Bhonzo rehyoid, (kubva kuGreek huoeidês, zvinoreva Y-yakaita Y) ibhonzo riri mumutsipa uye rinonyanya kubatanidzwa mukumedza.

yakasarudzika. Kana iyo hyoid bone inowanzotsanangurwa nemapfupa ehehenya, ibhonzo rakasiyana uye rakasiyana nokuti haritauri nemamwe (1) (2).

nzvimbo. Iyo hyoid bone iri kumberi kwemutsipa, pasi pemandible.

mamiriro. Iyo hyoid bone ine chimiro chebhiza, yakatenderedzwa kumberi, inoumbwa nezvikamu zvakati wandei:

• yemuviri, inoumba chikamu chepakati;
• nyanga mbiri huru, dziri kumativi ose emuviri uye dzichiwedzera dorally;
• yenyanga mbiri diki, dziri pakati pemuviri nenyanga huru dzichienda kumusoro.

Izvi zvikamu zvinoshanda senhare yekunamatira rurimi, pamwe nenzvimbo dzekunamatira dzemhasuru dzemutsipa uye kunyanya dze pharynx.

kugadzira. Iyo hyoid bone inosungirirwa kune thyroid cartilage yelarynx uye kune styloid maitiro emapfupa enguva nenyanga duku kuburikidza ne stylohyoid ligaments.

Kumedza. Iyo hyoid bone inobvumira kufamba kwemitsipa yemutsipa, kusimudza kana kuderedza larynx panguva yekumedza (2).

passwords. Iyo hyoid bone inobvumira kufamba kwemitsipa yemutsipa, kusimudza kana kuderedza larynx pakutaura (2).

Kupisa. Iyo hyoid bone inobvumira kufamba kwemitsipa yemutsipa, kusimudza kana kuderedza larynx panguva yekufema.

Thyroglossal cyst. Iyi pathology ndeimwe yeanowanzo kuzvarwa anomalies yemutsipa (3). Iyo cyst ye thyroglossal tract inoenderana nekuwedzera kwehuwandu hwehutu, pamwero wenharaunda yehyoid bone. Mhando iyi ye cyst inogona kusanganiswa nekuzvimba kwenzvimbo. Iyo cyst inogona zvakare kukura uye kuwedzera muhukuru uye dzimwe nguva inoshanduka kuve yakashata.

Traumatic pathology. Traumatic pathologies yehyoid bone yakaoma uye inogona kuitika chete kuburikidza nekuita kwekuzvidira. Hyoid bone fractures inowanzoonekwa mumatambudziko ekudzipwa (3).

Zvirwere zvepfupa. Mamwe mapfupa pathologies anogona kukanganisa hyoid bone.

Bone tumors. Kashoma, mapundu emapfupa anogona kukura muhyoid bone (3).

Kurapwa. Zvichienderana nechirwere chechirwere, mamwe madhiragi anogona kunyorerwa senge painkillers.

Kuvhiya kurapa. Zvichienderana nechirwere chetachiona, kuvhiyiwa kunogona kuitwa. Muchiitiko che cyst ye thyroglossal tract, chikamu chehyoid bone chinogona kubviswa.

Chemotherapy, radiotherapy kana yakanangwa kurapwa. Zvichienderana nerudzi uye nhanho yebundu, aya marapirwo anogona kushandiswa kuparadza cancer maseru.

Kuongorora kwepanyama. Kutanga, kuongororwa kwekliniki kunoitwa kuti uone uye kuongorora zviratidzo zvinoonekwa nemurwere.

Kufungidzira bvunzo. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, kumwe kuongorora kunogona kuitwa senge ultrasound, cerebral CT scan kana cerebral MRI.

Forensic mushonga. Iyo hyoid bone inobata basa rakakosha mumunda we forensic mushonga. Inonyanya kudzidzwa kuti ione nyaya yekudzipa (4).