Pulmonary atelectasis chirwere chinokonzerwa nekuvhara kana kudzvinyirira kwekunze kwebronchi, izvo zvinoita kuti chikamu kana kuti yese yemapapu ishaye mweya. Vanhu vane chirwere vanogona kunetseka kufema kana kutadza kufema kana atelectasis yakaoma. Vanogonawo kuita pneumonia. Kunyangwe kazhinji asymptomatic, atelectasis inogona zvakare mune dzimwe nguva kukonzera hypoxemia, ndiko kuti, kuderera kwehuwandu hweokisijeni inotakurwa muropa uye kurwadziwa kwechipfuva. Kurapa kunosanganisira kubvisa chivharo kubva mumhepo uye kuona kuti kufema kwakadzika kunotorwa.

Pulmonary atelectasis inoenderana nekudonha kunodzoreredzwa kwepulmonary alveoli, nekurasikirwa kwehuwandu, zvichitevera kusavapo kwemhepo, nepo kutenderera kweropa kuri kwakajairika ipapo. Izvo zvinokonzerwa nekuvharwa kwakakwana kwebronchus kana bronchioles inofefetera chikamu chine chekuita. Atelectasis inogona kusanganisira mapapu ese, lobe kana zvikamu.

Pulmonary atelectasis inowanzokonzerwa nekuvharwa kwemukati kweimwe yebronchi huru inobva mu trachea uye inotungamira zvakananga kumapapu emapapu.

• muviri wekunze wakafemerwa, senge piritsi, chikafu kana toyi;
• bundu;
• plug yebundu.

Atelectasis inogonawo kuguma kubva kune bronchus yakamanikidzwa kubva kunze ne:

• bundu rakashata kana rakashata;
• lymphadenopathy (lymph node inowedzera muhukuru);
• pleural effusion (kuunganidza kusina kujairika kwemvura mumuromo wepleural, inova nzvimbo iri pakati pemapapu nechipfuva);
• pneumothorax (kuunganidza kusingawanzoitiki kwemhepo mu pleural cavity).

Atelectasis inogonawo kuva yechipiri kune kupindira kwekuvhiya kunoda intubation, kana kuti panzvimbo yepamusoro, kunyanya muvarwere vakaoma uye mumamiriro e cardiomegaly (kuwedzerwa kusingawanzoitiki kwemwoyo).

Pakupedzisira, chero mamiriro ezvinhu kana kupindira kunoderedza kufema kwakadzika kana kudzvinyirira kukwanisa kwemunhu kukosora kunogona kukurudzira pulmonary atelectasis:

• asima;
• kuzvimba;
• chirwere chebronchial wall;
• cystic fibrosis;
• complication panguva yeaneshesia (kuvhiya thoracic uye mudumbu kunyanya);
• kuwandisa kweopioid kana sedatives;
• kurwadziwa muchipfuva kana mudumbu.

Vanhu vane uremu hwakanyanya kana kuti vakafutisa vane njodzi huru yekukudziridza atelectasis.

Mukuwedzera pakuonekwa kwe dyspnea, i.e. kuoma kwekufema, uye hypoxemia, i.e. kuderera kwehuwandu hweokisijeni mumidziyo yeropa , pulmonary atelectasis inoramba ichinyanya kuratidza. Kuvapo uye kuoma kwe dyspnea uye hypoxemia zvinoenderana nekuti iyo atelectasis inokura nekukurumidza sei uye nehukuru hwemapapu akabatwa:

• kana atelectasis inosanganisira chikamu chiduku chemapapu kana kuti inokura zvishoma nezvishoma: zviratidzo zvinowanzova zvinyoro kana kuti zvisipo;
• kana nhamba yakawanda yealveoli inobatwa uye atelectasis inoitika nokukurumidza, dyspnea inogona kuva yakaoma uye kukundikana kwekufema kunogona kukura.

Kurova kwemoyo nekufema kunogonawo kuwedzera, uye dzimwe nguva ganda rinogona kuita bluish ruvara nekuda kwekudzikira kweokisijeni muropa. Izvi zvinonzi cyanosis. Zviratidzo zvinogonawo kuratidza kukanganisa kwakakonzera atelectasis (somuenzaniso, kurwadziwa kwechipfuva kubva mukukuvadzwa) kana chirwere chinokonzera (somuenzaniso, kurwadziwa kwechipfuva pakufema kwakadzika, nekuda kwepneumonia).

Pneumonia inogona kukonzerwa nepulmonary atelectasis, zvichikonzera kukosora, dyspnea, uye kurwadziwa kwepleural.

Kunyangwe zviitiko zvisingawanzo, pulmonary atelectasis inogona kuuraya muvachangozvarwa uye vana vadiki.

Nhanho yekutanga mukurapa atelectasis ndeyekubvisa chikonzero chekuvharirwa kwemhepo ne:

• kukosora ;
• aspiration yekufema turakiti;
• bronchoscopic kubvisa;
• kuvhiya kubviswa, radiotherapy, chemotherapy kana laser kurapwa muchiitiko chebundu;
• kurapwa kwezvinodhaka nechinangwa chekuonda mhashu kana kuvhura nzira yekufema (nebulization yealphadornase, bronchodilators), kana paine kuramba kuchivhara mucous.

Iyi nhanho yekutanga inogona kuperekedzwa:

• oxygen therapy;
• thoracic physiotherapy kubatsira kuchengetedza mhepo uye kubviswa kwezvivharo;
• mapapu ekuwedzera maitiro akadai seanotungamirirwa chikosoro;
• maitiro ekufema kwakadzika;
• kushandisa incentive spirometer;
• kurapwa nemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya kana hutachiona hwehutachiona hunofungidzirwa;
• zvakanyanya kashoma, kuiswa kwechubhu yeitubation (endotracheal intubation) uye mechanical ventilation.

Kana iyo atelectasis ichinge yarapwa, iyo alveoli uye chikamu chakadonha chemapapu zvishoma nezvishoma zvinofefetera kune chimiro chayo chepakutanga. Kana kurapwa kwanyanya kunonoka kana kuvharika kunosiya mavanga, zvinoitika kuti dzimwe nzvimbo dzakakuvadzwa zvisingaite.