Mukati
Autumn howa dzagara dzakakurumbira pakati pevanotora howa. Mushure mezvose, miviri iyi inobereka michero inokura mumakoloni makuru, uye goho rakakura rehowa rinogona kukohwa kubva pachigutsa chimwe chete kana hunde yemuti wakadonha. Mukuwedzera, howa hunoonekwa hunobatsira zvikuru nekuda kwehuwandu hwephosphorus, iron, calcium, pamwe chete nemavhitaminzi akasiyana-siyana uye kutsvaga zvinhu. Kunewo matsutso howa, anonzi royal howa.
Howa dzehumambo dzinoruramisa zvizere zita ravo, rakapararira pakati pevanhu. Hati dzemhando iyi dzinosvika kusvika 20 cm muhupamhi, uye dzinokura kupfuura masendimita makumi maviri pakureba. Munyika yesainzi, howa dzehumambo dzinonzi golden flakes.
Howa hwematsutso uhu haukuri mumapoka makuru semamwe marudzi. Huchi agaric royal kana goridhe flake inofarira "kusurukirwa" kana kukura mumapoka maduku. Mhando iyi haiwanzo, asi vanonhonga howa, kunyangwe muzviitiko izvi, havawanzo kuunganidza, vachifunga kuti havadyike. Asi ini ndinofanira kutaura kuti kuravira kweiyo scaly royal howa haasiyane neanofarira uye anozivikanwa matsutso marudzi.
Vanotora howa veNovice vanobvunza kuti: howa hwehumambo hunodyiwa here kana kuti kwete? Kuti tiwane mhinduro kumubvunzo uyu, ngatitarisei mufananidzo uye tsananguro yehumambo howa.
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Ko mahowa ehumambo anotaridzika sei: mapikicha uye tsananguro dzehowa
Latin zita: Pholiota aurivella.
Mhuri: strophariaceae.
Sort ne: foil kana kuputika.
Synonyms: royal honey agaric, golden flake, sulfur-yellow flake, willow.
Edibility: howa hunodyiwa.
Ngowani: iyo dhayamita yekapu yakakura, pazera rechidiki kubva pa5 kusvika ku10 cm; mumienzaniso yevakuru, kubva pa10 kusvika ku20 cm. Chivharo chacho chakafaranuka sebhero muchimiro, asi chinoshanduka nezera kuita chiumbwa chakati sandarara. Ruvara rwecap inosiyana kubva kune yero ine ngura kusvika kune yakasviba goridhe. Nzvimbo yose yevhavha ine zvikero zvinoputika zveruvara rutsvuku.
Gumbo: kureba kubva 6 kusvika 12 cm, dhayamita kubva 1 kusvika 2 cm. Dense, yero-brown mumvuri ine brownish zviyero zviri pairi. Dzinde rakagadzirwa nemhete ine fibrous, asi sezvo fungus inokura, mhete inonyangarika.
Rekodhi: yakafara uye adnate kune gumbo rine denticles. Muvara wemahwendefa pauduku hwefungus uswa hwakareruka. Pavanenge vachikura, ruvara rwunova rwemuorivhi kana ruvara.
Pulp: ine kunhuhwirira kwakanaka, kuchena-yellow muruvara.
Application: howa hunobatsira zvikuru kune vanhu vanotambura neanemia. Izvo zvine zvakawanda zve magnesium uye iron - zvinhu zvinobatanidzwa mu hematopoiesis. Kudya uchi agaric yeautumn royal kunobatsira kugadzirisa kushomeka kwemaminerari mumuviri wemunhu uye kuwedzera hemoglobin. Mukuwedzera, rudzi urwu rwehowa runogadzirisa kushanda kwakakodzera kwechirwere chetachiona.
Paradzira: anowanzo kuwanikwa mumasango anodonha, pamwe nemumasango ane coniferous enzvimbo dzine machakwi muNyika Yedu.
Mifananidzo yehumambo hwehowa huchabatsira vanonhonga howa kusiyanisa mhando iyi kubva kune enhema howa:
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Howa hwehumambo hwematsutso hunomera kupi?
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Zvakakosha kucherechedza kuti mhando dzehowa dzehumambo dzinodyiwa dzinokura pamatanda emiti akakuvadzwa, akare, akachekwa kwenguva refu. Vanogonawo kuwanikwa pasi pedyo nemidzi yemiti yakaoma yakaoma uye conifers. Iyo fruiting yegoridhe kana yehumambo huchi agarics inotanga munaAugust uye inopfuurira kusvika pakupera kwaSeptember. Vagari vePrimorsky Krai vanogona kutora howa idzi dzinoshamisa kubva pakati paMay kusvika pakati paSeptember.
Ndokupi kumwe kunomera howa hwehumambo, uye ndeipi miti yavanoda zvakanyanya? Kazhinji iyi mhando yehowa inogadzika pamatanda emiti inodonha, kunyanya paalder kana willow, dzimwe nguva inosarudza birch uye birch stumps, zvishoma kazhinji - coniferous miti munzvimbo dzine mvura. Tarisa pamifananidzo iri pazasi inoratidza kuti howa hwehumambo hunoratidzika sei pamiti iri musango:
Dzimwe nguva kunyange vane ruzivo vanonhonga howa, nekuda kwekuonekwa kushoma kwegoridhe flakes, vanovavhiringidza nehowa hwenhema hunokura munzvimbo dzakafanana. Naizvozvo, isu tinokurudzira kuti uverenge zvakanyatsonaka mapikicha ehuya hwehumambo hunodyiwa uye hwenhema:
Sezvatotaurwa, flakes kana royal howa howa dzinodyiwa. Zvisinei, usati washandisa, inofanira kubikwa mumvura ine munyu kwemaminitsi 20-25. Sezvo howa hwehumambo huine kuravira kwakanakisa, hunoshandiswa mumaappetizers, saladi, yekutanga uye yechipiri makosi. Mafuraki anoenda zvakanyanya nembatatisi yakakangwa kana yakabikwa. Mukuwedzera, kubva kune howa idzi, vakadzi vazhinji vanogadzirira nguva yechando: yakabikwa, munyu, yakaomeswa nechando.
Dzimwe nguva howa hunogona kuwanikwa mumasango epine uye masango espruce. Ko howa hwehumambo hunotaridzika sei kana ukahuwana musango reconiferous? Kazhinji, zviyero zvinounganidzwa mumasango ane miti yakasiyana neaya anokura muconiferous. Musiyano wekutanga wehowa unowanikwa mumasango emipaini ndiyo yakasviba ruvara rwekapu uye zviyero, uye yechipiri inoravira inovava. Nekudaro, kune yakawanda yevhitamini C, PP uye E muhowa hwehumambo. Mukuwedzera, kune 100 makorikori pa 22 g yeflake, saka calorie yemhando iyi yakaderera zvikuru. Ndicho chikonzero ivo vanobatsira kune vanodya miriwo uye avo vanotevera yakaderera-calorie kudya. Maererano nezvinyorwa zve phosphorus uye calcium, howa dzeumambo dzinokwikwidzana kunyange nehove.
Nyanzvi dzakaisa howa hwehumambo muchikamu cheIV chekugona. Ndicho chikonzero kune dzimwe nyika haadyi uye haatombounganidzwa, sezvo chikamu ichi chiri chemarudzi asingadyiki kunze kwenyika. Nekudaro, muNyika Yedu ivo vakagadzirirwa nenzira yakafanana neyakajairika matsutso howa. Izvo zvakafanobikwa mumvura ine munyu uye chete ipapo zvakakangwa, zvakabikwa kana zvakabikwa zvekutanga makosi. Uye zvakare, howa dzehumambo dzematsutso dzinoshandiswa mune mamwe mabikirwo ekubika: vanobika howa stew, julienne, kugadzira caviar, pastes, sosi, hodgepodges uye howa kuzadza kwepizza nemapie.
Hati dzehowa dzehumambo, dzakafanana nemabhora ane prickly, dzakanaka kwazvo kugadzika kana munyu. Nekudaro, howa hwega hwega hunofanirwa kugadzirwa kwekutanga: kucheneswa kubva kumakero nemarara emasango. Iko kuravira kukuru kwegoridhe flake kwakavanzwa muheti. Makumbo mushure mekubika kwenguva refu anova akaoma uye akaoma.
Kunyangwe iyo goridhe flake yakapararira muNyika Yedu uye ichinyatso zivikanwa, haina kuunganidzwa kazhinji. Zvichida izvi zvinokonzerwa nekuti vashoma vanhu vanoziva rudzi urwu rwehowa. Nekudaro, vechokwadi connoisseurs ezvekudya zvinonaka zvehowa vanoiisa pamwe chete nematsutso howa uye kunyange howa. Isu tinokupa iwe kuti utarise vhidhiyo yekuunganidza howa hwehumambo mumasango ane deciduous nevadi "vakanyarara kuvhima":
Nzira yekusiyanisa howa hwehumambo kubva kune enhema howa (ane mufananidzo)
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Kazhinji howa hwehumambo hunonzi mikonachando, sezvo hunokohwewa pamikonachando. Howa uhu hunokura kubva pakati pezhizha kusvika pachando. Vanonhonga howa vasina ruzivo rwokuzviwanira vanogona kuvhiringa howa hunodyiwa nehupfu husingadyike. Nzira yekusiyanisa sei howa hwehumambo kubva kune enhema inedible mushroom? Nhema dzehuchi agaric moto inokura chete pamadota, pamwe chete nemoto wekare, wakakura nehuswa nemakwenzi. Iine ruvara rwakajeka, kuravira kunorwadza uye kunhuhwirira kusingafadzi. Kunyange zvazvo pulp yacho ine muto uye yakakora, haidyiwe nekuda kwekunhuwa. Iyo fungus inogona kuisa njodzi yakakomba kuhutano hwevanhu. Naizvozvo, isu tinokurudzira kuenzanisa mafoto ehumambo huchi agaric uye enhema:
Kune akati wandei mamwe marudzi ehumambo ehowa, ayo anoonekwa seanogona kudyiwa.
Semuenzaniso, iyo flake ndeye mucous, iyo yakafanana chaizvo neyemambo yegoridhe flake. Zvivharo zvehowa hudiki zvakaita sebhero, izvo zvinova concave sezvo howa huchikura, uye mipendero yecap inosimuka. Kana mamiriro okunze achinaya, ipapo nyama inova slimy uye inonamira, iro raive zita reflake - slimy. Dzinde refungus iyi rinopedzisira rava mhango, uye mhete padzinde inonyangarika zvachose. Slimy flakes inokura chete pahuni yakaora kubva pakati paNyamavhuvhu kusvika kutanga kwaGumiguru.
Imwe yenhema yehumambo huchi agaric - cinder flake, inonzi haidyiwi. Chimiro chechivharo paudiki hwefungus ndeye hemispherical, uye mukukura inova yakanyatso kupfugama. Muvara weheti wakajeka kwazvo - orange-brown, micheto yakafukidzwa nezvidimbu zvemubhedha. Dzinde rechiyero, kunyanya chikamu chayo chezasi, chakafukidzwa neshinda dzebrown. Iyo mhete inowanikwa muhowa chaihwo haisi kuoneka pagumbo.
Zvinodyiwa nemamiriro ezvinhu ndiyo yakajairika flake, iyo yakafanana nehowa hwehumambo. Kunyangwe iine zvimiro zvekuporesa, ichine imwe drawback - hallucinogenicity. Iwe unogona kuidya, asi mushure menguva refu yekupisa kurapwa. Fashaidza mhuka iyi kwemaminetsi angangoita 40 wobva wadya chete. Mhando yehowa iyi inounganidzwa kashoma, kazhinji chete nevaya vanoziva kubika. Mushure mezvose, vane ruzivo vanotora howa vanoziva kuti zvinorambidzwa zvachose kushandisa maflakes akajairika nedoro. Opium iri muchimiro ichi, mukudyidzana nedoro, inogona kuva nemhedzisiro isingatarisike kumuviri.Kuti uzive nzira yekusiyanisa howa hwehumambo, tinokurudzira kutarisa mafoto anoratidza misiyano iyi:
Sezvo wakajairana navo zvakanaka, unogona kuenda zvakachengeteka kusango kune humambo howa. Zvisinei, kana iwe uchiri kusava nechokwadi chezivo yako, zviri nani kuti usatora njodzi, asi kuunganidza chete iyo miviri ye fruiting yaunoziva kwauri.