Mukati
Porcini mushroom inofungidzirwa zvakakodzera masters emusango - inofarirwa zvikuru nokuti ine inonaka inonaka uye inokodzera marudzi ose ekubika.
Iko hakuna mhando dzakawanda dzeporcini howa, uye ese anonaka zvakasarudzika ese ari manyoro uye akaomeswa. Mumasango epakati Nyika Yedu, unogona kazhinji kuwana chena birch howa uye chena pine howa. Sezvinoratidzwa nezita racho, mamwe acho anowanikwa mumasango ane miti, asi mamwe anowanikwa mumasango econiferous.
Muchikamu chino, mapikicha uye tsananguro dzeporcini howa nemhando dzadzo, ruzivo nezve mapatya howa uye zvimwe zvinonakidza zvinhu zvinopihwa kwauri.
White mushroom uye mufananidzo wake
Category: zvinodyika.
White howa kavha ((Boletus edulis) (diameter 8-30 cm):matte, zvishoma convex. Iine dzvuku, dzvuku, yero, remoni kana rima reorange.
[»»]
Teerera kumufananidzo we porcini mushroom: mipendero yechivharo chayo inowanzoreruka kupfuura nzvimbo ine rima. Iyo cap inotsvedzerera kukubata, mumamiriro ekunze akaoma kazhinji inotsemuka, uye mushure memvura inopenya uye inotsvedza zvishoma. Ganda hariparadzanise kubva pahuputi.
Gumbo (kureba 9-26 cm): kazhinji yakareruka kupfuura chivharo - chiedza chemavara, dzimwe nguva chine tsvuku tsvuku. Sezvinenge zvese nemaboletes, inokwira kumusoro, ine chimiro chehumburumbira, kirabhu, kashoma dhiramu rakaderera. Zvinenge zvese zvakafukidzwa nemambure emagetsi akareruka.
Tubular layer: chena, muhowa yekare inogona kuva yero kana maorivhi. Zviri nyore kuparadzaniswa neheti. Maburi madiki akatenderera muchimiro.
Sezvauri kuona mumufananidzo weporcini howa, iwo ese ane yakasimba, ine muto nyama yemuchena wakachena ruvara, iyo inozopedzisira yachinja kuita yero. Pasi peganda rinogona kuva rakasviba kana tsvuku. Haina kunhuwa kunotaurwa.
Zviviri: vamiririri vanodyiwa veBoletaceae mhuri uye gall fungus (Tylopilus felleus). Asi nduru haina dense pulp, uye tubular layer ine pinkish tint (muchena fungus ichena). Ichokwadi, porcini howa yekare inogona kuva nemumvuri wakafanana. Mumwe mutsauko ndewekuti kana wakadzvanywa, iyo tubular layer yenduru fungus inova yakatsvuka kana tsvuku. Uye zvinonyanya kukosha - kuravira kweiyo inedible gall mushroom inoenderana nezita, nepo iyo chena ine inonakidza.
Pakukura: howa huchena hunokura kubva pakati paChikunguru kusvika pakupera kwaGunyana. Inowanikwa munzvimbo dzine matanda kupfuura mumapani. Humwe hwehowa hushoma hunowanikwa muArctic zone.
Ndingawane kupi pasi pefir, mioki uye mabirches. Kazhinji mumasango, miti yakakura kudarika makore makumi mashanu, pedyo nechanterelles, greenfinches uye green russula. White fungus haifariri ivhu rakazara nemvura, machakwi uye peaty.
[»wp-content/plugins/include-me/goog-left.php»]
Kudya: ine kuravira kwakanakisa.
Kwemakore, vanhongi vehowa vakawana howa chaihwo hunotyora rekodhi. Semuenzaniso, porcini mushroom yakawanikwa munharaunda yeMoscow yairema anenge 10 kg uye yaiva nekapu dhayamita inenge 60 cm. Panzvimbo yechipiri yaiva porcini howa akachekwa pedyo Vladimir. Airema 6 kg 750 g.
Shandisa mumishonga yechivanhu (data haina kusimbiswa uye haina kuongororwa nekiriniki!): white fungus, kunyange iri mudiki, ine mushonga unorwisa mabhakitiriya. Iyi howa inoshandiswa kudzivirira tuberculosis uye zvirwere zvepamuviri, muto unovandudza hutachiona uye unonyanya kukosha mushure mekurwara kwakakomba, frostbite uye maitiro akaoma ekenza ave achirapwa kwenguva refu ne tincture.
Birch porcini mushroom: mufananidzo uye mapatya
Category: zvinodyika.
Musoro birch porcini mushroom (Boletus betulicolus) (diameter 6-16 cm) inopenya, inogona kunge yakaita chena kana ocher kana yero. Hukuru, asi hunova hwakapfava nekufamba kwenguva. Inonzwa yakatsetseka kusvika pakubata.
Gumbo (kureba 6-12,5 cm): jena kana shava, rine chimiro chemuguro wakareba, wakasimba.
Tubular layer: kureba kwechubhu kunosvika 2 cm; pores madiki uye akatenderera.
Pulp: chena uye isina kunaka.
Mapatya eBirch porcini mushroom - vese vamiririri vanodyiwa veBoletaceae mhuri uye gall fungus (Tylopilus felleus), iyo ine meshes padzinde, tubular layer inoshanduka pink nezera, uye nyama ine inovava.
Mamwe mazita: spikelet (iri ndiro zita rewhite birch fungus muKuban, sezvo rinoonekwa panguva iyo rye inoibva (nzeve).
Pakukura: kubva pakati paChikunguru kusvika kutanga kwaGumiguru munharaunda yeMurmansk, Far East, Siberia, pamwe nenyika dzekuMadokero kweEurope.
Tarisa mufananidzo webirch white fungus mumasikirwo - inokura pasi pemiti yebirch kana pedyo navo, pamucheto wemasango. Howa dzemhuri yeBoletaceae dzakasiyana pakuti dzinogona kuumba mycorrhiza (symbiotic fusion) ine marudzi anopfuura makumi mashanu emiti.
Kudya: ine kuravira kwakanakisa. Inogona kubikwa, yakakangwa, yakaomeswa, yakarungwa.
Kushandiswa mumishonga yechivanhu: haishande.
[»wp-content/plugins/include-me/ya1-h2.php»]
White mushroom pine (upland) uye mufananidzo wayo
Category: zvinodyika.
white pine howa (Boletus pinicola) ine ngowani ine dhayamita ye7-30 cm, matte, ine madiki tubercles uye network yediki wrinkles. Kazhinji shava, kashoma ine tsvuku kana yepepuru tint, yakasviba pakati. Muhowa hudiki, ine chimiro chehemisphere, zvino inova inenge yakati sandara kana kuti zvishoma. Inonzwa yakaoma kusvika pakubata, asi mukunaya kwekunze inotsvedza uye inonamira.
Nyatsoteerera kumufananidzo wemakumbo emupini muchena mushroom - kureba kwayo ndeye 8-17 cm, ine mesh pattern kana zviduku zviduku. Dzinde gobvu uye pfupi, richikura kubva kumusoro kusvika pasi. Yakareruka kupfuura chivharo, kazhinji yakatsvuka, asi inogona kunge iri yemamwe mimvuri.
Tubular layer: yellowish-olive ine maburi anogarotenderera.
Kufanana nedzimwe howa dzeporcini, mapikicha ayo anoratidzwa pane ino peji, iyo pulp yepine boletus ine dense uye ine nyama, chena pakucheka uye kunhuhwirira kwenzungu dzakakangwa.
Mapatya emhando iyi yefungus chena ese inhengo dzinodyiwa dzemhuri yeBoletaceae uye inedible gall mushroom (Tylopilus felleus), iyo tubular layer ine ruvara rwepinki.
Pakukura: kubva pakupera kwaJune kusvika pakutanga kwaOctober muEurope chikamu cheNyika Yedu uye kumaodzanyemba kweSiberia, pamwe chete neWestern Europe neCentral America.
Ndingawane kupi imwe chete kana mumapoka inokura padivi pemipaini, zvishoma kazhinji pedyo nemioki, chestnuts, beeches uye firs.
Kudya: inoonekwa seimwe yehowa dzinonaka kwazvo. Inoshandiswa chero ipi zvayo - yakaomeswa, yakabikwa (kunyanya mumasobho), yakakangwa kana mukugadzirira. Zviri nani kunhonga howa hudiki, sezvo hukare hunenge huine makonye.
Kushandiswa mumishonga yechivanhu: haishande.
Mamwe mazita emhando dzeporcini mushroom
Boletus porcini mushroom inowanzonzi: boletus, mhou, mbuya, mwana, belevik, murwi, capercaillie, akanaka-anhu, yellow, feather uswa, konovyash, konovyatik, korovatik, cowshed, cowshed, korovik, mullein, mullein, bere, bere, pani, danga remombe, mudikani howa.
Rimwe zita remupine porcini mushroom ndeye boletus dine-inoda, upland porcini mushroom.