayo semakorari, Thelephora palmata ihama yepedyo yeTerrestrial Telephora uye Clove Telephora. Iyo chaiyo epithet palmata "minwe" inobva muchiLatin uye zvinoreva "kuva nechimiro cheruoko". Mazita akajairika (chiRungu) efungus anosanganiswa nekunhuhwirira kwaro, kwakafanana nekunhuwa kwegoriki yakaora. Saka, semuenzaniso, fungus inonzi "stinking earthfan" - "stinky fan" kana "fetid false coral" - "inonhuwa fake coral". Samuel Frederick Gray, mubhuku rake re1821 The Natural Arrangement yeBritish Plants, akadana fungus iyi "inonhuwa yebazi-nzeve".

Mordechai Cubitt Cook, nyanzvi yeBotanist yeChirungu uye mycologist, akati muna 1888: Telephora digitata ingangove imwe yehowa dzakanyanya fetid. Mumwe musayendisiti akambotora mienzaniso mishomanana kukamuri rake rokurara muAboyne, uye pashure pemaawa akati kuti akatyiswa kuona kuti kunhuwa kwakanga kwakaipa zvikuru kupfuura mukamuri ripi neripi romuviri. Akaedza kuchengetedza masamples, asi kunhuwa kwacho kwainge kwakasimba zvekuti kwaisatombotsungirika kusvika aaputira muzvikamu gumi nezviviri zvebepa rakakora kwazvo.

Mamwe manyuko anocherekedzawo kunhuwa kusingafadzi kwehowa uhwu, asi anoratidza kuti kutaura zvazviri kunhuwa hakuurayi sezvakapendwa naCook.

Ecology:

Inogadzira mycorrhiza ine conifers. Mitumbi yemichero inokura imwe, yakapararira kana mumapoka pasi mumasango econiferous uye akasanganiswa uye minda ine uswa. Inofarira ivhu rakanyorova, kazhinji inokura mumigwagwa yemusango. Inogadzira miviri inobereka michero kubva pakati pezhizha kusvika pakati pematsutso.

Muviri wechibereko Telephora palmatus is a coral-like bundle iyo matavi kakawanda kubva pakati pehunde, inosvika pakukura kwe 3,5-6,5 (maererano nemamwe matsime kusvika 8) cm kureba uye zvakare muhupamhi. Matavi acho akati sandara, ane vertical grooves, anopera ne spoon-shaped kana fan-shaped ends, anoita seakaiswa incised. Kupenya kwakareruka kazhinji kazhinji kunoonekwa. Matavi anotanga kuchena, kuchena, kupingiki, asi zvishoma nezvishoma anoshanduka kuita grey kuita shava pakukura. Mazano emapazi, zvisinei, anoramba ari machena kana kuti akarebera zvakanyanya kupfuura epasi. Nzvimbo dzepasi dzine pinkish-brownish, pazasi dzakasvibira, brown-brown.

Gumbo (hwaro hwakajairika, kubva kune matavi anowedzera) anenge 2 cm kureba, 0,5 cm yakafara, isina kuenzana, kazhinji warty.

Pulp: yakaoma, yedehwe, ine fibrous, brown.

Hymenium (yakaorera, spore-inobereka matishu): amphigenic, ndiko kuti, inoitika pamativi ese emuviri unobereka michero.

Futa: pane zvisingafadzi, zvinoyeuchidza fetid garlic, inotsanangurwawo se "mvura yekare yekabheji" - "kabheji yakaora" kana "chizi chakanyanyisa" - "chizi chakanyanya". Telephora digitata yakanzi "mumiriri weiyo fungus inonhuwa kwazvo musango." Kunhuwa kusingafadzi kunowedzera mushure mekuoma.

Spore powder: kubva kubrown kusvika kune brown

Pasi pemaikorosikopu: Spores inoratidzika yepepuru, angular, yakakomberedzwa, yarty, ine mizongoza midiki 0,5-1,5 µm kureba. Izvo zviyero zve elliptical spores ndeye 8-12 * 7-9 microns. Vane rimwe kana maviri madonhwe emafuta. Basidia (spore-bearing cells) ane 70-100*9-12 µm uye ane sterigmata 2-4 µm gobvu, 7-12 µm kureba.

Inedible. Iko hakuna data nezve toxicity.

Thelephora anthocephala yakafanana nechitarisiko, asi yakasiyana mumapazi anokwira kumusoro uye ane mazano akatsetseka (panzvimbo pezvipunu-sezvipunu), uye kushaya kwekunhuhwirira kwefetid.

Mhando yeNorth America Thelephora vialis ine spores diki uye ruvara rwakasiyana.

Mhando dzakasvibirira dzeramaria dzinoratidzwa ne-low-fat texture ye pulp uye magumo akapinza ematavi.

Iyi mhuka inowanikwa muAsia (kusanganisira China, Iran, Japan, Siberia, Turkey, neVietnam), Europe, North uye South America, kusanganisira Brazil neColombia. Yakanyoreswa zvakare muAustralia neFiji.

Miviri inobereka michero inopedzwa nespringtail, Ceratophysella denisana marudzi.

Iyo howa ine pigment - leforfic acid.

Michero yemichero yeTelephora digitata inogona kushandiswa kusvibisa. Zvichienderana ne mordant inoshandiswa, mavara anogona kubva kubva kune dema dema kusvika kune rima greyish girini kusvika girinhi brown. Pasina mordant, ruvara rutsvuku runowanikwa.

Mufananidzo: Alexander, Vladimir.