Kubata pamuviri kunoperekedzwa nehuremu hunosiyana pakati pevakadzi, asi avhareji ye9 ne12 kg kumukadzi ane BMI yakajairika (pakati pe19 ne24). Kuwedzera uremu uku kunoenderana nehuremu hwemucheche, maappendages ayo (placenta, amniotic cavity), matushu ane huwandu hunowedzera panguva yekuzvitakura (chibereko, mazamu), mvura yemuviri uye mafuta anochengeterwa.

Panyaya yehuwandu hwehuwandu hwemuviri uye chimiro, izvi zvakanyanya kuwedzera huremu mudumbu zvinokonzeresa shanduko yepakati pegiravhiti mberi. Panguva imwecheteyo, mahormone ekuzvitakura (relaxin, estrogen, progesterone) anokonzera kuzorora kwe ligament kuve nemhedzisiro pane yese musculoskeletal system uye inogona kukonzera marwadzo akasiyana munharaunda yelumbar uye pubic symphysis kunyanya.

Pamusoro pekupisa, pasi pekuita kwekuvhara kweprogesterone, kune kuwedzera kunoonekwa kwekushisa kwemuviri (> kana = aÌ € 37 ° C) panguva yekutanga yetatu yekuzvitakura.

Kana iri immune system, kubata pamuviri kunoda mamiriro ekudzivirira muviri kuti usaramba chibereko chinopinzwa kune "mutorwa muviri" nemuviri waamai. Saka vakadzi vane pamuviri vanobatwa nezvirwere zvakanyanya.

Basal metabolism inowedzera neavhareji ye20% kuitira kuti ive nechokwadi chekuwedzera kushanda kwemoyo nemapapu uye kupa simba rinodiwa kumwana ari mudumbu nezvaakabatanidzwa. Mukati mematrimesters maviri ekutanga epamuviri, amai vane pamuviri vanounganidza zvakachengetwa, kunyanya lipid, iyo inounganidzwa muyechitatu trimester kuitira kuti mwana akure nekukurumidza. Zvinodiwa zvesimba zvinowedzerwa nekutenderedza 300 kcal mune yechipiri trimester uye 400 kcal mune yechitatu trimester.

Kuti tive nechokwadi chekuwaniswa kweglucose kwakadzikama (tsime guru resimba remwana asati azvarwa), nzira dzakasiyana dzinoiswa: glycemia (glucose level) inoderera, insulin secretion (hormone inoburitswa nerwatata uye ine basa rekudzora shuga yeropa) inowedzera. , sezvinoita insulin kuramba.

Panguva yekuzvitakura, muviri unowanzo "kupfuura-kudya".

Kubuda kwemoyo kunowedzera kubva pachikamu chekutanga chetatu ne20%, uye nechikamu che40% pakupera kwemwedzi wechitanhatu wemimba. Izvi zvinoguma nekuwedzera kwemoyo we10 kusvika ku15 beats / miniti.

Mune yekutanga uye yechipiri trimesters, kuderera kweropa kunoderera nekuda kwechiitiko chevasodilation nekuda kwekuita pamuviri mahomoni. Kwemavhiki, chibereko chinomanikidza midziyo mikuru zvakanyanya uye zvakanyanya kunyanya inferior vena cava. Iko kunotevera kuderera kwekudzoka kwevenous, uye naizvozvo hypotension.

Padanho rekufema, zvinodiwa zveoxygen zvinowedzerwa ne20 kusvika 30% kuzadzisa zvinodiwa nefetus nebeche. Muna amai vachange vari, izvi zvinokonzera hyperventilation: kufema kwake uye kufema kwehuwandu (huwandu hwemhepo inofemerwa nekubuditswa nekufamba kwega kwekufema) kuwedzera. Kunzwa kupfupika kwekufema saka kunowanzoitika.

Kubva pakutanga kwepamuviri, kune hypervolemia, kureva kuwedzera kwehuwandu hweropa. Vhoriyamu yeplasma inowedzera zvishoma nezvishoma kubva ku5 kusvika ku9 mavhiki eamenorrhea kusvika mavhiki makumi matatu nemaviri isati yadzikama. Muchikamu chechitatu chetatu, huwandu hweropa hunokwira kubva pa32 kusvika ku30% kupfuura pamuviri wekunze. Iyi hypervolemia inoita kuti zvikwanisike kubhadhara kuwedzera kwekubuda kwemwoyo, kuvhara zvimwe zvinodikanwa zveokisijeni uye kuderedza migumisiro yezvinobvira kubuda ropa panguva yekusununguka.

Huwandu hwemasero matsvuku eropa hunowedzerawo asi zvishoma pane hwehuwandu hweplasma, saka tinoona kuderera kwehuwandu hwehemoglobin hunokonzera iyo inonzi physiological anemia yekuzvitakura.

Tichitarisa kubereka uye kusununguka, mamiriro maviri ane ngozi yakawanda yekubuda ropa, zvinhu zvakawanda zvekugadzirisa zvinowedzera zvishoma nezvishoma panguva yekuzvitakura.

Panguva yekuzvitakura, ukuru uye uremu hweitsvo hunowedzera. Kushanda kwavo zvechokwadi kunowedzerwa kuitira kubhadhara kuwedzera kwekuyerera kweropa. Huwandu hweropa rinosefa neitsvo dzemukadzi ane pamuviri hunowedzerwa ne25 kusvika 30%. Mukati mevhiki yemakumi maviri yekuzvitakura, kuita kwekuzorodza kweprogesterone kunoita kuti itsvo uye ureter dzireruke, zvichisimudzira weti stasis, iyo inowedzera njodzi yekutapukirwa kweurinary tract. Panguva imwecheteyo, chibereko chinomanikidza dundira zvakanyanya uye zvakanyanya, zvichikonzera kuderera kwehukuru hwayo uye somugumisiro kugara uchikurudzira kuita weti (pollakiuria).

Basa remudumbu rinononoka nekuda kwekuderera kwe40% mugastric secretion, kufamba uye gastric tone. Inosanganiswa nekuderera kweinzwi re cardia (valve muscle inovimbisa kuvharwa kwepamusoro orifice yemudumbu) pasi pekuita kwehomoni, kuwedzera kwekubvisa nguva kunokurudzira gastric reflux (pyrosis) muvakadzi vane pamuviri.

Nguva yekufambisa inowedzerwawo muura. Mumubvunzo, iyo yekuzorodza mhedzisiro yeprogesterone iyo inokonzera kushoma contraction yeakatsetseka tsandanyama dzematumbo. Iyo intestinal peristalsis (kufamba kwemisungo inobvumira bolus yezvokudya kuti iende mberi mumatumbo) naizvozvo hainyanyi kushanda, iyo inokurudzira kuvimbiswa.

Hormonal impregnation pamwe chete nemetabolic, immunological uye circulatory shanduko inogona kutungamira kune akasiyana ganda kuratidzwa muna amai-ku-va:

• hyperpigmentation, kunyanya muvakadzi vane rima phototype. Inonyanya kukanganisa nzvimbo dzine pigmented: mammary areola, nito-anal region, peri-umbilical region uye abdominal midline (kana linea nigra). Pachiso, iyi hyperpigmentation inogona kuratidzwa nemasikisi ekuzvitakura (chloasma);
• new moles;
• stellate angiomas (diki tsvuku tsvuku kana purplish ganda maronda muchimiro nyeredzi);
• palmar erythema (tsvuku, maoko anopisa);
• hyperpilosity;
• kudikitira kwakanyanya nekuda kwekuwedzera kwekushisa kwemuviri, izvo zvinozoitika semugumisiro wekuwedzera kweropa;
• mburwa nekuda kwekuwanda kwesebaceous glands;
• kutambanudza mamaki nekuda kwemechanic distension nekuda kwehuremu uye kuchinjwa kwecollagen fibers pasi pekuita kwemahomoni ekuzvitakura.