Chirwere cheGraves chakabatana ne hyperthyroidism, iyo inogona kuva nezvakawanda kana zvishoma zvakakosha pakushanda kwemuviri: mwoyo, kufema, muscular, nezvimwe.

Chirwere cheGraves, chinonziwo exophthalmic goiter, chinoratidzwa ne hyperthyroidism.

Hyperthyroidism pachayo inotsanangurwa nekugadzirwa kwakawanda (kupfuura izvo muviri unoda) wehomoni yethyroid, inogadzirwa nehutachiona. Iyo yekupedzisira ndeye endocrine gland, inogadzira mahormone akakosha mukugadzirisa kweakasiyana mabasa emuviri. Inowanikwa kune chikamu chepamberi chemutsipa, pasi pelarynx.

Chirwere chetachiona chinobudisa mahomoni makuru maviri: triiodothyronine (T3) uye thyroxine (T4). Yekutanga inogadzirwa kubva kune yechipiri. Triiodothyronine zvakare ihomoni inonyanya kubatanidzwa mukugadzirwa kwematishu akawanda emuviri. Mahomoni aya anotenderera nemuviri kuburikidza nehurongwa hweropa. Vanobva vagoverwa kune chinangwa chematishu uye masero.

Mahomoni etirodhi anobatanidzwa mumetabolism (seti ye biochemical reactions inobvumira muviri kuchengetedza mamiriro ekuenzanisa). Ivo zvakare vanouya mukutamba mukukura kwehuropi, kubvumira kushanda kwakakwana kwekufema, moyo kana tsinga system. Aya mahomoni anodzorawo tembiricha yemuviri, toni yetsandanyama, kutenderera kwekuenda kumwedzi, uremu uye kunyange mazinga echolesterol. Mupfungwa iyi, hyperthyroidism inobva yakonzera kusagadzikana, zvakanyanya kana kusakosha, mukati megadziriro yeaya mabasa akasiyana echipenyu.

Aya mahomoni ethyroid pachawo anodzorwa neimwe hormone: thyreotropic hormone (TSH). Iyo yekupedzisira inogadzirwa nepituitary gland (endocrine gland iripo muuropi). Kana huwandu hwehomoni yethyroid yakanyanya kuderera muropa, pituitary gland inoburitsa TSH yakawanda. Zvakapesana, mumamiriro ezvinhu ehuwandu hwepamusoro hwehomoni yehomoni, endocrine gland yeuropi inopindura kune ichi chiitiko, nekuderera kwekusunungurwa kweTSH.

Mumamiriro ezvinhu epamuviri, thehyperthyroidism zvinogona kutungamirira kumigumisiro yakakomba kune vose amai nemwana. Inogona kutungamirira mukubvisa pamuviri, kusununguka nguva isati yakwana, kukanganisa mu fetus kana kunyange kukanganisa kushanda mumwana. Nenzira iyi, kutariswa kwepedyo kwevakadzi vane pamuviri vanorwara kunofanirwa kuitwa.

Chirwere cheGraves chinonzi autoimmune hyperthyroidism. Kana chirwere chinokonzerwa nekushayikwa kwesimba rekudzivirira muviri. Izvi zvinonyanya kukonzerwa nekutenderera kwemasoja ekudzivirira chirwere (mamorekuru emasoja edziviriro) anokwanisa kumutsa thyroid. Aya masoja ekudzivirira chirwere anonzi: anti-TSH receptors, neimwe nzira inonzi: TRAK.

Kuongororwa kwechirwere ichi kunozosimbiswa kana TRAK antibody bvunzo iri yakanaka.

Kurapa kwechirwere ichi kunoenderana zvakananga nehuwandu hweTRAK antibodies akayerwa muropa.

Mamwe masoja ekudzivirira chirwere anogonawo kuva nyaya yekukura kwechirwere cheGraves. Izvi zvinonetsa pakati pe30% ne50% yevarwere.

Chirwere cheGraves chinogona kubata chero munhu. Mukuwedzera, vakadzi vaduku pakati pe20 ne30 vanonyanya kunetseka nechirwere.

Hyperthyroidism, yakanangana nechirwere cheGraves, inogona kukonzera zvimwe zviratidzo nezviratidzo. Zvakanyanya:

• thermophobia, ingave inopisa, maoko anodikitira, kana kudikitira zvakanyanya
• chirwere
• kuoneka kurasikirwa uremu, uye pasina chikonzero chechikonzero
• kunzwa kutya
• yakawedzera kurova kwemoyo tachycardia
• kutadza kufema, dyspnea
• wepa'hypertension
• musimba simba
• kusingaperi kuneta

Kuongororwa kunobva kwashanda maererano nezviratidzo izvi zvinonzwiwa nemurwere. Aya data anogona kubva awedzerwa nekuita ultrasound yegoiter, kana kunyange nekuita scintigraphy.

Mukugadzirisa kweBasedowian exophthalmos, zvimwe zviratidzo zvekliniki zvinozivikanwa: maziso anopisa, kuzvimba kwemaziso, kuchema kwemaziso, kuwedzera kwekunzwa kuchiedza (photophobia), kurwadziwa kweziso, nezvimwe. Iyo scanner inogona kuzosimbisa kana kuramba yekutanga yekuona kuongororwa.

Chirwere chekutanga chechirwere chinobva chave chekliniki uye chinoonekwa. Chikamu chinotevera ndechekuitwa kwedzimwe ongororo dzekurapa (scanner, ultrasound, nezvimwewo) pamwe nekuongorora kwebiology. Izvi zvinoguma nekuongororwa kwemazinga eTSH muropa, pamwe chete nehomoni yethyroid T3 uye T4. Aya maongororo ehupenyu anoita kuti zvikwanise, kunyanya, kuongorora kuoma kwechirwere.

Pakutanga, kurapwa kune medicamentous. Zvinokonzera kunyorerwa kweNeomercazole (NMZ), pamusoro peavhareji yemwedzi gumi nemisere. Kurapa uku kunosiyana zvichienderana nehuwandu hweT18 uye T3 muropa uye inofanira kuongororwa, kamwe chete pavhiki. Mushonga uyu unogona kukonzera mhedzisiro, yakadai sefivha kana kukura kwehuro.

Chikamu chechipiri, mumamiriro ezvinhu akaoma zvikuru, kurapwa kunobva kwaitwa kuvhiyiwa. Kuvhiya uku kunosanganisira thyroidectomy.

Kana iri Basedowian exophthalmos, iyi inorapwa necorticosteroids mumamiriro ekunyanya kuzvimba kweziso.