Ureter (kubva muchiGiriki urêtêr) inzira iri muweti inotakura weti kubva kuitsvo kuenda kudundira.

nzvimbo. Kune maviri ureters. Ureter imwe neimwe inotanga kubva pachiuno, chikamu cheitsvo ichiunganidza weti, inodzika nenharaunda yelumbar isati yapedza rwendo rwavo nekupinda nepamadziro epostero-inferior surface yedundira (1).

mamiriro. Ureter inzira inoyera pakati pe25 ne30 cm kureba, ine dhayamita kubva pa1 kusvika ku10 mm, uye inopa nzvimbo nhatu dzematanho (2). Muscular uye elastic, madziro aro akaumbwa nemitsara mitatu (3):

• Iyo detrusor inova iyo yekunze layer inogadzirwa neyakatsetseka tsandanyama tishu
• Iyo lamina propria inova iyo yepakati layer yekubatanidza tishu inosanganisira kunyanya tsinga netsinga dzeropa.
• Iyo urothelium inova mukati memuchuru membrane inoumbwa nemasero eurothelial.

Excretion of metabolic waste. Basa rema ureter nderekubvisa tsvina yakasanganiswa muweti, ichiitakura kubva pachiuno cheitsvo ichienda kutundira isati yabviswa (2).

Urinary lithiasis. Iyi pathology inoenderana nekuumbwa kwematombo, concretions akaumbwa nemamineral salt, pamwero we ureters. Aya masvomhu anozotungamira mukuvharwa kwema ducts. Iyi pathology inogona kuratidzwa nekurwadziwa kwakanyanya kunonzi renal colic. (4)

Ureter malformations. Pane zvakawanda zvinokanganisa kukura zvinogona kukanganisa ureter. Semuenzaniso, kukanganisa mu vesico-teric reflux kunokonzerwa nekupfupika kwechikamu che ureter padanho redundira, izvo zvinogona kukonzera hutachiona (5).

Ureter cancer. Masero eureter anogona kukanganiswa nemamota asina kunaka (asina kenza) kana mamota akaipa (cancer). Iwo ekupedzisira anonyanya kubatanidzwa kune urothelial carcinoma, masero egomarara ayo anobva kuurothelium (3). Gomarara rerudzi urwu rinowanikwawo zvakanyanya kuchirwere chegomarara redundiro.

Kurapwa kwemishonga. Zvichienderana nechirwere chinowanikwa, mishonga yakasiyana inogona kurongerwa senge antibiotics kana painkillers.

Kuvhiya kurapwa. Zvichienderana nechirwere chetachiona, kuvhiyiwa kunogona kuitwa. Panyaya yegomarara reureteric, maoparesheni akasiyana anogona kuitwa zvichienderana nedanho uye kushanduka kwebundu: kubviswa kwebundu nekuvhiya endoscopic, kubviswa kwechikamu nechikamu chesection kana ablation yakazara ureter neradical nephro-ureterectomy (3).

Chemotherapy, radiotherapy. Zvichienderana nedanho rebundu, chemotherapy kana radiotherapy zvikamu zvinogona kumisikidzwa. (6)

Weti cytobacteriological kuongorora (ECBU). Muchiitiko chezvirwere zve ureteric, muedzo uyu unogona kuitwa kuti uone mabhakitiriya ari muweti uye kunzwa kwavo kune mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya. Kuongorora uku kunoitwa kunyanya muchiitiko che cystitis yakaoma.

Medical imaging bvunzo. Miedzo yekufungidzira yekurapa yakasiyana inogona kushandiswa kuongorora dundira: ultrasound, intravenous urography, retrograde cystography kana uroscanner.

Ureteroscopy.Iyi endoscopic yekuongorora inoitwa kuti iongorore madziro e ureters. Inoitwa kunyanya kurapa urinary matombo kana urinary lithics.

Urinary cytology. Muedzo uyu unogona kuona kuvepo kwemasero egomarara muweti.

Kufambidzana kubva kuEgypt yekare uye kudzidzira kusvika muzana remakore rechinomwe, uroscopy inzira yekupayona yekurapa muurology. Yakatsiviwa nhasi nemitsetse yeweti, uroscopy yaive nekutarisa kwekutarisa weti kuitira kuona kukura kweimwe pathologies (7).