Vepamusoro gumi vane mukurumbira uye vakanaka vachiri kurarama munyika

Iyi nzira yehunyanzvi yakasarudzika muzana ramakore rechiXNUMX muHolland. Chokwadika, vagadziri vakapenda zvinhu zvisina upenyu kare, asi kazhinji kazhinji zvaiva rutivi rwechinyorwa chacho.

MuRussia, iyo ichiri mhando yehupenyu yakazivikanwa gare gare (muzana ramakore rechiXNUMX). Kwenguva yakareba yaionekwa seyakaderera, ichionekwa sechigadzirwa chekudzidzisa. Zvisinei, kunyange ikozvino, kune vanhu vazhinji, hupenyu huripo husina maturo, husina maturo uye husingafadzi.

Vanyori vanoratidza michero, makenduru, maruva, zvokudya nezvimwe zvinhu, asi mifananidzo iyi haina musoro here? Pane kudaro, yakavanzwa zvakadzika zvekuti havasi vese vanogadzira art vanozokwanisa kuiwana. Paunenge uchigadzira hupenyu huchiri, zviratidzo nemifananidzo zvinoshandiswa, chimwe nechimwe chazvo chinoratidzwa nemamiriro ezvinhu akasiyana-siyana ehupenyu uye zviitiko, manzwiro uye manzwiro.

Anopfuura mazana mana emakore, nhamba huru yemifananidzo yemhando iyi yakagadzirwa, asi pakati pavo iyo inonyanya kuzivikanwa hupenyu huripo inogona kusiyaniswa.

10 "Lilac", Pyotr Konchalovsky

mufananidzo "lilac" iri muLatvian Art Museum (Riga). Yakagadzirwa muna 1951. Iyi haisi iyo chete mufananidzo wemaruva akanaka eshrub. Pyotr Konchalovsky aive fan wechirimwa, akatonzi "lilac singer". Muhupenyu hwake hwese, akapenda anopfuura makumi mana akanaka achiri hupenyu ane dingindira rakafanana.

Mune iyi vhezheni, matavi e lilac ari muchirongo chakajairwa patafura ine tsvina uye yakaoma. Kusiyanisa. Basa racho rakagadzirwa pakutanga kweStalinist repressions. Konchalovsky akanzwisisa kuti kusaruramisira kwaitonga munyika. Asi maruva akatumbuka, uye zvinoratidzika kuti canvas ine kunhuhwirira kwayo - chitubu uye tariro yezvakanakisisa. Against all odds.

9. "Finnish Bouquet", Boris Kustodiev

Ruva richiri hupenyu hwa1917, rakachengetwa muState Museum yeguta reArkhangelsk. Boris Kustodiev aive ane tarenda remifananidzo, uye "Finnish bouquet" ndeyenguva yeVyborg. Panguva iyi, muimbi akanga ari kugadziriswa mushure mekuvhiyiwa. Mufananidzo wacho wakapendwa mune imwe sanatorium. Inoratidza zvinomera zvakajairika: chamomile, rukato, fern. Iyo dhizaini iri nyore uye haina kuoma, inofadza ziso. Paunoona mufananidzo, unonzwisisa kuti mufaro wakajairika. Runako rwava pedyo, uye nokuda kwomufaro wechokwadi unoda zvishomanene zvikuru.

8. Curtain, Jug uye Fruit Bowl naPaul Cezanne

"Curtain, jug uye mbiya yemichero" - imwe yemifananidzo yakakurumbira uye yakanaka mumhando yehupenyu huchiripo. Yakagadzirwa mukupera kwe90s yezana ramakore reXIX. Muna 1999, yakatengeswa paauction nemutengo werekodhi wemadhora 60 miriyoni.

Chokwadi, haugone kungopfuura nemufananidzo uyu. Inokwezva zvinoonekwa nezvikamu zvayo zvisina kuenzana. Mavara anosiyana: kutonhora kwejagi uye kudziya kwechibereko. Kutenda nekusajeka kwemavara shanduko, Cezanne yakakwanisa kuburitsa zvinhu zvine mativi matatu, matatu-dimensional.

7. "Ndichiri Upenyu", Kazimir Malevich

Mufananidzo wacho wakasikwa muna 1910. Iri muState Russian Museum. Malevich akazvinyora panguva yekutsvaga kwekugadzira. Akanzwa somuchinji, airwisana nokuona zvinhu sezvazviri, uye airangarira dzidziso dzekare sechiitiko chakanga chisingachashandi. zvizhinji zvake "Huchiri hupenyu" zvinoita sezvisina kujairika: sekunge uku kudhirowa kusingagoneki kwemwana, uye kwete nyanzvi ine ruzivo.

Pakati pebasa pane vase chena ine michero, mamwe acho ari patafura. Mufananidzo wacho wakasiyana. Zvikamu zvaro ndezvemhando dzakasiyana. Nebasa iri rakanaka, Malevich aida kuratidza kuti chokwadi chechipiri (maererano nemufananidzo wemufananidzo). Kunyangwe pano munhu anogona kuona chinhu chakasiyana chiri mumabasa mazhinji naKazimir Severinovich - kushandiswa kwemavara akajeka, ayo ave chiratidzo chesimba risingadzoreki remugadziri.

6. "Ndichiri Hupenyu neDehenya uye Feather" naPieter Claesz

"Ndichiri Upenyu Nedehenya uye Munhenga" inogona kuonekwa paMetropolitan Museum of Art (New York). Yakagadzirwa muna 1628. Ndeyorudzi rwevanitas (huchiri hupenyu hwakatsaurirwa kurufu).

Mufananidzo wacho wakanaka, asi unotyisa. Dehenya, girazi rakapidiguka, mwenje wemafuta unopera - izvi zvese zviratidzo zvekupfuura kwehupenyu. Musiyano unoshamisa pakati peiyi pendi uye mamwe akawanda akaitwa murudzi rwakafanana ndiyo inoganhurwa palette. Claes inoshandisa mavara akati wandei uye mimvuri yavo, iyo inosimbisa kukomba uye kusviba kwekuumbwa. Wese anofunga nezvemufananidzo anonzwisisa kuti hupenyu huchapera rimwe zuva, ruzivo newaini hazvina simba - hapana chinobatsira munhu kuwana nekusingaperi ...

5. "Vase yeMaruva", Pierre-Auguste Renoir

Iyo pendi inochengetwa mune yakakurumbira Cambridge Museum yeArt. Renoir specialized in portraits and genre scenes. Maruva aive kwaari kuvaraidzwa, kuzorora. Pane vhezheni iyo muimbi akagadzira mifananidzo yakadaro nechinangwa chekuwana mari, sezvavakatengesa zvakanaka.

“Vhasi rine Maruva” yakanyorwa muna 1866. Iyo yakajairika yebindu bouquet, iyo yaisanganisira zvinomera zvakajairika. Iwo mavara akajeka. Mhirizhonga yemavara inova chiyeuchidzo chekunaka uye kuwanda kwezvisikwa. Iko kusanganiswa kwemavara ndeye classic, yakarurama. Kuwirirana nerunyararo ndiwo mharidzo huru yemufananidzo uyu.

4. "Apuro nemashizha", Ilya Repin

Canvas “Maapuro nemashizha” iri muRussian Museum (St. Petersburg). Ilya Efimovich akaigadzira muna 1879. Pakutanga kuona, chifananidzo chacho chingaita sechiri nyore uye chisina kuoma: maapuro anopesana nemashure emashizha. Ndiko kungoriumba kunoitwa zvine hungwaru zvekuti pane kunzwa kwechokwadi. Mufananidzo wacho unopenya uye sekunge wakazadzwa nemhepo, zvidiki-diki zvinodhirowa. Akajeka uye anotaura.

Basa rakagadzirwa Repin pakukwirira kukurumbira kwake. Panguva iyoyo muupenyu hwake, akanga achiita zvakanaka zvose mubasa rake uye muupenyu hwake hwega. Mamiriro ezvinhu akadaro haaigona asi kukanganisa mafungiro emuimbi. Hazvishamisi kuti kana uchifunga nezve canvas, manzwiro akanaka uye manzwiro anomuka.

3. Fruit Basket naMichelangelo Caravaggio

"Fruit tswanda" Yakagadzirwa muna 1596, yakachengetwa muAmbrosian Library (Milan). Vamwe vanyori vezvakaitika kare vanotenda Michelangelo muvambi weiyo still life genre.

Mufananidzo wacho wakasikwa sezvinobvira: tswanda iri pamucheto wetafura, yakazadzwa nemichero. Zvibereko zvakadzurwa pamwe chete nemashizha, uye zviratidzo zvekutanga zvekutsvaira zvinenge zvatoonekwa. Kusavapo kwehupenyu hwekuumbwa kunosimbisa inzwi - zvishoma zvemashoko.

Nemufananidzo uyu, Caravaggio aida kuratidza kufamba kwenguva. Hutsva hwakasvibira hunotsiviwa nekuora uye kufa, kusadzivirika.

2. Shiri cherry mugirazi, Kuzma Petrov-Vodkin

Imwe yemifananidzo yakakurumbira yakaitwa neSoviet artist. Yakagadzirwa muna 1932. "Shiri cherry mugirazi" iri muState Russian Museum yeSt.

Shiri cherry bazi rakakomberedzwa nezvinhu zvakapararira zvisina tsarukano. Zvinhu hazvina kubatana kunooneka kune mumwe nemumwe, asi mufananidzo unotaridzika unowirirana. Pane vhezheni yekuti seti isingazvidzi yezvinhu inofananidzira kuomarara kwenguva yenhoroondo iyo mufananidzo wakapendwa. Petrov-Vodkin.

1. Sunflowers muYellow Vase, Van Gogh

Van Gogh achionekwa satenzi wehupenyu huchiripo. Nyanzvi yakagadzira mutsara wemifananidzo yakatsaurirwa kune sunflowers. Canvas inotifarira yakagadzirwa muna 1888. Inowanikwa muLondon National Gallery.

Mumufananidzo "Masunflower ari muvhasi reyero" rough rustic vase inoratidzwa. Idiki muhukuru, uye hapana nzvimbo yakakwana yezuva, asi kwete muvhasi chete, munzvimbo. Hapana chisina kujairika: kunaka kwechisikigo kwemavara uye kupenya kwemavara. Kuna Van Gogh, yero yakabatanidzwa netariro uye ushamwari, uye sunflower yaive kwaari chiratidzo chekutenda.

Mufananidzo uyu uri pamusoro pei? Nezve hupenyu hwakanaka uye hunotyisa. Maruva, mhuka, vanhu - zvipenyu zvose zvinopera rimwe zuva. Ndinofanira kugumbuka here pamusoro peizvi? Munhu mumwe nomumwe ane mhinduro yake kumubvunzo uyu, asi hapana chikonzero chekupedza maminitsi anokosha nemaawa pane zvinonetsa. Hapana uye hapana chinogona kumisa nguva.