Mavhitaminzi, anodiwa pakushanda kwakakodzera kwechipenyu, ndiwo mazhinji anopiwa nechikafu. Mukaka mukati memwedzi yekutanga, inowedzerwa nezvimwe zvese zvekudya panguva yekusiyana-siyana, ndeye mavhitamini evacheche. Zvisinei, kudya kwekudya kwemamwe mavitamini anokosha hakuna kukwana mucheche. Ichi ndicho chikonzero supplementation inokurudzirwa. Ndeapi mavitamini anokanganisa? Vanoita basa rei mumuviri? Zvese zvaunoda kuti uzive nezve mavhithamini emwana wako.

Vitamin D inogadzirwa nemuviri pasi pesimba rechiedza chezuva. Kunyanya, ganda redu rinorigadzira kana tikazviratidza kuzuva. Iyi vhitamini inowanikwawo mune zvimwe zvekudya (salmon, mackerel, sardines, zai yolk, bota, mukaka, nezvimwewo). Vitamin D inofambisa kunyura kwecalcium uye phosphorus mumatumbo, inodiwa kuti pfupa mineralization. Mune mamwe mazwi, vitamini D inokosha zvikuru, kunyanya mucheche, nokuti inobatsira mukukura nekusimbiswa kwemapfupa.

Muvacheche, kudyiwa kwevhitamini D iri mumukaka wezamu kana mukaka wemucheche hakuna kukwana. Kuti udzivise rickets, chirwere chinokonzera kuremara uye kusakwana kwemaminerari emapfupa, vitamini D yekuwedzera inokurudzirwa muvana vose kubva pamazuva ekutanga ehupenyu. "Kuwedzera uku kunofanirwa kuenderera mberi muchikamu chekukura uye mapfupa emaminerari, kureva kusvika kumakore gumi nemasere", inoratidza French Association of Ambulatory Pediatrics (AFPA).

Kubva pakuzvarwa kusvika kumwedzi gumi nemisere, iyo inokurudzirwa kudya ndeye 18 kusvika 800 IU pazuva. Mari yacho inosiyana zvichienderana nekuti mwana ari kuyamwisa here kana kuti formula yevacheche:

• Kana mwana akayamwa, kuwedzera kwe1200 IU pazuva.

Kubva pamwedzi 18 kusvika kumakore mashanu, kuwedzera kunokurudzirwa munguva yechando (kubhadhara kushayikwa kwekuratidzwa kune chiedza chechisikigo). Imwe yekuwedzera inorayirwa panguva yekukura kwekuyaruka.

Kuvandudzwa kwezvikumbiro izvi kuri kuitika parizvino. "Izvi zvichaenderana nekurudziro dzeEurope, dzinoti 400 IU pazuva kubva pa0 kusvika kumakore gumi nemasere muvana vane hutano vasina njodzi, uye 18 IU pazuva kubva pa800 kusvika kumakore gumi nemasere muvana vane njodzi," akadaro National Food Safety. Agency (ANSES) mupepanhau rakaburitswa muna Ndira 0, 18.

Vitamin D yekuwedzera muvacheche inofanirwa kurairwa nenyanzvi yehutano. Inofanirwa kunge iri muchimiro chemushonga uye kwete muchimiro chezvekudya zvinowedzerwa nevhitamini D (dzimwe nguva yakawandisa vhitamini D).  

Kuwedzeredza kwevhitamini D hakuna njodzi kune vana vadiki. Muna Ndira 2021, ANSES yakazivisa nezvenyaya dzekuwandisa kwevana vadiki zvichitevera kudyiwa kwezvekudya zvine vhitamini D. Vana vainetsekana vakapa hypercalcemia (calcium yakawandisa muropa) inogona kukuvadza itsvo. Kuti udzivise kuwandisa kunogona kuve nengozi kune hutano hwevacheche, ANSES inoyeuchidza vabereki nenyanzvi dzehutano:

kusawanza zvigadzirwa zvine vhitamini D. 

• kufarira zvinodhaka pane zvekudya zvinowedzera.
• tarisa madosi anoitwa (tarisa huwandu hwevhitamini D pakudonha).

Vitamin K inobata basa rakakosha muropa coagulation, inobatsira kudzivirira kubuda ropa. Muviri wedu hauubudisi, saka unopiwa nezvokudya (miriwo yakasvibirira, hove, nyama, mazai). Pakuzvarwa, vana vachangozvarwa vane mashoma evhitamini K uye nekudaro vane njodzi yakawedzera yekubuda ropa (mukati nekunze), iyo inogona kuve yakakomba kana ikakanganisa uropi. Sezvineiwo, izvi hazviwanzo. 

Kuti udzivise kushayikwa kwevhitamini K kubuda ropa, vacheche muFrance vanopihwa 2 mg yevhitamini K pakuzvarwa muchipatara, 2 mg pakati pe 4th uye 7th zuva rehupenyu uye 2 mg pamwedzi 1.

Kuwedzerwa uku kunofanira kuenderera mberi muvana vanoyamwisa chete (mukaka wezamu hauna kupfuma muvhitamini K pane mukaka wemucheche). Nokudaro, zvinokurudzirwa kupa imwe ampoule ye 2 mg nemuromo vhiki imwe neimwe chero bedzi kuyamwisa kuri kwega. Kana mukaka wemucheche wakatangwa, kuwedzera uku kunogona kumiswa. 

Kunze kwevhitamini D uye vhitamini K, vhitamini yekuwedzera haikurudzirwe muvacheche, kunze kwezano rekurapa.