Iyo incisor (yakabva paizwi rekuti incision, rinobva kuLatin The incision, incise) imhando yezino, riri pamuromo wemukanwa uye rinoshandiswa kucheka chikafu.

Iyo dentition yemunhu ine masere incisors akagoverwa sezvinotevera:

• Maviri epamusoro epakati incisors
• Maviri epamusoro lateral incisors
• Maviri epakati epakati incisors
• Maviri ezasi lateral incisors

Iwo anoumba mazino arches ari pamberi pemaxilla uye mandible, anoenderana zvakateerana nepamusoro uye pasi shaya.

Iwo incisors ari mazino ekutanga anooneka uye vane basa rinokosha mune mazino aesthetics. Ndivo vari pamberi pekurwadziwa kwemuviri kwehuduku.

Izwi rekuti "meno anofara" rinoshandiswa kuratidza chinhambwe chiri pakati peaviri epamusoro epakati incisors. Chinhambwe ichi chinotonzi "diastema".

Iyo yepakati uye yakaderera lateral incisors inowanzove yakafanana.

Inowanikwa mumuromo wemuromo uye pakona yemazino arch, pane 4 canines, yakagoverwa sezvinotevera:

• maviri epamusoro canines, ari kune rumwe rutivi rwepamusoro incisors
• maviri ezasi canines, ari kune rumwe rutivi rwezasi incisors.

Canine mazino akapinza ane mipendero miviri yakapinza. Kutenda kune izvi uye chimiro chadzo chakanongedza, canines dzinoshandiswa kucheka chikafu chakasimba senyama. Iro zino rakasiyana nemamwe mazino kubva pakutanga kwemutsara wemammalian.

Mhuka dzese dzine mhuka dzakasimba dzakasimba, asi tateguru akajairwa kumhuri dzese dzazvino dzemhuka, Miacis, mhuka diki yekare yemakore 60 miriyoni, yaive nemazino makumi mana nemana uye imbwa dzisina kunyatsokura.

Mazino aya dzimwe nguva anodaidzwa kunzi "mazino eziso" nekuti midzi yawo yakareba kwazvo inosvika kunharaunda yeziso. Ichi ndicho chikonzero nei hutachiona hwepamusoro canines dzimwe nguva hunogona kuendeswa kune orbital region.

Iyo premolar (molar, kubva muchiLatin molaris, yakabva ku guyo, meaning grinding wheel) imhando yezino rinonyanya kushandiswa pakukuya chikafu.

Iwo ma premolars akaiswa pakati pe canines, iri kumberi kwemazino arch, uye molars, iri kumashure. Dentition yemunhu ine masere echigarire premolars akagoverwa sezvinotevera:

• mana epamusoro premolars, maviri ayo ari pane imwe neimwe yepamusoro hafu yeshaya.
• mana ezasi premolars, maviri ayo ari pane imwe neimwe yakaderera shaya.

Iwo ma premolars mazino ekutaridzika zvishoma cubic, achigadzira korona kazhinji ine maviri akatenderedzwa machubhu.

Iyo molar (kubva muchiLatin molaris, yakabva ku guyo, meaning grinding wheel) imhando yezino rinonyanya kushandiswa pakukuya chikafu.

Inowanikwa mumuromo mhango, iyo molars inoumba mazino ekumashure akawanda mumeno arch. Dentition yemunhu ine 12 isingaperi molars yakagovaniswa sezvizvi:

• nhanhatu dzepamusoro molars, nhatu dzayo dziri pane imwe neimwe yekumusoro hafu-shaya uye inotevera epamusoro premolars.
• nhanhatu dzepasi molars, nhatu dzayo dziri pane imwe neimwe yezasi shaya yeshaya uye dzinotevera ezasi premolars.

Yechitatu molars, anonzi mazino ouchenjeri, anowanzokonzera matambudziko nemarwadzo. Kunyanya, vanogona kukonzera hutachiona kana kutama kwemazino.

Heino physiological kuputika purogiramu yemazino asingagumi

Akaderera mazino

- Yokutanga molars: 6 kusvika 7 makore

- Central incisors: 6 kusvika 7 makore

-Lateral incisors: 7 kusvika 8 makore

- Canines: 9 kusvika kumakore gumi.

- Yekutanga premolars: 10 kusvika 12 makore.

- Yechipiri premolars: 11 kusvika kumakore gumi nemaviri.

- Chechipiri molars: 11 kusvika kumakore gumi nematatu.

- Yechitatu molars (mazino euchenjeri): 17 kusvika 23 makore.

Mazino ekumusoro

- Yokutanga molars: 6 kusvika 7 makore

- Central incisors: 7 kusvika 8 makore

-Lateral incisors: 8 kusvika 9 makore

- Yekutanga premolars: 10 kusvika 12 makore.

- Yechipiri premolars: 10 kusvika kumakore gumi nemaviri.

- Canines: 11 kusvika kumakore gumi.

- Chechipiri molars: 12 kusvika kumakore gumi nematatu.

- Yechitatu molars (mazino euchenjeri): 17 kusvika 23 makore.