Manzwi ari mumusoro ayo vanhu vane schizophrenia vanonzwa anowanzova majee, nemhaka bedzi yokuti kufungidzira chimwe chinhu chakadaro chinotyisa zvikuru kuvazhinji vedu. Nekudaro, zvakakosha kuti uedze kukunda kutya uku uye kunzwisisa kuti chii chaizvo chiri kuitika mupfungwa dzevarwere kuitira kuti utore rimwe danho rekuzvidza izvi uye zvimwe zvakawanda zvepfungwa.
Chimwe chezviratidzo zve schizophrenia (uye kwete chete) kufungidzira kwekunzwa, uye maitiro avo akawanda. Vamwe varwere vanongonzwa manzwi ega ega: kuridza muridzo, kuzevezera, kuchema. Vamwe vanotaura nezvekutaura kwakajeka uye manzwi anovataurira nemamwe mameseji - kusanganisira mirairo yemhando dzakasiyana. Zvinoitika kuti vanokurudzira murwere kune chimwe chinhu - somuenzaniso, vanorayira kuzvikuvadza ivo kana vamwe.
Uye kune zviuru zveuchapupu hwemanzwi akadaro. Heino nzira iyo muzivisi wesayenzi, nyanzvi yezvinhu zvipenyu Alexander Panchin, anorondedzera ichi chinoitika mubhuku rakakurumbira resayenzi rinonzi “Protection from the Dark Arts”: “Varwere vane schizophrenia vanowanzoona, kunzwa uye kunzwa zvinhu zvisipo. Semuenzaniso, manzwi emadzitateguru, ngirozi kana madhimoni. Naizvozvo, vamwe varwere vanodavira kuti vari kushandiswa nadhiabhorosi kana kuti masevhisi epachivande.”
Zvechokwadi, kune avo vasati vambosangana nechinhu chakadai, zvakaoma kutenda mumhando iyi yekufungidzira, asi zvidzidzo zvinoshandisa magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) zvinosimbisa kuti vanhu vazhinji vanonyatsonzwa izvo vamwe vasinganzwi. Chii chiri kuitika muuropi hwavo?
Zvinoitika kuti panguva yezviitiko zvehllucinatory muvarwere ve schizophrenic, nzvimbo dzakafanana dzehuropi dzinoshandiswa sevaya vedu vanonzwa ruzha rwechokwadi. Zvidzidzo zvakati wandei zvefMRI zvakaratidza kuwedzera activation munzvimbo yeBroca, dunhu rehuropi rinoita basa rekugadzira kutaura.
Nei chikamu cheuropi chinokonzera maonero ekutaura chichiitwa, sokunge kuti munhu anzwa chimwe chinhu chaizvoizvo?
Kudzikisira hurwere hwepfungwa inonetsa uye inokosha zvikuru mumagariro evanhu.
Maererano neimwe dzidziso, kufungidzira kwakadaro kunobatanidzwa nekushayikwa kwehutano hwehuropi - somuenzaniso, nekubatana kusina simba pakati pemberi uye yenguva lobes. “Mamwe mapoka etsinga dzouropi, idzo dzine basa rokusika nokunzwisisa kutaura, anogona kutanga kushanda achizvimirira, asingadzorwi kana kuti pesvedzero yedzimwe gadziriro dzouropi,” anonyora kudaro chiremba wepfungwa dzepaYunivhesiti yeYale Ralph Hoffman. “Zvakangofanana nechikamu chetambo dzevaimbi vakangoerekana vafunga kuridza mimhanzi yavo voga, vachifuratira vamwe vese.”
Vanhu vane hutano vasina kumbosangana nechinhu chakadai vanowanzofarira kuseka nezvekufungidzira uye manyepo. Zvichida, iyi ndiyo maitiro edu ekudzivirira: kufungidzira kuti monologue yemumwe munhu inongoerekana yaonekwa mumusoro, iyo isingagoni kuvhiringidzwa nekuedza kwekuda, inogona kuva inotyisa chaizvo.
Ndosaka kuderedzwa kwechirwere chepfungwa kuri kuomarara uye kwakakosha zvakanyanya kugarisana. Cecilly McGaugh, nyanzvi yekuongorora nyeredzi kubva kuU.SA, akapa hurukuro pamusangano weTED "Ini handisi monster", achitaura nezvehurwere hwake uye kuti munhu ane chirwere chakadaro anorarama sei.
Munyika, basa rekuita destigmatization yechirwere chepfungwa rinoitwa nenyanzvi dzakasiyana. Haibatanidzi chete vezvematongerwo enyika, vezvepfungwa uye masevhisi. Saka, Rafael D. de S. Silva, mumwe purofesa wehunyanzvi hwemakombuta paUniversity yeSouthern California, nevamwe vake vakaronga kurwisa kushorwa kwevarwere vane schizophrenia vachishandisa ... chokwadi chakawedzerwa.
Vanhu vane hutano (boka rekuedza raisanganisira vadzidzi vezvokurapa) vakakumbirwa kuti vaende kuburikidza nechikamu chechokwadi chakawedzerwa. Ivo vakaratidzwa yekuteerera nekuona simulation yekufungidzira mune schizophrenia. Pavanenge vachiongorora mibvunzo yevatori vechikamu, vatsvakurudzi vakanyora kuderedzwa kukuru kwekusava nechokwadi uye kunzwira tsitsi kukuru kune nyaya yemurwere weschizophrenic akaudzwa kwavari vasati vaona chiitiko.
Kunyangwe hunhu hweschizophrenia husina kunyatsojeka, zviri pachena kuti kushomeka kwevarwere vepfungwa ibasa rakakosha remagariro. Mushure mezvose, kana iwe usinganyari kurwara, iwe haunganyadziswi kutendeukira kune vanachiremba kuti ubatsirwe.